iOS-MVC设计模式
iOS-MVC设计模式
MVC的设计模式就本质就时把类的功能进行分类设计,斯坦福大学的老头子在iOS课程中说过,View不关心数据实体,view通过代理通知Controller自己被操作了,让Controller来决定程序的运行,如逻辑跳转或者页面跳转;Model不关心UI,Model负责数据实体的管理如从网络上获取数据实体,一般设计为单例模式,对数据实体的增加删除修改,而这些操作Model通过通知中心通知Controller,Controller通过监听对应的通知来调用对应的操作方法来在主线程更新UI。View和Model不能直接通信。它们都通过Controller来实现通信,Controller就相当于View和Model的桥梁。
简单的MVC设计如下:(代码有注释)
Model的设计:
model头文件:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> extern NSString *const entityAddNotification; extern NSString *const entityDeleteNotification; @interface ModelInstance : NSObject +(ModelInstance *)sharedObject; -(void)addDataEntity:(id)entity; -(void)removeDataEntity:(id)entity; @end
model实现文件:
#import "ModelInstance.h" //MVC中model层改变时的通知常量,通过通知中心通知MVC中的Controller层 extern NSString *const entityAddNotification=@"addNotification"; extern NSString *const entityDeleteNotification=@"deleteNotification"; static ModelInstance *_shareObject; @implementation ModelInstance{ NSMutableArray *dataQueue; } +(ModelInstance *)sharedObject{ if (_shareObject == nil)//保证静态_shareObject指针只被初始化一次 _shareObject = [[self alloc] init]; return _shareObject; } -(instancetype)init{ if (self = [super init]) { } return self; } //添加Model实体,就会发送添加实体通知,告诉MVC中的Controller -(void)addDataEntity:(id)entity{ //发送添加的通知 NSLog(@"------ %s",__func__); [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:entityAddNotification object:entity]; } //删除Model实体,就会发送删除实体通知,告诉MVC中的Controller -(void)removeDataEntity:(id)entity{ //发送删除的通知 NSLog(@"------ %s",__func__); [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:entityDeleteNotification object:entity]; } @end
view层的设计:
view层的头文件:
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @class ViewInstance; //MVC设计模式中的View层的代理,当用户操作view时,它会通过deleagte调用controller中的代理方法,这样controller就可以做相应的处理 @protocol ViewInstanceDelegate <NSObject> //controller要实现改方法 -(void)touchViewInstance:(ViewInstance *)view; @end @interface ViewInstance : UIView //MVC中的view代理,delegate指针一般指向实现代理的方法的Controller实例 @property (nonatomic,assign)id<ViewInstanceDelegate> delegate; @end
view层的实现文件:
#import "ViewInstance.h" @implementation ViewInstance //当view被触摸时掉用 -(void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{ NSLog(@"------ %s",__func__); if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(touchViewInstance:)]) { //当view层被操作时,调用代理的方法,也就是调用controller中实现了view协议的方法 [self.delegate touchViewInstance:self]; } } @end
controller层的设计:
controller头文件:
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface ControllerInstance : UIViewController @end
controller实现文件:
#import "ControllerInstance.h" #import "ModelInstance.h" #import "ViewInstance.h" @interface ControllerInstance ()<ViewInstanceDelegate> @end @implementation ControllerInstance - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view. //监听MVC中数据源改变的通知 [self addDataModelNotification]; //新建view ViewInstance *vInstance = [[ViewInstance alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(40, 40, 100, 100)]; //设置view的代理 vInstance.delegate = self; vInstance.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]; [self.view addSubview:vInstance]; //模拟从MVC中的增加和删除操作 dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(20 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{ //二十秒后模拟添加操作 [[ModelInstance sharedObject] addDataEntity:nil]; //二十秒之后模拟删除操作 dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(20 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{ [[ModelInstance sharedObject] removeDataEntity:nil]; }); }); } //监听Model改变的通知 -(void)addDataModelNotification{ [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(addEntityNotification) name:@"addNotification" object:nil]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(deleteEntityNotification) name:@"deleteNotification" object:nil]; } //对应添加实体通知的操作,一般用来在主线程更新UI -(void)addEntityNotification{ NSLog(@"------ %s",__func__); NSLog(@"数据源有删除动作,你应该在主线程同步UI"); } //对应删除实体通知的操作,一般用来在主线程更新UI -(void)deleteEntityNotification{ NSLog(@"------ %s",__func__); NSLog(@"数据源有删除动作,你应该在主线程同步UI"); } //view被触摸之后调用,一般用来同步数据 -(void)touchViewInstance:(ViewInstance *)view{ NSLog(@"------ %s",__func__); NSLog(@"view instance被触摸了你可以做相应的事了,如改变数据源"); } @end
运行结果:运行操作20秒左右后的输出,又20秒左右之后的输出,触摸视图时的输出如下:
模拟添加的输出结果:
2015-04-02 22:49:57.788 Target_action[1614:65387] ------ -[ModelInstance addDataEntity:]
2015-04-02 22:49:57.789 Target_action[1614:65387] ------ -[ControllerInstance addEntityNotification]
2015-04-02 22:49:57.789 Target_action[1614:65387] 数据源有删除动作,你应该在主线程同步UI
模拟删除的输出结果:
2015-04-02 22:50:19.789 Target_action[1614:65387] ------ -[ModelInstance removeDataEntity:]
2015-04-02 22:50:19.789 Target_action[1614:65387] ------ -[ControllerInstance deleteEntityNotification]
2015-04-02 22:50:19.789 Target_action[1614:65387] 数据源有删除动作,你应该在主线程同步UI
触摸视图的输出结果
2015-04-02 22:50:50.598 Target_action[1614:65387] ------ -[ViewInstance touchesEnded:withEvent:]
2015-04-02 22:50:50.599 Target_action[1614:65387] ------ -[ControllerInstance touchViewInstance:]
2015-04-02 22:50:50.599 Target_action[1614:65387] view instance被触摸了你可以做相应的事了,如改变数据源
小结:
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