【AngularJS】—— 2 初识AngularJs(续)

前一篇了解了AngularJS的一些简单的使用,这里继续跟着w3c学习一下剩下的内容。

  本篇根据w3cschool.cc继续学习AngularJS剩余的内容,包括:

  1 事件

  2 模块

  3 表单

  4 数据验证

  5 bootstrap CSS风格

  6 include包含其他页面

  7 应用程序

  8 参考手册

  

  首先看一下html的事件

  关于html的事件,文中给出了三个例子,点击、隐藏、显示。使用方法基本相同:

  先看一下点击的例子,点击按钮后,会触发ng-click内的方法,进行累计加一:

<div ng-app="" ng-controller="myController">
<button ng-click="count = count + 1">点我!</button>
<p>{{ count }}</p>
</div>

  对于ng-hide和ng-show原理相同,都是指定一个bool值,true或false。

  初始的时候myVar的值为false,因此并不隐藏,每次点击myVar都会改变为相反的值,达到现实隐藏的效果。

<div ng-app="" ng-controller="personController">

<button ng-click="toggle()">隐藏/显示</button>

<p ng-hide="myVar">
名: <input type="text" ng-model="person.firstName"><br>
姓: <input type="text" ng-model="person.lastName"><br>
<br>
姓名: {{person.firstName + " " + person.lastName}}
</p>

</div>

<script>
function personController($scope) {
    $scope.person = {
        firstName: "John",
        lastName: "Doe"
    };
    $scope.myVar = false;
    $scope.toggle = function() {
        $scope.myVar = !$scope.myVar;
    };
}
</script>

  ng-show使用方法也相同

<div ng-app="" ng-controller="personController">

<button ng-click="toggle()">隐藏/显示</button>

<p ng-show="myVar">
名: <input type="text" ng-model="person.firstName"><br>
姓: <input type="text" ng-model="person.lastName"><br>
<br>
姓名: {{person.firstName + " " + person.lastName}}
</p>

</div>

<script>
function personController($scope) {
    $scope.person = {
        firstName: "John",
        lastName: "Doe"
    };
    $scope.myVar = true;
    $scope.toggle = function() {
        $scope.myVar = !$scope.myVar;
    };
}
</script>

 

  关于AngularJS的模块

  模块定义了用户的应用,所有的控制器属于一个模块。之前使用的ng-app就是模块的定义。

  例如下面的代码,定义了一个应用程序的模块myApp,并定义了一个控制器myCtrl:

<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
{{ firstName + " " + lastName }}
</div>

<script src="//www.w3cschool.cc/try/angularjs/1.2.5/angular.min.js"></script>

<script src="myApp.js"></script>
<script src="myCtrl.js"></script>

</body>

  对于控制器,也可以通过模块来定义声明:

<head>
<script src="//www.w3cschool.cc/try/angularjs/1.2.5/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>

<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
{{ firstName + " " + lastName }}
</div>

<script>
var app = angular.module("myApp", []);

app.controller("myCtrl", function($scope) {
    $scope.firstName = "John";
    $scope.lastName = "Doe";
});
</script>

</body>

  不过要提前加载angularjs的脚本,这样再script中 angular.module才可以使用。或者在这句话的前面加载js。

 

  关于AngularJS表单

  表单是web中重要的组成部分,如下面样例所示,可以很方便的获取到form中的数据

<div ng-app="" ng-controller="formController">
  <form novalidate>
    First Name:<br>
    <input type="text" ng-model="user.firstName"><br>
    Last Name:<br>
    <input type="text" ng-model="user.lastName">
    <br><br>
    <button ng-click="reset()">RESET</button>
  </form>
  <p>form = {{user}}</p>
  <p>master = {{master}}</p>
</div>

<script>
function formController ($scope) {
    $scope.master = {firstName: "John", lastName: "Doe"};
    $scope.reset = function() {
        $scope.user = angular.copy($scope.master);
    };
    $scope.reset();
};
</script>

 

  关于验证

  AngularJS提供了很多验证机制,例如邮箱等。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html> 

