重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (35) - 通知: Toast 详解

浏览数：32 / 时间：2015年06月11日

原文:重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (35) - 通知: Toast 详解

作者：webabcd

介绍
重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps 之通知

Toast - 基本应用参见 http://www.cnblogs.com/webabcd/archive/2013/06/17/3139740.html
Toast - 纯文本 toast
Toast - 图文 toast
Toast - toast 的提示音
Toast - 按计划弹出 toast

示例
1、演示纯文本 toast 的 4 个模板
Notification/Toast/ToastWithText.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Notification.Toast.ToastWithText"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Notification.Toast"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">

            <TextBox Name="lblMsg" Height="100" TextWrapping="Wrap" AcceptsReturn="True" FontSize="14.667" Margin="0 0 10 0" />

            <Button Name="btnTextBodyWrap" Content="TextBodyWrap" Click="btnTextBodyWrap_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap" Content="TextHeading TextBodyWrap" Click="bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody" Content="TextHeadingWrap TextBody" Click="bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="bntTextHeadingTextBody" Content="TextHeading TextBody1 TextBody2" Click="bntTextHeadingTextBody_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
            
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Notification/Toast/ToastWithText.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示纯文本 toast 的 4 个模板
 * 本示例的 Toast 的 XmlDocument 内容构造器采用一个开源项目，具体代码见：NotificationsExtensions/ToastContent.cs
 * 
 * XmlDocument GetTemplateContent(ToastTemplateType type) - 获取系统支持的 Toast 模板
 *     ToastTemplateType.ToastText01, ToastTemplateType.ToastText02, ToastTemplateType.ToastText03, ToastTemplateType.ToastText04
 */

using NotificationsExtensions.ToastContent;
using Windows.UI.Notifications;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Notification.Toast
{
    public sealed partial class ToastWithText : Page
    {
        public ToastWithText()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnTextBodyWrap_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText01 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText01();
            templateContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "我是通知正文，可换行，最多三行。我是通知正文，可换行，最多三行。我是通知正文，可换行，最多三行。";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;

            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);

            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText02 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText02();
            templateContent.TextHeading.Text = "我是通知标题，不可以换行。我是通知标题，不可以换行。";
            templateContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "我是通知正文，可换行，最多两行。我是通知正文，可换行，最多两行。";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;

            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);

            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText03 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText03();
            templateContent.TextHeadingWrap.Text = "我是通知标题，可换行，最多两行。我是通知标题，可换行，最多两行。";
            templateContent.TextBody.Text = "我是通知正文，不可以换行。我是通知正文，不可以换行。";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;

            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);

            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingTextBody_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText04 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText04();
            templateContent.TextHeading.Text = "我是通知标题，不可以换行。我是通知标题，不可以换行。";
            templateContent.TextBody1.Text = "我是通知正文1，不可以换行。我是通知正文1，不可以换行。";
            templateContent.TextBody2.Text = "我是通知正文2，不可以换行。我是通知正文2，不可以换行。";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;

            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);

            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }
    }
}

2、演示图文 toast 的 4 个模板
Notification/Toast/ToastWithImageText.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Notification.Toast.ToastWithImageText"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Notification.Toast"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">

            <TextBox Name="lblMsg" Height="100" TextWrapping="Wrap" AcceptsReturn="True" FontSize="14.667" Margin="0 0 10 0" />

            <Button Name="btnTextBodyWrap" Content="TextBodyWrap" Click="btnTextBodyWrap_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap" Content="TextHeading TextBodyWrap" Click="bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody" Content="TextHeadingWrap TextBody" Click="bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="bntTextHeadingTextBody" Content="TextHeading TextBody1 TextBody2" Click="bntTextHeadingTextBody_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
            
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Notification/Toast/ToastWithImageText.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示图文 toast 的 4 个模板（注：图片不能大于 1024*1024 像素，不能大于 200KB）
 * 本示例的 Toast 的 XmlDocument 内容构造器采用一个开源项目，具体代码见：NotificationsExtensions/ToastContent.cs
 * 
 * XmlDocument GetTemplateContent(ToastTemplateType type) - 获取系统支持的 Toast 模板
 *     ToastTemplateType.ToastImageAndText01, ToastTemplateType.ToastImageAndText02, ToastTemplateType.ToastImageAndText03, ToastTemplateType.ToastImageAndText04
 *     
 * 注：图片可以来自程序包内，可以来自 Application Data（仅支持对 local 中图片文件的引用），可以来自一个 http 的远程地址
 */

using NotificationsExtensions.ToastContent;
using System;
using Windows.UI.Notifications;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Notification.Toast
{
    public sealed partial class ToastWithImageText : Page
    {
        public ToastWithImageText()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnTextBodyWrap_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastImageAndText01 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastImageAndText01();
            templateContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "我是通知正文，可换行，最多三行。我是通知正文，可换行，最多三行。我是通知正文，可换行，最多三行。";
            templateContent.Image.Src = "Assets/Logo.png"; // 用程序包内文件作通知图片
            templateContent.Image.Alt = "altText";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;

