原生js自动完成

浏览数：60 / 时间：2015年06月09日

本来想用jquery的autocomplete的,可是需求有些变化,打算改源码,进了源码发现,改起来要的时间太长了,毕竟不是自己写的,改起来慢,在网上开始大肆搜罗资料,终于找到了类似的

本文转自http://www.cnblogs.com/jaiho/archive/2011/02/28/js_autocomplete.html

完成有以下功能：

输入字符会把以输入字符开头的提示出来。
支持上下方向键选择提示选项，支持循环
支持绑定一个数组提示，支持ajax传递输入框值请求数据。
支持多个选择的dom元素一块绑定数据实现输入提示。各dom元素也可以单独绑定自己的数据实现输入提示，互不影响。
支持中文。

首先是js的核心部分，其各部分都有较详细的说明，代码如下：

; (function (window) {
    /* 插件开始 */
    var autoComplete = function (o) {
        var handler = (function () {
            var handler = function (e, o) { return new handler.prototype.init(e, o); };/* 为每个选择的dom都创建一个相对应的对象，这样选择多个dom时可以很方便地使用 */
            handler.prototype = {
                e: null, o: null, timer: null, show: 0, input: null, popup: null,
                init: function (e, o) {/* 设置初始对象 */
                    this.e = e, this.o = o,
                    this.input = this.e.getElementsByTagName(this.o.input)[0],
                    this.popup = this.e.getElementsByTagName(this.o.popup)[0],
                    this.initEvent();/* 初始化各种事件 */
                },
                match: function (quickExpr, value, source) {/* 生成提示 */
                    var li = null;
                    for (var i in source) {
                        if (value.length > 0 && quickExpr.exec(source[i]) != null) {
                            li = document.createElement(‘li‘);
                            li.innerHTML = ‘<a href="javascript:;">‘ + source[i] + ‘</a>‘;
                            this.popup.appendChild(li);
                        }
                    }
                    if (this.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘).length)
                        this.popup.style.display = ‘block‘;
                    else
                        this.popup.style.display = ‘none‘;
                },
                ajax: function (type, url, quickExpr, search) {/* ajax请求远程数据 */
                    var xhr = window.ActiveXObject ? new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") : new XMLHttpRequest();
                    xhr.open(type, url, true);/* 同异步在此修改 */
                    xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                    var that = this;
                    xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
                        if (xhr.readyState == 4) {
                            if (xhr.status == 200) {
                                var data = eval(xhr.responseText);
                                that.match(quickExpr, search, data);/* 相同于成功的回调函数 */
                            } else {
                                alert("请求页面异常!");/* 请求失败 */
                            }
                        }
                    };
                    xhr.send(null);
                },
                fetch: function (ajax, search, quickExpr) {
                    search = encodeURI(search);/* 解决ie中文乱码 */
                    var that = this;
                    this.ajax(ajax.type, ajax.url + search, quickExpr, search);
                },
                initEvent: function () {/* 各事件的集合 */
                    var that = this;
                    this.input.onfocus = function () {
                        if (this.inputValue) this.value = this.inputValue;
                        var value = this.value, quickExpr = RegExp(‘^‘ + value, ‘i‘), self = this;
                        var els = that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘);
                        if (els.length > 0) that.popup.style.display = ‘block‘;
                        that.timer = setInterval(function () {
                            if (value != self.value) {/* 判断输入内容是否改变，兼容中文 */
                                value = self.value;
                                that.popup.innerHTML = ‘‘;
                                if (value != ‘‘) {
                                    quickExpr = RegExp(‘^‘ + value);
                                    if (that.o.source) that.match(quickExpr, value, that.o.source);
                                    else if (that.o.ajax) that.fetch(that.o.ajax, value, quickExpr);
                                }
                            }
                        }, 200);
                    };
                    this.input.onblur = function () {/*  输入框添加事件 */
                        if (this.value != this.defaultValue) this.inputValue = this.value;
                        clearInterval(that.timer);
                        var current = -1;/* 记住当前有焦点的选项 */
                        var els = that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘);
                        var len = els.length - 1;
