Android使用MultipartEntityBuilder实现类似form表单提交方式的文件上传
最近在做 Android 端文件上传,要求采用 form 表单的方式提交,项目使用的 afinal 框架有文件上传功能,但是始终无法与php写的服务端对接上,无法上传成功。读源码发现:afinal 使用了某大神写的 MultipartEntity.java 生成 form 表单内容,然而生成的内容格式不够标准,而且还存在诸多问题,如:首先将所有文件读入到内存,再生成字节流写入到 socket。那么问题来了:如果是几百MB的文件怎么办?
几番搜索,受到 这篇文章(已被我转载,但是示例代码已过期)的启发,我辗转找到了 Apache 源码 httpcomponents-client-4.3.6-src.zip,在一个示例里面发现了一个重要的组件 MultipartEntityBuilder, 可以生成 form 表单格式的 HttpEntity, 有了 HttpEntity, 无论你是什么 http 框架,应该都可以使用。
不知道怎么使用?like this:
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url); ... httppost.setEntity(makeMultipartEntity(params, files)); HttpResponse response = getHttpClient().execute(httppost); ... private static HttpClient mClient; private static HttpClient getHttpClient() { if(mClient == null) { //if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 9); //将不走本类的Case,基于HttpURLConnection if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 8) { mClient = AndroidHttpClient.newInstance(getUserAgent()); }else { mClient = new DefaultHttpClient(); } } return mClient; }
MultipartEntityBuilder 用法整理如下:
需要用到 httpcomponents-client-4.3.6-bin.zip 中的 httpmime-4.3.6.jar 和 httpcore-4.3.3.jar
public static HttpEntity makeMultipartEntity(List<NameValuePair> params, final Map<String, File> files) { MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE); //如果有SocketTimeoutException等情况,可修改这个枚举 //builder.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8")); //不要用这个,会导致服务端接收不到参数 if (params != null && params.size() > 0) { for (NameValuePair p : params) { builder.addTextBody(p.getName(), p.getValue(), ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN.withCharset("UTF-8")); } } if (files != null && files.size() > 0) { Set<Entry<String, File>> entries = files.entrySet(); for (Entry<String, File> entry : entries) { builder.addPart(entry.getKey(), new FileBody(entry.getValue())); } } return builder.build(); }
另附上 Apache 示例,可在 httpcomponents-client-4.3.6-bin.zip 中找到。
/* * ==================================================================== * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file * distributed with this work for additional information * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, * software distributed under the License is distributed on an * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the * specific language governing permissions and limitations * under the License. * ==================================================================== * * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation. For more * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see * <http://www.apache.org/>. * */ package org.apache.http.examples.entity.mime; import java.io.File; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; /** * Example how to use multipart/form encoded POST request. */ public class ClientMultipartFormPost { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { if (args.length != 1) { System.out.println("File path not given"); System.exit(1); } CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); try { HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080" + "/servlets-examples/servlet/RequestInfoExample"); FileBody bin = new FileBody(new File(args[0])); StringBody comment = new StringBody("A binary file of some kind", ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN); HttpEntity reqEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create() .addPart("bin", bin) .addPart("comment", comment) .build(); httppost.setEntity(reqEntity); System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getRequestLine()); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost); try { System.out.println("----------------------------------------"); System.out.println(response.getStatusLine()); HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity(); if (resEntity != null) { System.out.println("Response content length: " + resEntity.getContentLength()); } EntityUtils.consume(resEntity); } finally { response.close(); } } finally { httpclient.close(); } } }
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