Android开发之自定义View专题（一）：自定义柱形图
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时间：2015年06月11日
博主之前做的项目中，需要用到报表功能，之前在网上百度谷歌各种结果，没有一个是能够满足博主的老板的需求的，无奈之前博主只好自己去研究。终于研究出了一个不错的结果。先上效果图：
这是博主的一个项目的一个报表。老板要求可以点击左侧的月份进行月份比较，也可以点击选择月份，右边柱形图条状是可以响应点击事件的，并且可以左右滑动切换月份，如果柱形图内容过长超出界面，也是可以左右滑动查看未显示全的内容的。这里只讲柱形图的生成，其他界面效果博主就不讲解了。实际效果和这样有点差异，但不大，主要是实际效果在柱形图的顶端都还会显示数值。
自定义柱形图提供两种定义方式，可以在XML文件中写入，也可以再代码中new出来后加入一个容器中。这里博主就不在详细描述了，博主花了1个多小时才将该view从项目中独立出来。有兴趣的同学可以下载完整的项目下来学习。
github下载地址：https://github.com/victorfreedom1989/FreedomHistogram
CSDN下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/victorfreedom/8309505
1、自定义柱形图第一步，自定义柱形条：
package com.freedom.histogram; import java.text.DecimalFormat; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Color; import android.graphics.Paint; /** * @ClassName: FreedomHistogram * @author victor_freedom ([email protected]) * @createddate 2014-12-28 下午10:44:52 * @Description: */ public class FreedomHistogram { // 柱形条宽度 private int with; // 柱形条高度 private int height; // 柱形条对应数值 private double count; // 起始Y坐标 private int axisY; // 标题起始Y坐标 private int titleY; // 柱形条起始X坐标 private int axisX; private Context context; private DecimalFormat df; private Paint mPaint; public FreedomHistogram(Context context, int with, float axisY) { this.with = with; this.axisY = ScreenUtil.dip2px(context, axisY); this.titleY = ScreenUtil.dip2px(context, axisY + 35); this.context = context; this.df = new DecimalFormat("#0.0"); mPaint = new Paint(); mPaint.setAntiAlias(true); mPaint.setColor(Color.WHITE); } public FreedomHistogram() { }; public int getAxisX() { return axisX; } public void setAxisX(int axisX) { this.axisX = axisX; } public int getHeight() { return height; } public void setHeight(int height) { this.height = height; } public double getCount() { return count; } public void setCount(double count) { this.count = count; } public void drawHistogram(Canvas canvas, Paint paint) { // 绘制第一层 canvas.drawRect(axisX - 1, axisY - height - 1, with + axisX + 1, axisY, mPaint); // 绘制第二层，让柱形条有白边，好看，根据个人喜好可以不绘制第二层。 canvas.drawRect(axisX, axisY - height, with + axisX, axisY - 1, paint); // 绘制柱形条对应的数值 canvas.drawText(df.format(count), axisX - ScreenUtil.dip2px(context, 5), axisY - height - 10, paint); } public void drawTitle(Canvas canvas, Paint paint, String name) { // 绘制标题 canvas.drawRect(axisX, titleY - height, with + axisX, titleY - 1, paint); canvas.drawText(name, with + axisX + ScreenUtil.dip2px(context, 5), titleY - 1, paint); } }2、自定义柱形图第二步：构建柱形图
package com.freedom.histogram; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.content.Context; import android.content.res.TypedArray; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Color; import android.graphics.DashPathEffect; import android.graphics.Paint; import android.graphics.Paint.Style; import android.graphics.PathEffect; import android.graphics.PointF; import android.graphics.Rect; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.util.FloatMath; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.View; /** * @ClassName: FreedomHistogramView * @author victor_freedom ([email protected]) * @createddate 2014-12-28 下午10:47:33 * @Description: TODO */ public class FreedomHistogramView extends View { private HistogramOnClickListener histogramOnClickListener; public void setHistogramOnClickListener(HistogramOnClickListener listner) { this.histogramOnClickListener = listner; } // 柱形图总数据 private Map<Integer, Double[]> datas; // 柱形图每一组数据 private Double[] perData; // 最大值 private double max; // 平局值 private Double average; // 数据有多少组集合 private ArrayList<Integer> dataKeys; // 每组数据的集合 private ArrayList<Double[]> valuese; // 每组数据对应的区域 private ArrayList<Rect> rects; // 数据有多少组 private int flag; // 平均线数值 private double avergerLine; // 每组数据对应的颜色 private int[] colors = new int[] { 0xff8B008B, 0xff00BFFF, 0xff4800FF, 0xff333333, 0xff006400, 0xff668B8B, 0xffFF83FA, 0xff363636, 0xff000080, 0xff008B8B, 0xffFFDAB9, 0xff90EE90 }; // 柱形图标题对应相距值 private int margin; // 柱形条 private FreedomHistogram freedomHistogram; private Paint paint; // 是否左下角绘制标题 private boolean isTitle = false; private String title[]; // 