CSS3 Media Queries模板
CSS3 Media Queries一般都是使用“max-width”和“min-width” 两个属性来检查各种设备的分辨大小与样式表所设条件是否满足,如果满足就调用相应的样式。打个比方来说,如果你的Web页面在960px的显屏下显示,那 么首先会通过CSS3 Media Queries进行查询,看看有没有设置这个条件样式,如果找到相应的,就会采用对应下的样式,其他的设备是一样的道理。下面具体看看“max- width”和“min-width”模板:
使用max-width
@media screen and (max-width: 600px) { //你的样式放在这里.... }
使用min-width
@media screen and (min-width: 900px) { //你的样式放在这里... }
max-width和min-width的混合使用max-width和min-width的混合使用
@media screen and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 900px) { //你的样式放在这里... }
同时CSS3 Media Queries还能查询设备的宽度“device-width”来判断样式的调用,这个主要用在iPhone,iPads设备上,比如像下面的应用:
iPhone和Smartphones上的运用
/* iPhone and Smartphones (portrait and landscape) */ @media screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width: 480px) { //你的样式放在这里... }
max-device-width指的是设备整个渲染区宽度(设备的实际宽度)
iPads上的运用
/* iPads (landscape) */ @media screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) { //你的样式放在这里... } /* iPads (portrait) */ @media screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) { //你的样式放在这里... }
针对移动设备的运用,如果你想让样式工作得比较正常,需要在“<head>”添加“viewport”的meta标签:
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
有关于这方面的介绍大家可以看看这个blog上进行的的移动端开发的相关总结。
调用独立的样式表
你可能希望在不同的设备下调用不同的样式文件,方便管理或者维护,那么你可以按下面的这种方式进行调用:
<link rel="stylesheet" media="screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width: 480px)" href="iphone.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px)" href="ipad.css" />
CSS3 Media Queries在标准设备上的运用
下面我们一起来看看CSS3 Meida Queries在标准设备上的运用,大家可以把这些样式加到你的样式文件中,或者单独创建一个名为“responsive.css”文件,并在相应的条件中写上你的样式,让他适合你的设计需求:
1、1024px显屏
@media screen and (max-width : 1024px) { /* CSS Styles */ }
4、iPad横板显屏
@media screen and (max-device-width: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) { /* CSS Styles */ }
5、iPad竖板显屏
@media screen and (max-device-width: 768px) and (orientation: portrait) { /* CSS Styles */ }
iPhone 和 Smartphones
@media screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (min-device-width: 480px) { /* CSS Styles */ }
现在有关于这方面的运用也是相当的成熟,twitter的Bootstrap第二版本中就加上了这方面的运用。大家可以对比一下:
// Landscape phones and down @media (max-width: 480px) { ... } // Landscape phone to portrait tablet @media (max-width: 768px) { ... } // Portrait tablet to landscape and desktop @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 980px) { ... } // Large desktop @media (min-width: 1200px) { .. }
在bootstrap中的responsive.css采用的是网格布局,大家可以到官网查看或下载其源码进行学习。另外960gs为大家提供了一个Adapt.js也很方便的帮大家实现上述效果。感兴趣的同学可以去了解了解。
下面给大家提供几个这方面的案例,以供大家参考:
- 《CSS3 Media Queries案例——Hicksdesign》
- 《CSS3 Media Queries案例——Tee Gallery》
- 《CSS3 Media Queries案例——A List Apart》
更新CSS3 Media Queries模板查询
1、Smartphones (portrait and landscape)
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) { /* Styles */ }
2、Smartphones (landscape)
@media only screen and (min-width : 321px) { /* Styles */ }
3、Smartphones (portrait)
@media only screen and (max-width : 320px) { /* Styles */ }
4、iPads (portrait and landscape)
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) { /* Styles */ }
5、iPads (landscape)
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) { /* Styles */ }
6、iPads (portrait)
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) { /* Styles */ }
7、iPhone 4
@media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 1.5),only screen and (min-device-pixel-ratio : 1.5) { /* Styles */ }
8、640px显屏
@media screen and (max-width : 640px) { /* CSS Styles */ }
11、Desktops and laptops
@media only screen and (min-width : 1224px) { /* Styles */ }
12、Large screens
@media only screen and (min-width : 1824px) { /* Styles */ }
@media only screen and (min-width: 320px) { /* Small screen, non-retina */ } @media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 320px), only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 320px), only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1) and (min-width: 320px), only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 320px), only screen and ( min-resolution: 192dpi) and (min-width: 320px), only screen and ( min-resolution: 2dppx) and (min-width: 320px) { /* Small screen, retina, stuff to override above media query */ } @media only screen and (min-width: 700px) { /* Medium screen, non-retina */ } @media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 700px), only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 700px), only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1) and (min-width: 700px), only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 700px), only screen and ( min-resolution: 192dpi) and (min-width: 700px), only screen and ( min-resolution: 2dppx) and (min-width: 700px) { /* Medium screen, retina, stuff to override above media query */ } @media only screen and (min-width: 1300px) { /* Large screen, non-retina */ } @media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 1300px), only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 1300px), only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1) and (min-width: 1300px), only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 1300px), only screen and ( min-resolution: 192dpi) and (min-width: 1300px), only screen and ( min-resolution: 2dppx) and (min-width: 1300px) { /* Large screen, retina, stuff to override above media query */ }
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