php关于输入过滤小结
Web的攻击,大部分是来自于外部,如Url上添加一些字段注入($_GET输入),表单的提交注入(一般为$_POST),所以在接收数据时对数据进行过滤,是很有必要的。
一. 一般php自带的过滤方法有:
1.空过滤
trim过滤字符串首尾空格
$name = trim($_POST[‘name‘]);
2.标签过滤 :
strip_tags会将字符串中的php标签(<?php ?>)Html标签(<h1></h1><script></script>....等)移除。一定程序上阻止了恶意注入。
//for example: $_POST[‘name‘] = "<script>alert(‘hehe‘);</script>"; var_dump($_POST[‘name‘]);//弹出信息框 ‘hehe‘ $name = strip_tags($_POST[‘name‘]); var_dump($name); //string(14) "alert(‘hehe‘);"
3.转数据类型
若知道要接收的数据是整形或浮点形,可以直接转数据类型。
//转整形 $number = intval($_POST[‘number‘]); $price = floatval($_POST[‘price‘]);
4.移除xss攻击(跨站脚本攻击)
xss攻击有时会把标签转换成其他数据,strip_tags防止不了,
ThinkPHP中有个remove_xss方法,可以将大部分xss攻击阻止。这方法在 ./ThinkPHP/Extend/Function/extend.php中,为了方便使用,可以放到项目的common.php里。
方法如下
/** * @from extend.php * 过滤xss攻击 * @param str $val * @return mixed */ function remove_xss($val) { // remove all non-printable characters. CR(0a) and LF(0b) and TAB(9) are allowed // this prevents some character re-spacing such as <java\0script> // note that you have to handle splits with \n, \r, and \t later since they *are* allowed in some inputs $val = preg_replace(‘/([\x00-\x08,\x0b-\x0c,\x0e-\x19])/‘, ‘‘, $val); // straight replacements, the user should never need these since they‘re normal characters // this prevents like <IMG SRC=@avascript:alert(‘XSS‘)> $search = ‘abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz‘; $search .= ‘ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ‘; $search .= ‘1234567890!@#$%^&*()‘; $search .= ‘~`";:?+/={}[]-_|\‘\\‘; for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($search); $i++) { // ;? matches the ;, which is optional // 0{0,7} matches any padded zeros, which are optional and go up to 8 chars // @ @ search for the hex values $val = preg_replace(‘/(&#[xX]0{0,8}‘.dechex(ord($search[$i])).‘;?)/i‘, $search[$i], $val); // with a ; // @ @ 0{0,7} matches ‘0‘ zero to seven times $val = preg_replace(‘/(�{0,8}‘.ord($search[$i]).‘;?)/‘, $search[$i], $val); // with a ; } // now the only remaining whitespace attacks are \t, \n, and \r $ra1 = array(‘javascript‘, ‘vbscript‘, ‘expression‘, ‘applet‘, ‘meta‘, ‘xml‘, ‘blink‘, ‘link‘, ‘style‘, ‘script‘, ‘embed‘, ‘object‘, ‘iframe‘, ‘frame‘, ‘frameset‘, ‘ilayer‘, ‘layer‘, ‘bgsound‘, ‘title‘, ‘base‘); $ra2 = array(‘onabort‘, ‘onactivate‘, ‘onafterprint‘, ‘onafterupdate‘, ‘onbeforeactivate‘, ‘onbeforecopy‘, ‘onbeforecut‘, ‘onbeforedeactivate‘, ‘onbeforeeditfocus‘, ‘onbeforepaste‘, ‘onbeforeprint‘, ‘onbeforeunload‘, ‘onbeforeupdate‘, ‘onblur‘, ‘onbounce‘, ‘oncellchange‘, ‘onchange‘, ‘onclick‘, ‘oncontextmenu‘, ‘oncontrolselect‘, ‘oncopy‘, ‘oncut‘, ‘ondataavailable‘, ‘ondatasetchanged‘, ‘ondatasetcomplete‘, ‘ondblclick‘, ‘ondeactivate‘, ‘ondrag‘, ‘ondragend‘, ‘ondragenter‘, ‘ondragleave‘, ‘ondragover‘, ‘ondragstart‘, ‘ondrop‘, ‘onerror‘, ‘onerrorupdate‘, ‘onfilterchange‘, ‘onfinish‘, ‘onfocus‘, ‘onfocusin‘, ‘onfocusout‘, ‘onhelp‘, ‘onkeydown‘, ‘onkeypress‘, ‘onkeyup‘, ‘onlayoutcomplete‘, ‘onload‘, ‘onlosecapture‘, ‘onmousedown‘, ‘onmouseenter‘, ‘onmouseleave‘, ‘onmousemove‘, ‘onmouseout‘, ‘onmouseover‘, ‘onmouseup‘, ‘onmousewheel‘, ‘onmove‘, ‘onmoveend‘, ‘onmovestart‘, ‘onpaste‘, ‘onpropertychange‘,‘onreadystatechange‘, ‘onreset‘, ‘onresize‘, ‘onresizeend‘, ‘onresizestart‘, ‘onrowenter‘, ‘onrowexit‘, ‘onrowsdelete‘, ‘onrowsinserted‘, ‘onscroll‘, ‘onselect‘, ‘onselectionchange‘, ‘onselectstart‘, ‘onstart‘, ‘onstop‘, ‘onsubmit‘, ‘onunload‘); $ra = array_merge($ra1, $ra2); $found = true; // keep replacing as long as the previous round replaced something while ($found == true) { $val_before = $val; for ($i = 0; $i < sizeof($ra); $i++) { $pattern = ‘/‘; for ($j = 0; $j < strlen($ra[$i]); $j++) { if ($j > 0) { $pattern .= ‘(‘; $pattern .= ‘(&#[xX]0{0,8}([9ab]);)‘; $pattern .= ‘|‘; $pattern .= ‘|(�{0,8}([9|10|13]);)‘; $pattern .= ‘)*‘; } $pattern .= $ra[$i][$j]; } $pattern .= ‘/i‘; $replacement = substr($ra[$i], 0, 2).‘<x>‘.substr($ra[$i], 2); // add in <> to nerf the tag $val = preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $val); // filter out the hex tags if ($val_before == $val) { // no replacements were made, so exit the loop $found = false; } } } return $val; }
调用时如下
$name = remove_xss($_POST[‘name‘]);
基本我使用的就这几种方法。如果有其他不错的方法,请一起来分享。
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