                        var aClick = function () {
                            that.input.inputValue = this.firstChild.nodeValue;
                            that.popup.innerHTML = ‘‘;
                            that.popup.style.display = ‘none‘;
                            that.input.focus();
                        };
                        var aFocus = function () {
                            for (var i = len; i >= 0; i--) {
                                if (this.parentNode === that.popup.children[i]) {
                                    current = i;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                            //that.input.value = this.firstChild.nodeValue;
                            for (var k in that.o.elemCSS.focus) {
                                this.style[k] = that.o.elemCSS.focus[k];
                            }
                        };
                        var aBlur = function () {
                            for (var k in that.o.elemCSS.blur)
                                this.style[k] = that.o.elemCSS.blur[k];
                        };
                        var aKeydown = function (event) {
                            event = event || window.event;/* 兼容IE */
                            if (current === len && event.keyCode === 9) {/* tab键时popup隐藏 */
                                that.popup.style.display = ‘none‘;
                            } else if (event.keyCode == 40) {/* 处理上下方向键事件方便选择提示的选项 */
                                current++;
                                if (current < -1) current = len;
                                if (current > len) {
                                    current = -1;
                                    that.input.focus();
                                } else {
                                    that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘)[current].focus();
                                }
                            } else if (event.keyCode == 38) {
                                current--;
                                if (current == -1) {
                                    that.input.focus();
                                } else if (current < -1) {
                                    current = len;
                                    that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘)[current].focus();
                                } else {
                                    that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘)[current].focus();
                                }
                            }
                        };
                        for (var i = 0; i < els.length; i++) {/* 为每个选项添加事件 */
                            els[i].onclick = aClick;
                            els[i].onfocus = aFocus;
                            els[i].onblur = aBlur;
                            els[i].onkeydown = aKeydown;
                        }
                    };
                    this.input.onkeydown = function (event) {
                        event = event || window.event;/* 兼容IE */
                        var els = that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘);
                        if (event.keyCode == 40) {
                            if (els[0]) els[0].focus();
                        } else if (event.keyCode == 38) {
                            if (els[els.length - 1]) els[els.length - 1].focus();
                        } else if (event.keyCode == 9) {
                            if (event.shiftKey == true) that.popup.style.display = ‘none‘;
                        }
                    };
                    this.e.onmouseover = function () { that.show = 1; };
                    this.e.onmouseout = function () { that.show = 0; };
                    addEvent.call(document, ‘click‘, function () {
                        if (that.show == 0) {
                            that.popup.style.display = ‘none‘;
                        }
                    });/* 处理提示框dom元素不支持onblur的情况 */
                }
            };
            handler.prototype.init.prototype = handler.prototype;/* JQuery style，这样我们在处的时候就不用每个dom元素都用new来创建对象了 */
            return handler;/* 把内部的处理函数传到外部 */
        })();
        if (this.length) {/* 处理选择多个dom元素 */
            for (var a = this.length - 1; a >= 0; a--) {/* 调用方法为每个选择的dom生成一个处理对象，使它们不互相影响 */
                handler(this[a], o);
            }
        } else {/* 处理选择一个dom元素 */
            handler(this, o);
        }
        return this;
    };
    return window.autoComplete = autoComplete;/* 暴露方法给全局对象 */
    /* 插件结束 */
})(window);

