web.xml之<context-param>与<init-param>的区别与作用
<context-param>的作用:
web.xml的配置中<context-param>配置作用
1. 启动一个WEB项目的时候,容器(如:Tomcat)会去读它的配置文件web.xml.读两个节点: <listener></listener> 和 <context-param></context-param>
context-param的值 = ServletContext.getInitParameter("context-param的键");
换句话说,这个时候,你对<context-param>中的键值做的操作,将在你的WEB项目完全启动之前被执行.
那么这里就可以在<context-param>中设置数据库的连接方式,在监听类中初始化数据库的连接.
<!-- 加载spring的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml,/WEB-INF/action-servlet.xml,/WEB-
INF/jason-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
又如: --->自定义context-param,且自定义listener来获取这些信息
<context-param> <param-name>urlrewrite</param-name> <param-value>false</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>cluster</param-name> <param-value>false</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>servletmapping</param-name> <param-value>*.bbscs</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>poststoragemode</param-name> <param-value>1</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>com.laoer.bbscs.web.servlet.SysListener</listener-class> </listener>
public class SysListener extends HttpServlet implements ServletContextListener {
private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SysListener.class);
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
//用于在容器关闭时,操作
}
//用于在容器开启时,操作
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
String rootpath = sce.getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
System.out.println("-------------rootPath:"+rootpath);
if (rootpath != null) {
rootpath = rootpath.replaceAll("\\\\", "/");
} else {
rootpath = "/";
}
if (!rootpath.endsWith("/")) {
rootpath = rootpath + "/";
}
Constant.ROOTPATH = rootpath;
logger.info("Application Run Path:" + rootpath);
String urlrewrtie = sce.getServletContext().getInitParameter("urlrewrite");
boolean burlrewrtie = false;
if (urlrewrtie != null) {
burlrewrtie = Boolean.parseBoolean(urlrewrtie);
}
Constant.USE_URL_REWRITE = burlrewrtie;
logger.info("Use Urlrewrite:" + burlrewrtie);
其它略之....
}
}
/*最终输出
-------------rootPath:D:\tomcat_bbs\webapps\BBSCS_8_0_3\
2009-06-09 21:51:46,526 [com.laoer.bbscs.web.servlet.SysListener]-[INFO]
2009-06-09 21:51:46,526 [com.laoer.bbscs.web.servlet.SysListener]-[INFO]
2009-06-09 21:51:46,526 [com.laoer.bbscs.web.servlet.SysListener]-[INFO]
2009-06-09 21:51:46,526 [com.laoer.bbscs.web.servlet.SysListener]-[INFO]
2009-06-09 21:51:46,573 [com.laoer.bbscs.web.servlet.SysListener]-[INFO]
*/
context-param和init-param区别
web.xml里面可以定义两种参数:
(1)application范围内的参数,存放在servletcontext中,在web.xml中配置如下:
<context-param> <param-name>context/param</param-name> <param-value>avalible during application</param-value> </context-param>
(2)servlet范围内的参数,只能在servlet的init()方法中取得,在web.xml中配置如下:
<servlet> <servlet-name>MainServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.wes.controller.MainServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>param1</param-name> <param-value>avalible in servlet init()</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup> </servlet>
在servlet中可以通过代码分别取用:
package com.wes.controller;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
public class MainServlet extends HttpServlet ...{
public MainServlet() ...{
super();
}
public void init() throws ServletException ...{
System.out.println("下面的两个参数param1是在servlet中存放的");
System.out.println(this.getInitParameter("param1"));
System.out.println("下面的参数是存放在servletcontext中的");
System.out.println(getServletContext().getInitParameter("context/param"));
}
}
第一种参数在servlet里面可以通过getServletContext().getInitParameter("context/param")得到
第二种参数只能在servlet的init()方法中通过this.getInitParameter("param1")取得.
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