Android开发之使用Notification.Builder
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时间：2015年06月11日
通知的主要功能是提示功能。例如：短信、推送信息等等。
大体使用步骤：
1.获取状态通知栏管理
NotificationManager 是一个系统Service，所以必须通过 getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE)方法来获取。
notificationManager = (NotificationManager) this .getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
2.实例化通知栏构造器NotificationCompat.Builder
3.设置NotificationCompat.Builder
4.设置PendingIntent
5.显示
方法或参数介绍：
1.PendingIntent
PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, requestCode, intent, flags)
PendingIntent.getActivities(context, requestCode, intents, flags)
PendingIntent.getService(context, requestCode, intent, flags)
中的flags属性参数：
FLAG_ONE_SHOT 表示返回的PendingIntent仅能执行一次，执行完后自动取消
FLAG_NO_CREATE 表示如果描述的PendingIntent不存在，并不创建相应的PendingIntent，而是返回NULL
FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT 表示相应的PendingIntent已经存在，则取消前者，然后创建新的PendingIntent
FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT 表示更新的PendingIntent
2.notification.flags参数介绍
Notification.FLAG_SHOW_LIGHTS //三色灯提醒，在使用三色灯提醒时候必须加该标志符
Notification.FLAG_ONGOING_EVENT //发起正在运行事件（活动中）
Notification.FLAG_INSISTENT //让声音、振动无限循环，直到用户响应 （取消或者打开）
Notification.FLAG_ONLY_ALERT_ONCE //发起Notification后，铃声和震动均只执行一次
Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL //用户单击通知后自动消失
Notification.FLAG_NO_CLEAR //只有全部清除时，Notification才会清除 ，不清楚该通知(QQ的通知无法清除，就是用的这个)
Notification.FLAG_FOREGROUND_SERVICE //表示正在运行的服务
使用方法：
在设置完属性后，设置
Notification notification =builder.build(); notification.flags =Notification.FLAG_ONLY_ALERT_ONCE;
3.setVibrate(long[] pattern)
设置震动，需要权限.
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE"/>
4.builder.setOngoing( )
设置为ture，表示它为一个正在进行的通知。简单的说，当为ture时，不可以被侧滑消失。
***************************************************************************************
使用自定义Notification，就要使用RemoteViews。
***************************************************************************************
使用实例：
图片：
实现代码：
MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
Button button, button2;
NotificationManager notificationManager;
public final static String NEWS_LISTEN = "broadcast";
// 用于自定义Notification，点击事件的验证
String remoteViewsText = "未点击";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
notificationManager = (NotificationManager) this
.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(NEWS_LISTEN);
this.registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, filter);
}
public void click(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.but:// 使用普通的Notification
Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(
MainActivity.this);
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SecondActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
MainActivity.this, 0, intent,
PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
builder.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.close);// 设置图标
builder.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());// 设置通知来到的时间
// builder.setAutoCancel(true);
builder.setContentTitle("标题");// 设置通知的标题
builder.setContentText("内容");// 设置通知的内容
builder.setTicker("状态栏上显示");// 状态栏上显示
builder.setOngoing(true);
/*
* // 设置声音(手机中的音频文件) String path =
* Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() .getAbsolutePath() +
* "/Music/a.mp3"; File file = new File(path);
* builder.setSound(Uri.fromFile(file));
*/
// 获取Android多媒体库内的铃声
builder.setSound(Uri.withAppendedPath(
Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "5"));
// builder.setVibrate(new long[]{2000,1000,4000}); //需要真机测试
Notification notification = builder.build();
// notification.flags =Notification.FLAG_ONGOING_EVENT;
notificationManager.notify(0, notification);
break;
case R.id.but2:// 使用自定义的Notification
// 3.0之前不支持Button
MyNotification();
break;
case R.id.but3:// 使用下载的Notification,在4.0以后才能使用
final Notification.Builder builder3 = new Notification.Builder(
MainActivity.this);
builder3.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setTicker("showProgressBar").setContentInfo("contentInfo")
.setOngoing(true).setContentTitle("ContentTitle")
.setContentText("ContentText");
// 模拟下载过程
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
int progress = 0;
for (progress = 0; progress < 100; progress += 5) {
// 将setProgress的第三个参数设为true即可显示为无明确进度的进度条样式
builder3.setProgress(100, progress, false);
notificationManager.notify(0, builder3.build());
try {
Thread.sleep(1 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println("sleep failure");
}
}
builder3.setContentTitle("Download complete")
.setProgress(0, 0, false).setOngoing(false);
notificationManager.notify(0, builder3.build());
}
}).start();
break;
case R.id.but4:// 大布局通知在4.1以后才能使用，BigTextStyle
Notification.BigTextStyle textStyle = new Notification.BigTextStyle();
textStyle.setBigContentTitle("大标题")
// 标题
.setSummaryText("SummaryText")
.bigText(
"Big Text!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
+ "!!!!!!!!!!!"
