《安卓网络编程》之第三篇 使用Apache接口

在Android系统中,提供了一下三种通信接口:

  •  标准的Java 接口:java.net
  • Apache接口:org.apache.http
  • Android网络接口:android.net.http

在android系统中,包含了Apache HttpClient库,此库为执行Android中的网络操作之首选方法。

Apache应用基础

联网流程

  在Android系统中,可以采用HttpPost和HttpGet来封装Post请求和Get请求,然后再使用HttpClient的excute()方法发送Post或者get请求来返回服务器的响应数据。使用Apache联网的基本流程如下:

  1. 设置连接和读取超时时间,并建立HttpClient对象
  2. 实现Get请求
  3. 实现Post发送请求处理
  4. 使用Response响应请求

这样,使用Apache实现联网处理数据交互的过程就完成了,无论多么复杂的项目,都必须遵循上面的流程。

下面是一个运行在安卓上的工程实例:

 

  1 package irdc.httpSHI;
  2 
  3 
  4 /*必需引用apache.http相关类来建立HTTP联机*/
  5 import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; 
  6 import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; 
  7 import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException; 
  8 import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; 
  9 import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
 10 import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; 
 11 import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; 
 12 import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; 
 13 import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP; 
 14 import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; 
 15 /*必需引用java.io 与java.util相关类?来读写档案*/
 16 import irdc.httpSHI.R;
 17 
 18 import java.io.IOException; 
 19 import java.util.ArrayList; 
 20 import java.util.List; 
 21 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 22 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 23 
 24 import android.app.Activity; 
 25 import android.os.Bundle; 
 26 import android.view.View; 
 27 import android.widget.Button; 
 28 import android.widget.TextView; 
 29 
 30 public class httpSHI extends Activity 
 31 { 
 32   /*宣╳两个Button物件,与几个TextView物件*/
 33   private Button mButton1,mButton2; 
 34   private TextView mTextView1; 
 35    
 36   /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
 37   @Override 
 38   public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
 39   { 
 40     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
 41     setContentView(R.layout.main); 
 42      
 43     /*透过findViewById建构巳建立TextView与Button对象*/ 
 44     mButton1 =(Button) findViewById(R.id.myButton1); 
 45     mButton2 =(Button) findViewById(R.id.myButton2);
 46     mTextView1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.myTextView1); 
 47      
 48     mButton1.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() 
 49     { 
 50   
 51       @Override 
 52       public void onClick(View v) 
 53       { 
 54    
 55         String uriAPI = "http://www.baidu.com";
 56         /*建立HTTP Post联机*/
 57         HttpPost httpRequest = new HttpPost(uriAPI); 
 58         /*
 59          * Post传送变量必须用NameValuePair[]存储
 60         */
 61         List <NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>(); 
 62         params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("str", "I am Post String")); 
 63         try 
 64         { 
 65           /*发叨HTTP request*/
 66           httpRequest.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8)); 
 67           /*取得HTTP response*/
 68           HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpRequest); 
 69           /*若状态码为200*/
 70           if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)  
 71           { 
 72             /*获取字符串*/
 73             String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity()); 
 74             mTextView1.setText(strResult); 
 75           } 
 76           else 
 77           { 
 78             mTextView1.setText("Error Response: "+httpResponse.getStatusLine().toString()); 
 79           } 
 80         } 
 81         catch (ClientProtocolException e) 
 82         {  
 83           mTextView1.setText(e.getMessage().toString()); 
 84           e.printStackTrace(); 
 85         } 
 86         catch (IOException e) 
 87         {  
 88           mTextView1.setText(e.getMessage().toString()); 
 89           e.printStackTrace(); 
 90         } 
 91         catch (Exception e) 
 92         {  
 93           mTextView1.setText(e.getMessage().toString()); 
 94           e.printStackTrace();  
 95         }  
 96          
 97       } 
 98     }); 
 99     mButton2.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() 
100     { 
101       @Override 
102       public void onClick(View v) 
103       { 
104         // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
105         String uriAPI = "http://www.baidu.com/str=I+am+Get+String"; 
106         /*建立HTTP Get联机*/
107         HttpGet httpRequest = new HttpGet(uriAPI); 
108         try 
109         { 
110           /*发送获取的HTTP request*/
111           HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpRequest); 
112           /*若状态码为200*/
113           if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)  
114           { 
115             /*取叨并应?串*/
116             String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
117             strResult = eregi_replace("(\r\n|\r|\n|\n\r)","",strResult);
118             mTextView1.setText(strResult); 
119           } 
120           else 
121           { 
122             mTextView1.setText("Error Response: "+httpResponse.getStatusLine().toString()); 
123           } 
124         } 
125         catch (ClientProtocolException e) 
126         {  
127           mTextView1.setText(e.getMessage().toString()); 
128           e.printStackTrace(); 
129         } 
130         catch (IOException e) 
131         {  
132           mTextView1.setText(e.getMessage().toString()); 
133           e.printStackTrace(); 
134         } 
135         catch (Exception e) 
136         {  
137           mTextView1.setText(e.getMessage().toString()); 
138           e.printStackTrace();  
139         }  
140       } 
141     }); 
142   }
143     public String eregi_replace(String strFrom, String strTo, String strTarget)
144     {
145       String strPattern = "(?i)"+strFrom;
146       Pattern p = Pattern.compile(strPattern);
147       Matcher m = p.matcher(strTarget);
148       if(m.find())
149       {
150         return strTarget.replaceAll(strFrom, strTo);
151       }
152       else
153       {
154         return strTarget;
155       }
156     }
157 } 

 

实现了post和get俩种方式联网。

xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout 
  xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
  android:background="@drawable/white" 
  android:orientation="vertical" 
  android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
  android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
  > 
  <TextView 
    android:id="@+id/myTextView1" 
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
    android:text="@string/title"/> 
  <Button 
    android:id="@+id/myButton1" 
    android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/str_button1" /> 
    <Button 
    android:id="@+id/myButton2" 
    android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/str_button2" />    
</LinearLayout> 

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