iOS开发网络数据之AFNetworking使用
首先得下载AFNetworking库文件，下载时得首先弄清楚，你将要开发的软件兼容的最低版本是多少。AFNetworking 2.0或者之后的版本需要xcode5.0版本并且只能为IOS6或更高的手机系统上运行，如果开发MAC程序，那么2.0版本只能在MAC OS X 10.8或者更高的版本上运行。
NSString *str=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"https://alpha-api.app.net/stream/0/posts/stream/global"];
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[str stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
// 从URL获取json数据
AFJSONRequestOperation *operation1 = [AFJSONRequestOperation JSONRequestOperationWithRequest:requestsuccess:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSDictionary* JSON) {
NSLog(@"获取到的数据为：%@",JSON);
} failure:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSError *error, id data) {
NSLog(@"发生错误！%@",error);
}];
[operation1 start];
第二种方法，利用AFHTTPRequestOperation 先获取到字符串形式的数据，然后转换成json格式，将NSString格式的数据转换成json数据，利用IOS5自带的json解析方法：
NSString *str=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"https://alpha-api.app.net/stream/0/posts/stream/global"];
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[str stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];
[operation setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
NSString *html = operation.responseString;
NSData* data=[html dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
id dict=[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:0 error:nil];
NSLog(@"获取到的数据为：%@",dict);
}failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"发生错误！%@",error);
}];
NSOperationQueue *queue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init];
[queue addOperation:operation];
如果发生Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1000 "bad URL" UserInfo=0x14defc80 {NSUnderlyingError=0x14deea10 "bad URL", NSLocalizedDescription=bad URL这个错误，请检查URL编码格式。有没有进行stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding
如何通过URL获取图片
异步获取图片，通过队列实现，而且图片会有缓存，在下次请求相同的链接时，系统会自动调用缓存，而不从网上请求数据。
UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0.0f, 100.0f, 100.0f, 100.0f)];
[imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://i.imgur.com/r4uwx.jpg"]placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder-avatar"]];
[self.view addSubview:imageView];
上面的方法是官方提供的，还有一种方法，
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.scott-sherwood.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/scene.png"]];
AFImageRequestOperation *operation = [AFImageRequestOperation imageRequestOperationWithRequest:request imageProcessingBlock:nil success:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response,UIImage *image) {
self.backgroundImageView.image = image;
} failure:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"Error %@",error);
}];
[operation start];
如果使用第一种URLWithString： placeholderImage：会有更多的细节处理，其实实现还是通过AFImageRequestOperation处理，可以点击URLWithString： placeholderImage：方法进去看一下就一目了然了。所以我觉得还是用第一种好。
如何通过URL获取plist文件
通过url获取plist文件的内容，用的很少，这个方法在官方提供的方法里面没有
NSString *weatherUrl = @"http://www.calinks.com.cn/buick/kls/Buickhousekeeper.plist";
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[weatherUrl stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
[AFPropertyListRequestOperation addAcceptableContentTypes:[NSSet setWithObject:@"text/plain"]];
AFPropertyListRequestOperation *operation = [AFPropertyListRequestOperation propertyListRequestOperationWithRequest:request success:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, id propertyList) {
NSLog(@"%@",(NSDictionary *)propertyList);
}failure:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSError *error, id propertyList) {
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}];
[operation start];
如果稍不留神，可能就出现Error Domain=AFNetworkingErrorDomain Code=-1016 "Expected content type {(
"application/x-plist"
)}, got text/plain" UserInfo=0x16e91ce0 {NSLocalizedRecoverySuggestion=
...
...
, AFNetworkingOperationFailingURLRequestErrorKey= { }, NSErrorFailingURLKey=, NSLocalizedDescription=Expected content type {(
"application/x-plist"
)}, got text/plain, AFNetworkingOperationFailinponseErrorKey= { URL: } { status code: 200, headers {
"Accept-Ranges" = bytes;
Connection = "keep-alive";
"Content-Length" = 974;
"Content-Type" = "text/plain";
Date = "Sat, 25 Jan 2014 07:29:26 GMT";
Etag = ""1014c2-3ce-4ee63e1c80e00"";
"Last-Modified" = "Wed, 25 Dec 2013 23:04:24 GMT";
Server = "nginx/1.4.2";
} }}
可能还会出现乱码，解决办法就是[AFPropertyListRequestOperation addAcceptableContentTypes:[NSSet setWithObject:@"text/plain"]];
如何通过URL获取XML数据
xml解析使用AFXMLRequestOperation，需要实现苹果自带的NSXMLParserDelegate委托方法，XML中有一些不需要的协议格式内容，所以就不能像json那样解析，还得实现委托。我之前有想过能否所有的XML链接用一个类处理，而且跟服务端做了沟通，结果很不方便，效果不好。XML大多标签不同，格式也不固定，所以就有问题，使用json就要方便的多。
第一步；在.h文件中加入委托NSXMLParserDelegate
第二步；在.m文件方法中加入代码
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://113.106.90.22:5244/sshopinfo"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
AFXMLRequestOperation *operation =
[AFXMLRequestOperation XMLParserRequestOperationWithRequest:request success:^(NSURLRequest *request,NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSXMLParser *XMLParser) {
XMLParser.delegate = self;
[XMLParser setShouldProcessNamespaces:YES];
[XMLParser parse];
}failure:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSError *error, NSXMLParser*XMLParser) {
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}];
[operation start];
第三步；在.m文件中实现委托方法
//在文档开始的时候触发
-(void)parserDidStartDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{
NSLog(@"解析开始！");
}
//解析起始标记
- (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString*)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributeDict{
NSLog(@"标记：%@",elementName);
}
//解析文本节点
- (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string{
NSLog(@"值：%@",string);
}
//解析结束标记
- (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString*)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName{
NSLog(@"结束标记：%@",elementName);
}
//文档结束时触发
-(void) parserDidEndDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{
NSLog(@"解析结束！");
}
运行的结果：
如何使用AFHTTPClient进行web service操作
BaseURLString = @"http://www.raywenderlich.com/downloads/weather_sample/";
NSURL *baseURL = [NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:BaseURLString]];
NSDictionary *parameters = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"json" forKey:@"format"];
AFHTTPClient *client = [[AFHTTPClient alloc] initWithBaseURL:baseURL];
[client registerHTTPOperationClass:[AFJSONRequestOperation class]];
[client setDefaultHeader:@"Accept" value:@"text/html"];
[client postPath:@"weather.php" parameters:parameters success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation,id responseObject) {
NSString* newStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseObject encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"POST请求:%@",newStr);
}failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}];
[client getPath:@"weather.php" parameters:parameters success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, idresponseObject) {
NSString* newStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseObject encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"GET请求：%@",newStr);
}failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}];
运行结果：
时间有限，先写到这，因为没有服务端，很多功能没办法测试，如果有的朋友，希望借服务器测试，相互交流：QQ：915893620
Error: Error Domain=AFNetworkingErrorDomain Code=-1016 "Request failed: unacceptable content-type: text/html" UserInfo=0x16774de0 {NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://192.168.2.2:8181/ecar/tsp/uploadLocation?CID=781666&serviceType=1, AFNetworkingOperationFailinponseErrorKey= { URL: http://192.168.2.2:8181/ecar/tsp/uploadLocation?CID=781666&serviceType=1 } { status code: 200, headers {
XXX
} }, NSLocalizedDescription=Request failed: unacceptable content-type: text/html}
返回数据格式不对。注销这句话： op.responseSerializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializerserializer];然后将返回的数据自己转换。
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