每组数据柱形条对应的X轴坐标说明 private List<String> nodes; // 柱形条宽度 private int charWith; // 柱形条间距（配合margin使用） private int withX; // Y周对应坐标点的个数 private int numberY; // Y轴各坐标点之间的距离 private float withY; public FreedomHistogramView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) { super(context, attrs, defStyle); } /** * Title: Description：在XML文件中的构建方法 * * @param context * @param attrs */ public FreedomHistogramView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.FreedomHistogramView); charWith = a.getInteger(R.styleable.FreedomHistogramView_charWith, 20); withX = a.getInteger(R.styleable.FreedomHistogramView_withX, 20); numberY = a.getInteger(R.styleable.FreedomHistogramView_numberY, 10); withY = a.getFloat(R.styleable.FreedomHistogramView_withY, 20); isTitle = a.getBoolean(R.styleable.FreedomHistogramView_isTitle, false); paint = new Paint(); paint.setAntiAlias(true); // xPaint.setAntiAlias(true); // 新建一个柱形条 freedomHistogram = new FreedomHistogram(context, ScreenUtil.dip2px( context, charWith), withY * (numberY - 1) + 10); a.recycle(); } public FreedomHistogramView(Context context) { super(context); } public FreedomHistogramView(Context context, Map<Integer, Double[]> datas, int charWith, int withX, List<String> nodes, int numberY, float withY, boolean isTitle) { super(context); margin = 0; this.datas = datas; this.withX = withX; this.nodes = nodes; this.numberY = numberY; this.withY = withY; this.charWith = charWith; this.isTitle = isTitle; paint = new Paint(); paint.setAntiAlias(true); // xPaint.setAntiAlias(true); // 新建一个柱形条 freedomHistogram = new FreedomHistogram(context, ScreenUtil.dip2px( context, charWith), withY * (numberY - 1) + 10); } public Map<Integer, Double[]> getDatas() { return datas; } public String[] getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String[] title) { this.title = title; } public void setDatas(Map<Integer, Double[]> datas) { this.datas = datas; // invalidate(); } public boolean isTitle() { return isTitle; } public void setTitle(boolean isTitle) { this.isTitle = isTitle; } public List<String> getNodes() { return nodes; } public void setNodes(List<String> nodes) { this.nodes = nodes; // invalidate(); } public int getCharWith() { return charWith; } public void setCharWith(int charWith) { this.charWith = charWith; } public int getwithX() { return withX; } public void setwithX(int withX) { this.withX = withX; } public float getNumberY() { return numberY; } public void setNumberY(int numberY) { this.numberY = numberY; } public float getWithY() { return withY; } public void setWithY(float withY) { this.withY = withY; } public void iniData() { // 取出数值 Integer k; Double[] v; dataKeys = new ArrayList<Integer>(); valuese = new ArrayList<Double[]>(); for (Map.Entry<Integer, Double[]> entry : datas.entrySet()) { k = entry.getKey(); // key dataKeys.add(k); v = entry.getValue(); // value valuese.add(v); } this.flag = dataKeys.size(); double total = 0; int sum = 0; for (Double[] dataMax : valuese) { max = dataMax[0]; for (double data : dataMax) { total += data; max = max > data ? max : data; if (data != 0.0) { sum++; } } } max = dataChange(max); average = max / (numberY - 1); avergerLine = total / sum; } private double dataChange(double data) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String dataString = String.valueOf(data); String dateInt = dataString.substring(0, dataString.lastIndexOf(".")); int length = dateInt.length(); String newDatafirst = dataString.substring(0, 1); if (newDatafirst.equals("9")) { boolean isChange = false; for (int i = 1; i < dataString.length(); i++) { String dataPer = dataString.substring(i, i + 1); if (dataPer.equals("0")) { continue; } else { isChange = true; } } if (isChange) { sb.append("1"); for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { sb.append("0"); } return Double.valueOf(sb.toString()); } else { return data; } } else { boolean isChange = false; for (int i = 1; i < dataString.length(); i++) { String dataPer = dataString.substring(i, i + 1); if (dataPer.equals("0")) { continue; } else { isChange = true; break; } } if (isChange) { newDatafirst = (Integer.valueOf(newDatafirst) + 1) + ""; sb.append(newDatafirst); for (int i = 0; i < length - 1; i++) { sb.append("0"); } return Double.valueOf(sb.toString()); } else { return data; } } } public void drawAxis(Canvas canvas) { paint.setColor(Color.DKGRAY); paint.setStrokeWidth(ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 2)); paint.setTextSize(ScreenUtil.sp2px(getContext(), 10)); canvas.drawLine( ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 50), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY * (numberY - 1) + 10), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), (withX + (flag - 1) * charWith) * (nodes.size() + 1)), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY * (numberY - 1) + 10), paint); canvas.drawLine(ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 51), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 5), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 51), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY * (numberY - 1) + 10), paint); int x = ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), (float) (59 + flag * charWith / 2)); int y = ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY * (numberY - 1) + 10); for (int i = 0; i < nodes.size(); i++) { canvas.drawText( nodes.get(i), x, ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY * (numberY - 1) + 25), paint); x += ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withX + (flag - 1) * charWith); } for (int i = 0; i < numberY; i++) { canvas.drawText(average.intValue() * i + "", ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 3), y, paint); y -= ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY); } } public void drawChart(Canvas canvas) { rects = new ArrayList<Rect>(); rects.clear(); paint.setTextSize(ScreenUtil.sp2px(getContext(), 8)); for (int j = 0; j < flag; j++) { paint.setColor(colors[j]); // paint.setStyle(Style.FILL_AND_STROKE); // paint.setStrokeWidth(1); perData = valuese.get(j); int temp_screen = ScreenUtil .dip2px(getContext(), 60 + j * charWith); for (int i = 0; i < perData.length; i++) { freedomHistogram.setCount(perData[i]); freedomHistogram.setHeight(ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), (int) (perData[i].intValue() / max * (withY * (numberY - 1) + 10)))); if (margin == 0) { freedomHistogram.setAxisX(temp_screen); } else { temp_screen += ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withX + (flag - 1) * charWith); freedomHistogram.setAxisX(temp_screen); } freedomHistogram.drawHistogram(canvas, paint); margin = ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 10); Rect r = new Rect(temp_screen - ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), (withX - charWith) / 3), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY * (numberY - 1)) - ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), (int) (perData[i].intValue() / max * withY * (numberY - 1))), temp_screen + ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), charWith) + ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), (withX - charWith) / 3), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY * (numberY - 1))); rects.add(r); } margin = 0; } } public void drawline(Canvas canvas) { // 虚线 // Paint p = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); Paint xPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); xPaint.setAntiAlias(true); xPaint.setStyle(Style.STROKE); xPaint.setColor(Color.RED); xPaint.setStrokeWidth(2); PathEffect effects = new DashPathEffect(new float[] { ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 5), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 5), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 5), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 5) }, 1); xPaint.setPathEffect(effects); canvas.drawLine(ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 51), ScreenUtil .dip2px(getContext(), withY * (numberY - 1) + 10 - (int) (avergerLine / max * (withY * (numberY - 1) + 10))), ScreenUtil .dip2px(getContext(), (withX + (flag - 1) * charWith) * (nodes.size() + 1)), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY * (numberY - 1) + 10 - (int) (avergerLine / max * (withY * (numberY - 1) + 10))), xPaint); } public void drawtitle(Canvas canvas) { paint.setTextSize(ScreenUtil.sp2px(getContext(), 12)); int title_screen = ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), charWith); for (int i = 0; i < dataKeys.size(); i++) { paint.setColor(colors[i]); freedomHistogram.setHeight(ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 10)); if (margin == 0) { freedomHistogram.setAxisX(title_screen + ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 30) + margin); } else { freedomHistogram.setAxisX(title_screen + ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 40) + margin); } freedomHistogram.drawTitle(canvas, paint, title[i]); margin = ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 10); title_screen = freedomHistogram.getAxisX(); } margin = 0; } /** * 需要得到控件的宽和高 */ @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); // 设置开关的宽和高为背景图片的宽高 setMeasuredDimension( ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), 60 + (withX + flag * charWith) * (nodes.size() + 1)), ScreenUtil.dip2px(getContext(), withY * numberY + 50)); } @Override public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { canvas.drawColor(Color.TRANSPARENT); iniData(); drawChart(canvas); drawAxis(canvas); if (flag == 1) { drawline(canvas); } if (isTitle) { drawtitle(canvas); } super.onDraw(canvas); } private float scale; private float lastScale; private boolean firstTouch = true; private boolean guide = true; private boolean move = false; private int mode = 0; private int DRAG = 1; private int ZOOM = 2; private float startDis; int x1 = 0; int y1 = 0; private int startX = 0; @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { switch (event.getAction() & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: mode = DRAG; startX = (int) event.getRawX(); scale = this.getScaleX(); move = false; break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: if (mode == DRAG) { int newX = (int) event.getRawX(); int dx = newX - startX; if (dx > 10) { move = true; } int l = this.getLeft() + dx; int t = this.getTop(); int r = this.getRight() + dx; int b = this.getBottom(); this.layout(l, t, r, b); startX = (int) event.getRawX(); } else if (mode == ZOOM) { float endDis = distance(event); if (endDis > 10f) { lastScale = scale; scale = endDis / startDis; if (firstTouch) { if (scale > lastScale) { guide = true; } else { guide = false; } firstTouch = false; } if (guide) { if (scale < lastScale) { scale = lastScale; } } else { if (scale > lastScale) { scale = lastScale; } scale = scale * lastScale; if (scale < 1) { lastScale = 1; scale = 1; } } } } break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: if (scale == 1 && dataKeys.size() == 1 && !move) { x1 = (int) event.getX(); y1 = (int) event.getY(); getPosition(x1, y1); } break; // 当屏幕上已经有一个触点了，再有一个手指按下屏幕，就会相应 case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN: mode = ZOOM; firstTouch = true; move = true; startDis = distance(event); if (startDis > 10f) { // midPoint = mid(event); } break; // 手指离开屏幕，当屏幕还有一个手指在屏幕上时，就相应 case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP: mode = 0; break; } if (mode == ZOOM) { if (scale > 2) { lastScale = 2; scale = 2; } this.setScaleX(scale); if (scale == 1) { int l = 0; int t = 0; int r = this.getWidth(); int b = this.getHeight(); this.layout(l, t, r, b); } } return true; } private void getPosition(int x12, int y12) { if (null == rects) { return; } for (int i = 1; i <= rects.size(); i++) { Rect r = rects.get(i - 1); if (r.contains(x12, y12)) { if (null != histogramOnClickListener) { histogramOnClickListener.onClick(i); } } } } @SuppressLint("FloatMath") public float distance(MotionEvent event) { float dx = event.getX(1) - event.getX(0); float dy = event.getY(1) - event.getY(0); float dz = FloatMath.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy); return dz; } private PointF mid(MotionEvent event) { float dx = event.getX(1) + event.getX(0); float dy = event.getY(1) + event.getY(0); return new PointF(dx / 2, dy / 2); } }
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