　　其中了一些全局的自定义函数，如addEvent和在例子中将要用到的getElementsByClassName函数如下：

var getElementsByClassName = function (searchClass, node, tag) {/* 兼容各浏览器的选择class的方法；(写法参考了博客园：http://www.cnblogs.com/rubylouvre/archive/2009/07/24/1529640.html，想了解更多请看这个地址) */
    node = node || document, tag = tag ? tag.toUpperCase() : "*";
    if (document.getElementsByClassName) {/* 支持getElementsByClassName的浏览器 */
        var temp = node.getElementsByClassName(searchClass);
        if (tag == "*") {
            return temp;
        } else {
            var ret = new Array();
            for (var i = 0; i < temp.length; i++)
                if (temp[i].nodeName == tag)
                    ret.push(temp[i]);
            return ret;
        }
    } else {/* 不支持getElementsByClassName的浏览器 */
        var classes = searchClass.split(" "),
            elements = (tag === "*" && node.all) ? node.all : node.getElementsByTagName(tag),
            patterns = [], returnElements = [], current, match;
        var i = classes.length;
        while (--i >= 0)
            patterns.push(new RegExp("(^|\\s)" + classes[i] + "(\\s|$)"));
        var j = elements.length;
        while (--j >= 0) {
            current = elements[j], match = false;
            for (var k = 0, kl = patterns.length; k < kl; k++) {
                match = patterns[k].test(current.className);
                if (!match) break;
            }
            if (match) returnElements.push(current);
        }
        return returnElements;
    }
};
var addEvent = (function () {/* 用此函数添加事件防止事件覆盖 */
    if (document.addEventListener) {
        return function (type, fn) { this.addEventListener(type, fn, false); };
    } else if (document.attachEvent) {
        return function (type, fn) {
            this.attachEvent(‘on‘ + type, function () {
                return fn.call(this, window.event);/* 兼容IE */
            });
        };
    }
})();

　　最后是调用的部分，调用和每个参数的部分都有说明和注意事项，再说一个其中source和ajax参数是二选一，如果二者都写只有source是有用的，调用代码如下：

addEvent.call(null,‘load‘,function(){
    autoComplete.call( getElementsByClassName(‘autoComplete‘), {/* 使用call或apply调用此方法 */
            source:[‘0123‘,‘023‘,123,1234,212,214,‘033333‘,‘0352342‘,1987,17563,20932],/* 提示时在此数组中搜索 */
            //ajax:{ type:‘post‘,url:‘./php/fetch.php?search=‘ },/* 如果使用ajax则返回的数据格式要与source相同，如为字符串"[111,222,333,444]"等形式。*/
            elemCSS:{ focus:{‘color‘:‘#00ff00‘,‘background‘:‘red‘}, blur:{‘color‘:‘#ff0000‘,‘background‘:‘transparent‘} },/* 些对象中的key要js对象中的style属性支持 */
            input:‘input‘,/* 输入框使用input元素 */
            popup:‘ul‘/* 提示框使用ul元素 */
    });
});