<body>
<h2>Validation Example</h2>

<form  ng-app=""  ng-controller="validateCtrl"
name="myForm" novalidate>

<p>Username:<br>
  <input type="text" name="user" ng-model="user" required>
  <span style="color:red" ng-show="myForm.user.$dirty && myForm.user.$invalid">
  <span ng-show="myForm.user.$error.required">Username is required.</span>
  </span>
</p>

<p>Email:<br>
  <input type="email" name="email" ng-model="email" required>
  <span style="color:red" ng-show="myForm.email.$dirty && myForm.email.$invalid">
  <span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.required">Email is required.</span>
  <span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.email">Invalid email address.</span>
  </span>
</p>

<p>
  <input type="submit"
  ng-disabled="myForm.user.$dirty && myForm.user.$invalid ||
  myForm.email.$dirty && myForm.email.$invalid">
</p>

</form>

<script src="//apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.2.15/angular.min.js"></script>
<script>
function validateCtrl($scope) {
    $scope.user = ‘John Doe‘;
    $scope.email = ‘[email protected];
}
</script>

</body>
</html>

  可以通过.$dirty   .$invalid来验证。

 

  添加bootstrap样式

  可以首先加载bootstrap css文件

<link rel="stylesheet" href="//apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">

  样例代码参考:

技术分享
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html ang-app="">
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
</head>

<body ng-controller="userController">
<div class="container">

<h3>Users</h3>

<table class="table table-striped">
  <thead><tr>
    <th>Edit</th>
    <th>First Name</th>
    <th>Last Name</th>
  </tr></thead>
  <tbody><tr ng-repeat="user in users">
    <td>
      <button class="btn" ng-click="editUser(user.id)">
      <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;Edit
      </button>
    </td>
    <td>{{ user.fName }}</td>
    <td>{{ user.lName }}</td>
  </tr></tbody>
</table>

<hr>
<button class="btn btn-success" ng-click="editUser(‘new‘)">
  <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> Create New User
</button>
<hr>

<h3 ng-show="edit">Create New User:</h3>
<h3 ng-hide="edit">Edit User:</h3>

<form class="form-horizontal">
<div class="form-group">
  <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">First Name:</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="text" ng-model="fName" ng-disabled="!edit" placeholder="First Name">
  </div>
</div> 
<div class="form-group">
  <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">Last Name:</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="text" ng-model="lName" ng-disabled="!edit" placeholder="Last Name">
  </div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
  <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">Password:</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="password" ng-model="passw1" placeholder="Password">
  </div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
  <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">Repeat:</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="password" ng-model="passw2" placeholder="Repeat Password">
  </div>
</div>
</form>

<hr>
<button class="btn btn-success" ng-disabled="error || incomplete">
  <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-save"></span> Save Changes
</button>
</div>

<script src = "http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.2.15/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src = "myUsers.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
View Code

 

  关于include包含其他html

  可以通过ng-include来包含其他的web页面:

<body>
<div class="container">
  <div ng-include="‘myUsers_List.htm‘"></div>
  <div ng-include="‘myUsers_Form.htm‘"></div>
</div>
</body>

 

  关于应用程序

  创建AngularJS应用程序

<div ng-app="myTodoApp" ng-controller="myTodoCtrl">

<h2>我的笔记</h2>

<p><textarea ng-model="message" cols="40" rows="10"></textarea></p>

<p>
<button ng-click="save()">保存</button>
<button ng-click="clear()">清除</button>
</p>

<p>剩下的字符数:<span ng-bind="left()"></span></p>

</div>

<script src="myTodoApp.js"></script>
<script src="myTodoCtrl.js"></script>

 

  最后是Angular的指定 过滤器参考

  ng_app 定义应用程序

  ng_bind 绑定数据

  ng_click 定义元素单击行为

  ng_controller 定义控制器对象

  ng_disabled 定义html标签可用

  ng_init 初始化数据

  ng_model 绑定应用程序数据

  ng_repeat 实现循环

  ng_show 显示html标签

 

  currency 转换成货币

  filter 从数组中选择一个子集

  lowercase 格式化字符串为小写

  uppercase 格式化字符串为大写

  orderBy 排序

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