IOS持久化数据----（保存数据的一系列方法

浏览数：27 / 时间：2015年06月11日

数据持久存储到IOS文件系统中有三种不同的机制：属性列表，对象归档，嵌入式数据库SQLite3（另外还有其他方法，可以用传统的C

IO函数读取或者写入数据，也可以使用Cocoa的低级文件管理工具）

每一个应用程序支持三个文件夹 Documents, Library 和 tmp。应用程序将其数据存储在Documents中，（但基于NSUserDefaults的首选设置除外，它存储在Library/Preferences文件夹中），当ios设备同步时，不会去备份/tmp中的文件。

1。下面这句话将返回Documents目录

NSString *Path = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0]

我们可以通过在这个路径结尾附加一个字符串来创建一个文件名，用于执行读取或者写入操作。

NSString *filename = [Path stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test.txt"];

上面这句话结束之后会filename将包含test.txt文件的完整路径，该文件位于应用程序的Documents目录下，我们可以用filename来创建读取和写入文件。

2。获取对应应用程序临时目录的引用比较方便，

NSString *tmpPath = NSTemporaryDirectory();

3，下面是基本的代码把一个数组写入文件中，（属性列表）

wiriteToFile

NSString *str = @"abc";
NSString *astr = @"efg";
NSArray *Array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:str, astr, nil];

//Save
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
if (!documentsDirectory) {
    NSLog(@"Documents directory not found!");
}
NSString *appFile = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Savedatas.plist"];
[[NSArray arrayWithObjects:Array,nil] writeToFile:appFile atomically:NO];


//load
if([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:appFile])
    self.SaveDataArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:appFile];
else
    self.SaveDataArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"Savedatas" ofType:@"plist"]];
NSArray *strArray = [self.SaveDataArray objectAtIndex:0];

str = [strArray objectAtIndex:0];
astr = [strArray objectAtIndex:1];

4.归档例子（NSKeyedArchiver）

NSString *str = @"abc";
NSString *astr = @"efg";
NSArray *Array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:str, astr, nil];

//Save
NSString *Path = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0]; NSString *filename = [Path stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test"];
[NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:Array toFile:filename];

str = @"a";
astr = @"";

//load
NSArray *arr = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile: filename];
str = [arr objectAtIndex:0];
astr =  [arr objectAtIndex:1];

NSLog(@"str:%@",str);
NSLog(@"astr:%@",astr);

5.例子（NSUserDefaults）

NSString *str = @"abc";
NSString *astr = @"efg";
NSArray *Array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:str, astr, nil];

//Save
NSUserDefaults *SaveDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
[SaveDefaults setObject:Array forKey:@"SaveKey"];

str = @"a";
astr = @"";

//load
Array = [SaveDefaults objectForKey:@"SaveKey"];
str = [Array objectAtIndex:0];
astr = [Array objectAtIndex:1];
NSLog(@"str:%@",str);
NSLog(@"astr:%@",astr);

6。下面是从论坛中找的两个便利的方法，用于从存储和读取数据。

如下：

-(BOOL) writeApplicationData:(NSDictionary *)data  writeFileName:(NSString *)fileName
{
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    if (!documentsDirectory) {
        NSLog(@"Documents directory not found!");
        return NO;
    }
    NSString *appFile = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:fileName];
    return ([data writeToFile:appFile atomically:YES]);
}

-(id) readApplicationData:(NSString *)fileName
{
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    NSString *appFile = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:fileName];
    NSDictionary *myData = [[[NSDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:appFile] autorelease];
    return myData;
}

7.最简单的方法将从网络上下载的图片保存到本地~

//将图片保存到本地

+ (void)SaveImageToLocal:(UIImage*)image Keys:(NSString*)key {

NSUserDefaults* preferences = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

//[preferences persistentDomainForName:LocalPath];

[preferences setObject:UIImagePNGRepresentation(image) forKey:key];

}

//本地是否有相关图片

+ (BOOL)LocalHaveImage:(NSString*)key {

NSUserDefaults* preferences = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

//[preferences persistentDomainForName:LocalPath];

NSData* imageData = [preferences objectForKey:key];

if (imageData) {

return YES;

}

return NO;

}

//从本地获取图片

+ (UIImage*)GetImageFromLocal:(NSString*)key {

NSUserDefaults* preferences = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

//[preferences persistentDomainForName:LocalPath];

NSData* imageData = [preferences objectForKey:key];

UIImage* image;

if (imageData) {

image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];

}

else {

NSLog(@"未从本地获得图片");

}

return image;

}

8.这是老外分享的一段代码，保存照片的，很简单，呵呵

参数说明：
NSData to retrieve the image from the URL
NSDocumentDirectory to find Document folder’s Path
UIImagePNGRepresentation to save it as PNG
UIImageJPEGRepresentation to save it as JPEG

代码：

NSLog(@”Downloading…”);
// Get an image from the URL below
UIImage *image = [[UIImage alloc] initWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.objectgraph.com/images/og_logo.png"]]];

NSLog(@”%f,%f”,image.size.width,image.size.height);

// Let’s save the file into Document folder.
// You can also change this to your desktop for testing. (e.g. /Users/kiichi/Desktop/)
// NSString *deskTopDir = @”/Users/kiichi/Desktop”;

NSString *docDir = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0];

// If you go to the folder below, you will find those pictures
NSLog(@”%@”,docDir);

NSLog(@”saving png”);
NSString *pngFilePath = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/test.png",docDir];
NSData *data1 = [NSData dataWithData:UIImagePNGRepresentation(image)];
[data1 writeToFile:pngFilePath atomically:YES];

NSLog(@”saving jpeg”);
NSString *jpegFilePath = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/test.jpeg",docDir];
NSData *data2 = [NSData dataWithData:UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 1.0f)];//1.0f = 100% quality
[data2 writeToFile:jpegFilePath atomically:YES];

NSLog(@”saving image done”);

[image release];

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IOS持久化数据----（保存数据的一系列方法