　　完整实例:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>autoComplete</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<style type="text/css">
.autoComplete {margin:8px;position:relative;float:left;}
.autoComplete input {width:200px;height:25px;margin:0;padding:0;line-height:25px;}
.autoComplete ul {z-index:-12;padding:0px;margin:0px;border:1px #333 solid;width:200px;background:white;display:none;position:absolute;left:0;top:28px;*margin-left:9px;*margin-top:2px;margin-top:1px\0;}
.autoComplete li {list-style:none;}
.autoComplete li a {display:block;color:#000;text-decoration:none;padding:1px 0 1px 5px;_width:97%;}
.autoComplete li a:hover {color:#000;background:#ccc;border:none;}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
//<![CDATA[
var getElementsByClassName = function (searchClass, node, tag) {/* 兼容各浏览器的选择class的方法；(写法参考了博客园：http://www.cnblogs.com/rubylouvre/archive/2009/07/24/1529640.html，想了解更多请看这个地址) */
    node = node || document, tag = tag ? tag.toUpperCase() : "*";
    if(document.getElementsByClassName){/* 支持getElementsByClassName的浏览器 */
        var temp = node.getElementsByClassName(searchClass);
        if(tag=="*"){
            return temp;
        } else {
            var ret = new Array();
            for(var i=0; i<temp.length; i++)
                if(temp[i].nodeName==tag)
                    ret.push(temp[i]);
            return ret;
        }
    }else{/* 不支持getElementsByClassName的浏览器 */
        var classes = searchClass.split(" "),
            elements = (tag === "*" && node.all)? node.all : node.getElementsByTagName(tag),
            patterns = [], returnElements = [], current, match;
        var i = classes.length;
        while(--i >= 0)
            patterns.push(new RegExp("(^|\\s)" + classes[i] + "(\\s|$)"));
        var j = elements.length;
        while(--j >= 0){
            current = elements[j], match = false;
            for(var k=0, kl=patterns.length; k<kl; k++){
                match = patterns[k].test(current.className);
                if(!match) break;
            }
            if(match) returnElements.push(current);
        }
        return returnElements;
    }
};
var addEvent=(function(){/* 用此函数添加事件防止事件覆盖 */
    if(document.addEventListener){
        return function(type, fn){ this.addEventListener(type, fn, false); };
    }else if(document.attachEvent){
        return function(type,fn){
            this.attachEvent(‘on‘+type, function () {
                return fn.call(this, window.event);/* 兼容IE */
            });
        };
    }
})();
;(function(window){
/* 插件开始 */
var autoComplete=function(o){
    var handler=(function(){
        var handler=function(e,o){ return new handler.prototype.init(e,o); };/* 为每个选择的dom都创建一个相对应的对象，这样选择多个dom时可以很方便地使用 */
        handler.prototype={
            e:null, o:null, timer:null, show:0, input:null, popup:null,
            init:function(e,o){/* 设置初始对象 */
                this.e=e, this.o=o,
                this.input=this.e.getElementsByTagName(this.o.input)[0],
                this.popup=this.e.getElementsByTagName(this.o.popup)[0],
                this.initEvent();/* 初始化各种事件 */
            },
            match:function(quickExpr,value,source){/* 生成提示 */
                var li = null;
                for(var i in source){
                    if( value.length>0 && quickExpr.exec(source[i])!=null ){
                        li = document.createElement(‘li‘);
                        li.innerHTML = ‘<a href="javascript:;">‘+source[i]+‘</a>‘;
                        this.popup.appendChild(li);
                    }
                }
                if(this.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘).length)
                    this.popup.style.display=‘block‘;
                else
                    this.popup.style.display=‘none‘;
            },
            ajax:function(type,url,quickExpr,search){/* ajax请求远程数据 */
                var xhr = window.ActiveXObject ? new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") : new XMLHttpRequest();
                xhr.open(type,url,true);/* 同异步在此修改 */
                xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                var that=this;
                xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
                    if(xhr.readyState==4) {
                        if(xhr.status==200) {
                            var data = eval(xhr.responseText);
                            that.match(quickExpr,search,data);/* 相同于成功的回调函数 */
                        }else{
                            alert("请求页面异常!");/* 请求失败 */
                        }
                    }
                };
                xhr.send(null);
            },
            fetch:function(ajax,search,quickExpr){
                var that=this;
                this.ajax(ajax.type,ajax.url+search,quickExpr,search);
            },
            initEvent:function(){/* 各事件的集合 */
                var that=this;
                this.input.onfocus = function(){
                    if(this.inputValue) this.value = this.inputValue;
                    var value=this.value, quickExpr=RegExp(‘^‘+value,‘i‘), self=this;
                    var els = that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘);
                    if(els.length>0) that.popup.style.display = ‘block‘;
                    that.timer=setInterval(function(){
                        if(value!=self.value){/* 判断输入内容是否改变，兼容中文 */
                            value=self.value;
                            that.popup.innerHTML=‘‘;
                            if(value!=‘‘){
                                quickExpr=RegExp(‘^‘+value);
                                if(that.o.source) that.match(quickExpr,value,that.o.source);
                                else if(that.o.ajax) that.fetch(that.o.ajax,value,quickExpr);
                            }
                        }
                    },200);
                };
                this.input.onblur = function(){/*  输入框添加事件 */
                    if(this.value!=this.defaultValue) this.inputValue = this.value;
                    clearInterval(that.timer);
                    var current=-1;/* 记住当前有焦点的选项 */
                    var els = that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘);
                    var len = els.length-1;
                    var aClick = function(){