+ "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!");// 内容
Notification.Builder builder2 = new Notification.Builder(
MainActivity.this);
builder2.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.icon);// 小图标
// 大图标
builder2.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(
this.getResources(), R.drawable.close));
builder2.setTicker("showBigView_Text")
.setContentInfo("contentInfo");
builder2.setStyle(textStyle);
builder2.setAutoCancel(true);
notificationManager.notify(0, builder2.build());
break;
case R.id.but5://大布局通知在4.1以后才能使用,大布局图片
Notification.BigPictureStyle bigPictureStyle = new Notification.BigPictureStyle();
bigPictureStyle.bigPicture(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.back));
Notification.Builder builder4 = new Notification.Builder(
MainActivity.this);
builder4.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.icon);// 小图标
// 大图标
builder4.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(
this.getResources(), R.drawable.close));
builder4.setTicker("showBigView_Picture")
.setContentInfo("contentInfo");
builder4.setStyle(bigPictureStyle);
builder4.setAutoCancel(true);
notificationManager.notify(0, builder4.build());
break;
case R.id.but6://大布局通知在4.1以后才能使用，InboxStyle
Notification.InboxStyle inboxStyle = new Notification.InboxStyle();
inboxStyle.setBigContentTitle("InboxStyle");
inboxStyle.setSummaryText("Test");
for(int i =0 ;i<5;i++){
inboxStyle.addLine("new:"+i);
}
Notification.Builder builder5 = new Notification.Builder(
MainActivity.this);
builder5.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.icon);// 小图标
// 大图标
builder5.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(
this.getResources(), R.drawable.close));
builder5.setTicker("showBigView_InboxStyle")
.setContentInfo("contentInfo");
builder5.setStyle(inboxStyle);
builder5.setAutoCancel(true);
notificationManager.notify(0, builder5.build());
break;
}
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
// 取消广播接收
this.unregisterReceiver(broadcastReceiver);
}
/**
* 自定义Notification
*/
public void MyNotification() {
RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(),
R.layout.form);
remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_form, remoteViewsText);
Intent intent2 = new Intent(MainActivity.NEWS_LISTEN);
// 使用广播，所以INTENT必须用getBroadcast方法
PendingIntent pendingIntent2 = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
MainActivity.this, 1, intent2,
PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
// 绑定
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.but_form, pendingIntent2);
Notification.Builder builderMain = new Notification.Builder(
MainActivity.this);
builderMain
.setContent(remoteViews)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.icon)
.setLargeIcon(
BitmapFactory.decodeResource(this.getResources(),
R.drawable.open)).setOngoing(true)
.setTicker("music is playing");
notificationManager.notify(0, builderMain.build());
}
// 广播接收器(自定义Notification使用到)
BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context c, Intent intent) {
if (intent.getAction().equals(NEWS_LISTEN)) {
remoteViewsText = "已点击";
MyNotification();
}
}
};
}
activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >
<Button
android:id="@+id/but"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="click"
android:text="notification one" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/but2"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="click"
android:text="notification two" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/but3"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="click"
android:text="notification three" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/but4"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="click"
android:text="notification four" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/but5"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="click"
android:text="notification five" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/but6"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="click"
android:text="notification six" />
</LinearLayout>
form.xml（自定义通知的样式）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<Button
android:id="@+id/but_form"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="嘻嘻" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_form"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="无"/>
</LinearLayout>
SecondActivity.java 只是一个activity。
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