nagios监控ESXi硬件

普通的服务器硬件监控我们可以通过nagios+openmanage来实现，但是vsphere环境中的Esxi主机的硬件监控怎么实现呢？

这里有两种方案：

1.通过nagios插件check_esx来实现，这种方式需要安装vmware vsphere sdk for perl工具包

2.通过nagios插件check_esxi_hardware.py来实现，此插件使用python写的。

感人感觉第二种方式比较简单些，python在linux天生内置，还需要更多理由吗？

先看看官网介绍：

http://www.claudiokuenzler.com/nagios-plugins/check_esxi_hardware.php#.VWV5_JCUfTA

其中：

Requirements
- Python must be installed
- The Python extension pywbem must be installed 
Windows users click here for a step-by-step guide how to install Python and PyWBEM on a Windows server.
- If there is a firewall between your monitoring and ESXi server, open ports 443 and 5989

以上是实现监控的先决条件：

1.python必须安装

2.python的扩展包pywbem必须安装

3.你的Esxi主机的443，5989端口必须对nagios监控端开放

好了，下面就赶紧实施吧！

1.安装check_essi_hardware.py

cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec
wget http://www.claudiokuenzler.com/nagios-plugins/check_esxi_hardware.py
chown nagios.nagios check_esxi_hardware.py
chmod 755 check_esxi_hardware.py

安装完成后，我们来查看下这个插件都有什么参数：

[root@nagios libexec]# ./check_esxi_hardware.py 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./check_esxi_hardware.py", line 222, in <module>
    import pywbem
ImportError: No module named pywbem
[root@nagios libexec]# ./check_esxi_hardware.py -h
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./check_esxi_hardware.py", line 222, in <module>
    import pywbem
ImportError: No module named pywbem

哦，原来pywbem模块没有安装，那就赶紧装下吧。

2.安装python的第三方模块

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pywbem/pywbem/pywbem-0.7/pywbem-0.7.0.tar.gz?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fpywbem%2Ffiles%2Fpywbem%2F&ts=1299742557&use_mirror=voxel
tar -zxvf  pywbem-0.7.0.tar.gz
cd pywbem-0.7.0
python setup.py build
python setup.py install --record files.txt

注意：(1).不要使用pywbem-0.8.0版本，这个版本有bug导致我们的插件无法使用

    (2).python setup.py install --record files.txt 记录安装目录的目的就是为了方便卸载插件，cat files.txt | xargs rm -rf

3.使用插件

[root@nagios libexec]# ./check_esxi_hardware.py 
no parameters specified

Usage: check_esxi_hardware.py  https://hostname user password system [verbose]
example: check_esxi_hardware.py https://my-shiny-new-vmware-server root fakepassword dell

or, using new style options:

usage: check_esxi_hardware.py -H hostname -U username -P password [-V system -v -p -I XX]
example: check_esxi_hardware.py -H my-shiny-new-vmware-server -U root -P fakepassword -V auto -I uk

or, verbosely:

usage: check_esxi_hardware.py --host=hostname --user=username --pass=password [--vendor=system --verbose --perfdata --html=XX]


Options:
  --version             show program's version number and exit
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit

  Mandatory parameters:
    -H HOST, --host=HOST
                        report on HOST
    -U USER, --user=USER
                        user to connect as
    -P PASS, --pass=PASS
                        password, if password matches file:<path>, first line
                        of given file will be used as password

  Optional parameters:
    -V VENDOR, --vendor=VENDOR
                        Vendor code: auto, dell, hp, ibm, intel, or unknown
                        (default)
    -v, --verbose       print status messages to stdout (default is to be
                        quiet)
    -p, --perfdata      collect performance data for pnp4nagios (default is
                        not to)
    -I XX, --html=XX    generate html links for country XX (default is not to)
    -t TIMEOUT, --timeout=TIMEOUT
                        timeout in seconds - no effect on Windows (default =
                        no timeout)
    -i IGNORE, --ignore=IGNORE
                        comma-separated list of elements to ignore
    --no-power          don't collect power performance data
    --no-volts          don't collect voltage performance data
    --no-current        don't collect current performance data
    --no-temp           don't collect temperature performance data
    --no-fan            don't collect fan performance data

其中-U 用户名 -P 密码 -V服务器类型，有dell，hp等，根据实际情况-v 打印状态信息-p结合画图工具画图

-I 输出链接到dell或其他官网，方面找解决方案-t超时时间-i 忽略某项监控内容

--no-power 不采集电源信息，以下雷同。

4.给Esxi主机设置只读用户

（1）先登录Esxi主机，在“本地用户和组”标签中，空白处右键“添加”，即可添加用户。

（2）将nagios用户设置成“只读角色”。在“权限”标签中，空白处右键“添加权限”，然后按下图操作

ok,只读用户nagios就添加完毕。

5.测试

[root@nagios libexec]# ./check_esxi_hardware.py -H 10.10.10.1 -U nagios -P nagios -V dell 
UNKNOWN: Authentication Error

解决方案：

ssh登陆Esxi主机，编辑如下

~ # cat /etc/security/access.conf 
# This file is autogenerated and must not be edited.

+:dcui:ALL
+:root:ALL
+:vpxuser:ALL
+:vslauser:ALL
-:nagios:ALL
-:ALL:ALL

将“-:nagios:ALL”去掉，在第二行加上“+:nagios:sfcb”

这种方式适合在不经常添加用户的情况下使用，只改一次即可；但是经常加用户可能会导致access.conf变化，需要设置计划任务添加“+:nagios:sfcb”

再测试下：

[root@nagios libexec]# ./check_esxi_hardware.py -H 10.10.10.1 -U nagios -P nagios -V dell 
OK - Server: Dell Inc. PowerEdge R610 s/n: XXXXXX System BIOS: XXXXXXXXXXX

6.下面将将其加入到监控系统中吧。

（1）先在commands.cfg中添加命令。

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
define command {
    command_name check_esxi_hardware
    command_line $USER1$/check_esxi_hardware.py -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -U $ARG1$ -P $ARG2$ -V $ARG3$ -I isolutions -p -t 20  
}

define service{
    use                     local-service,srv-pnp
    host_name               test
    service_description     esxi_health
    check_command           check_esxi_hardware!nagios!nagios!dell
    service_groups          hardware_health
    notifications_enabled   1   
    }   

service nagios reload

(3)监控效果图

其中href中的链接就是我们在check_esxi_hardware.py中-I参数生成，方便我们直接查找解决方案。