                        that.input.inputValue = this.firstChild.nodeValue;
                        that.popup.innerHTML=‘‘;
                        that.popup.style.display=‘none‘;
                        that.input.focus();
                    };
                    var aFocus = function(){
                        for(var i=len; i>=0; i--){
                            if(this.parentNode===that.popup.children[i]){
                                current = i;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        //that.input.value = this.firstChild.nodeValue;
                        for(var k in that.o.elemCSS.focus){
                            this.style[k] = that.o.elemCSS.focus[k];
                        }
                    };
                    var aBlur= function(){
                        for(var k in that.o.elemCSS.blur)
                            this.style[k] = that.o.elemCSS.blur[k];
                    };
                    var aKeydown = function(event){
                        event = event || window.event;/* 兼容IE */
                        if(current === len && event.keyCode===9){/* tab键时popup隐藏 */
                            that.popup.style.display = ‘none‘;
                        }else if(event.keyCode==40){/* 处理上下方向键事件方便选择提示的选项 */
                            current++;
                            if(current<-1) current=len;
                            if(current>len){
                                current=-1;
                                that.input.focus();
                            }else{
                                that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘)[current].focus();
                            }
                        }else if(event.keyCode==38){
                            current--;
                            if(current==-1){
                                that.input.focus();
                            }else if(current<-1){
                                current = len;
                                that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘)[current].focus();
                            }else{
                                that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘)[current].focus();
                            }
                        }
                    };
                    for(var i=0; i<els.length; i++){/* 为每个选项添加事件 */
                        els[i].onclick = aClick;
                        els[i].onfocus = aFocus;
                        els[i].onblur = aBlur;
                        els[i].onkeydown = aKeydown;
                    }
                };
                this.input.onkeydown = function(event){
                    event = event || window.event;/* 兼容IE */
                    var els = that.popup.getElementsByTagName(‘a‘);
                    if(event.keyCode==40){
                        if(els[0]) els[0].focus();
                    }else if(event.keyCode==38){
                        if(els[els.length-1]) els[els.length-1].focus();
                    }else if(event.keyCode==9){
                        if(event.shiftKey==true) that.popup.style.display = ‘none‘;
                    }
                };
                this.e.onmouseover = function(){ that.show=1; };
                this.e.onmouseout = function(){ that.show=0; };
                addEvent.call(document,‘click‘,function(){
                    if(that.show==0){
                        that.popup.style.display=‘none‘;
                    }
                });/* 处理提示框dom元素不支持onblur的情况 */
            }
        };
        handler.prototype.init.prototype=handler.prototype;/* JQuery style，这样我们在处的时候就不用每个dom元素都用new来创建对象了 */
        return handler;/* 把内部的处理函数传到外部 */
    })();
    if(this.length){/* 处理选择多个dom元素 */
        for(var a=this.length-1; a>=0; a--){/* 调用方法为每个选择的dom生成一个处理对象，使它们不互相影响 */
            handler(this[a],o);
        }
    }else{/* 处理选择一个dom元素 */
        handler(this,o);
    }
    return this;
};
return window.autoComplete = autoComplete;/* 暴露方法给全局对象 */
/* 插件结束 */
})(window);
/* 调用 */
addEvent.call(null,‘load‘,function(){
    autoComplete.call( getElementsByClassName(‘autoComplete‘), {/* 使用call或apply调用此方法 */
            source:[‘0123‘,‘023‘,123,1234,212,214,‘033333‘,‘0352342‘,1987,17563,20932],/* 提示时在此数组中搜索 */
            //ajax:{ type:‘post‘,url:‘./php/fetch.php?search=‘ },/* 如果使用ajax则远程返回的数据格式要与source相同 */
            elemCSS:{ focus:{‘color‘:‘black‘,‘background‘:‘#ccc‘}, blur:{‘color‘:‘black‘,‘background‘:‘transparent‘} },/* 些对象中的key要js对象中的style属性支持 */
            input:‘input‘,/* 输入框使用input元素 */
            popup:‘ul‘/* 提示框使用ul元素 */
    });
});
//]]>
</script>
    </head>
    <body><!-- 这所以使用这么多的z-index是因为ie6和ie7的问题 -->
        <div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:19"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:18"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:17"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:16"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:15"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:14"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:13"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:12"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:11"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:10"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:9"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:8"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:7"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:6"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:5"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:4"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:3"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:2"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:1"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div class="autoComplete" style="z-index:0"> <input value="input" /> <ul><li></li></ul> </div>
        <div style="clear:both;"></div>
        </div>
        <div style="border:3px red double;margin:15px;padding:5px;">
            <h3 style="line-height:10px;">Tip:</h3>
            <ul>
                <li>输入0、1，2会得到提示。</li>
                <li>用鼠标或上下键可以选择提示。</li>
                <li>选择点击鼠标或点回车可以选择选项。</li>
                <li>可以修改调用处，使各个输入框提示不同内容。</li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>