            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);

            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingTextBodyWrap_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastImageAndText02 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastImageAndText02();
            templateContent.TextHeading.Text = "我是通知标题，不可以换行。我是通知标题，不可以换行。";
            templateContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "我是通知正文，可换行，最多两行。我是通知正文，可换行，最多两行。";
            templateContent.Image.Src = "ms-appx:///Assets/Logo.png"; // 用程序包内文件作通知图片
            templateContent.Image.Alt = "altText";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;

            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);

            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingWrapTextBody_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastImageAndText03 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastImageAndText03();
            templateContent.TextHeadingWrap.Text = "我是通知标题，可换行，最多两行。我是通知标题，可换行，最多两行。";
            templateContent.TextBody.Text = "我是通知正文，不可以换行。我是通知正文，不可以换行。";
            templateContent.Image.Src = "ms-appdata:///local/Logo.png"; // 用 Application Data 内文件作通知图片（注：仅支持 local 中的图片）
            templateContent.Image.Alt = "altText";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;

            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);

            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }

        private void bntTextHeadingTextBody_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastImageAndText04 templateContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastImageAndText04();
            templateContent.TextHeading.Text = "我是通知标题，不可以换行。我是通知标题，不可以换行。";
            templateContent.TextBody1.Text = "我是通知正文1，不可以换行。我是通知正文1，不可以换行。";
            templateContent.TextBody2.Text = "我是通知正文2，不可以换行。我是通知正文2，不可以换行。";
            templateContent.Image.Src = "http://pic.cnblogs.com/avatar/a14540.jpg?id=24173245"; // 用远程文件作通知图片
            templateContent.Image.Alt = "altText";
            IToastNotificationContent toastContent = templateContent;

            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);

            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }
    }
}

3、演示 Toast 的提示音
Notification/Toast/ToastWithSound.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Notification.Toast.ToastWithSound"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Notification.Toast"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">

            <TextBox Name="lblMsg" Height="100" TextWrapping="Wrap" AcceptsReturn="True" FontSize="14.667" Margin="0 0 10 0" />

            <TextBlock Text="通知提示音列表" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
            <ListBox Name="listBox" SelectionChanged="listBox_SelectionChanged_1" Margin="0 10 10 0">
                <ListBoxItem Content="Default" />
                <ListBoxItem Content="Mail" />
                <ListBoxItem Content="SMS" />
                <ListBoxItem Content="IM" />
                <ListBoxItem Content="Reminder" />
                <ListBoxItem Content="LoopingCall" />
                <ListBoxItem Content="LoopingCall2" />
                <ListBoxItem Content="LoopingAlarm" />
                <ListBoxItem Content="LoopingAlarm2" />
                <ListBoxItem Content="Silent" />
            </ListBox>
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Notification/Toast/ToastWithSound.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示 Toast 的提示音
 * 
 * 目前支持的 Toast 提示音共有以下几种：
 * Default, Mail, SMS, IM, Reminder, LoopingCall, LoopingCall2, LoopingAlarm, LoopingAlarm2, Silent
 */

using NotificationsExtensions.ToastContent;
using System;
using Windows.UI.Notifications;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Notification.Toast
{
    public sealed partial class ToastWithSound : Page
    {
        public ToastWithSound()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void listBox_SelectionChanged_1(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            string audioType = (listBox.SelectedItem as ListBoxItem).Content.ToString();

            IToastText02 toastContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText02();
            toastContent.TextHeading.Text = "Sound:";
            toastContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = audioType;
            toastContent.Audio.Content = (ToastAudioContent)Enum.Parse(typeof(ToastAudioContent), audioType);

            /*
             * LoopingCall, LoopingCall2, LoopingAlarm, LoopingAlarm2 这 4 种提示音仅针对长时通知，且需指定为循环提示音
             */
            if (audioType == "LoopingCall" || audioType == "LoopingCall2" || audioType == "LoopingAlarm" || audioType == "LoopingAlarm2")
            {
                toastContent.Duration = ToastDuration.Long;
                toastContent.Audio.Loop = true;
            }
            
            ToastNotification toast = toastContent.CreateNotification();
            ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);

            lblMsg.Text = toastContent.GetContent();
        }
    }
}

4、演示如何按计划显示 Toast 通知
Notification/Toast/ScheduledToast.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Notification.Toast.ScheduledToast"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Notification.Toast"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">

            <!--显示当前 app 的全部 ScheduledToastNotification 对象列表-->
            <ListBox Name="listBox" Width="800" Height="300" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
                <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
                    <DataTemplate>
                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                            <TextBlock Text="{Binding ToastId}" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
                            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Text}" Margin="15 0 0 0" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
                            <HyperlinkButton Name="btnRemove" Content="删除此 ScheduledToastNotification" Tag="{Binding ToastId}" Margin="15 0 0 0" Click="btnRemove_Click_1" />
                        </StackPanel>
                    </DataTemplate>
                </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
            </ListBox>

            <Button Name="btnScheduledToast" Content="ScheduledToastNotification 的 Demo（3 秒后弹出 Toast 通知，然后每隔 60 秒再弹出一次，共重复 5 次）" Click="btnScheduledToast_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Notification/Toast/ScheduledToast.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何按计划显示 Toast 通知
 * 
 * ScheduledToastNotification - 按计划显示 Toast 通知
 *     Content - Toast 的内容，XmlDocument 类型的数据，只读，其需要在构造函数中指定
 *     DeliveryTime - 显示 Toast 通知的时间，只读，其需要在构造函数中指定
 *     SnoozeInterval - 循环显示 Toast 通知的间隔时长（60 秒 - 60 分之间），只读，其需要在构造函数中指定
 *     MaximumSnoozeCount - 循环的最大次数（1 - 5 次）
 *     Id - ScheduledToastNotification 的标识
 *     
 * ToastNotifier - Toast 通知器
 *     AddToSchedule() - 将指定的 ScheduledToastNotification 添加到计划列表
 *     RemoveFromSchedule() - 从计划列表中移除指定的 ScheduledToastNotification
 *     GetScheduledToastNotifications() - 获取当前 app 的全部 ScheduledToastNotification 集合
 */

using NotificationsExtensions.ToastContent;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Windows.UI.Notifications;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;

namespace XamlDemo.Notification.Toast
{
    public sealed partial class ScheduledToast : Page
    {
        public ScheduledToast()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            ShowScheduledToasts();
        }

        // 添加指定的 ScheduledToastNotification 到计划列表中
        private void btnScheduledToast_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            IToastText02 toastContent = ToastContentFactory.CreateToastText02();
            toastContent.TextHeading.Text = "ScheduledToastNotification Demo";
            toastContent.TextBodyWrap.Text = "received: " + DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss");

            // 3 秒后显示 Toast，然后每隔 60 秒再显示一次 Toast（循环显示 5 次）
            ScheduledToastNotification toast = new ScheduledToastNotification(toastContent.GetXml(), DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(3), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60), 5);

            string toastId = new Random().Next(1000, 10000).ToString();
            toast.Id = toastId;

            // 将指定的 ScheduledToastNotification 添加进计划列表
            ToastNotifier toastNotifier = ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier();
            toastNotifier.AddToSchedule(toast);

            ShowScheduledToasts();
        }

        // 显示当前 app 的全部 ScheduledToastNotification 列表
        private void ShowScheduledToasts()
        {
            List<MyScheduledToast> dataSource = new List<MyScheduledToast>();

            // 获取当前 app 计划列表中的全部 ScheduledToastNotification 对象列表
            ToastNotifier toastNotifier = ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier();
            IReadOnlyList<ScheduledToastNotification> scheduledToasts = toastNotifier.GetScheduledToastNotifications();

            int toastCount = scheduledToasts.Count;
            for (int i = 0; i < toastCount; i++)
            {
                ScheduledToastNotification toast = scheduledToasts[i];

                dataSource.Add(new MyScheduledToast()
                {
                    ToastId = toast.Id,
                    Text = toast.Content.GetElementsByTagName("text")[0].InnerText
                });
            }

            listBox.ItemsSource = dataSource;
        }

        // 根据 ToastId 删除指定的 ScheduledToastNotification
        private void btnRemove_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            string toastId = (string)(sender as FrameworkElement).Tag;

            // 获取当前 app 计划列表中的全部 ScheduledToastNotification 对象列表
            ToastNotifier toastNotifier = ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier();
            IReadOnlyList<ScheduledToastNotification> scheduledToasts = toastNotifier.GetScheduledToastNotifications();

            int toastLength = scheduledToasts.Count;
            for (int i = 0; i < toastLength; i++)
            {
                if (scheduledToasts[i].Id == toastId)
                {
                    // 从计划列表中移除指定的 ScheduledToastNotification 对象
                    toastNotifier.RemoveFromSchedule(scheduledToasts[i]);

                    ShowScheduledToasts();

                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        class MyScheduledToast
        {
            public string ToastId { get; set; }
            public string Text { get; set; }
        }
    }
}