Android 蓝牙模块基础操作
之前没怎么接触过蓝牙模块,在学习的过程中借鉴了很多前辈的经验。本次主要包含以下功能:
1、检测是否存在蓝牙模块
2、蓝牙的开启与关闭
3、与本机已配对的蓝牙设备
4、本机蓝牙可见性设置
5、扫描周围蓝牙设备
关于蓝牙设备之间如何通讯下次再整理。下面开始介绍。
1.1、首先要在配置文件中加入操作蓝牙的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
第一个权限可以控制蓝牙模块的检测、开启与关闭。如果需要扫描周围蓝牙设备等更多功能则需要第二个权限。
1.2、具体代码
btn_check.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub BluetoothAdapter bltadapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();//本机适配器 if(bltadapter == null) { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "本机没有蓝牙设备", 0).show(); tv_result.setText("本机没有蓝牙设备"); } else { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "本机拥有蓝牙设备", 0).show(); tv_result.setText("本机拥有蓝牙设备"); if(!bltadapter.isEnabled())//检测蓝牙是否打开 { Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);//开启蓝牙 startActivity(intent); } Set <BluetoothDevice> bltDevices = bltadapter.getBondedDevices(); String address = "已配对蓝牙设备"; if(bltDevices.size()>0) { for(Iterator iterator = bltDevices.iterator();iterator.hasNext();)//迭代器收集已适配的蓝牙地址并打印 { BluetoothDevice bltdevice = (BluetoothDevice)iterator.next(); address = address+"\n"+bltdevice.getAddress().toString(); } tv_result.setText(address); } } } });
1.3结果截图
a)初始状态蓝牙未打开
b)请求打开蓝牙
c)显示已配对设备
2.1、设置蓝牙可见性,这里需要说明的是,根据官方介绍
The current default is 120 seconds, and requests over 300 seconds will be capped. These values could change.
即设备可见时间默认为120s,最大为300s,如果参数大于300则等于300。
代码如下
btn_discover.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE); intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 400);//400即为设置的可见时间超过300则等于300 startActivity(intent); } });
2.2、结果截图如下
3、扫描附近蓝牙。蓝牙本身采用广播机制。代码如下:
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);//过滤器 BluetoothReceiver bluetoothReceiver = new BluetoothReceiver(); registerReceiver(bluetoothReceiver, intentFilter);//注册接受者 private class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String action = intent.getAction(); if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) { BluetoothDevice bltdevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); result1 = result1+"\n"+bltdevice.getAddress().toString(); tv_result.setText(result1); } } } btn_scan.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub bltadapter.startDiscovery(); } });
3.2、结果截图如下
4、最后附上更改后的全部代码,欢迎批评指正。
java代码
package com.example.bluetooth; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Set; import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity; import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity { TextView tv_result; Button btn_check; Button btn_scan; Button btn_discover; String result1 = "周围蓝牙设备"; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); final BluetoothAdapter bltadapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); BluetoothReceiver bluetoothReceiver = new BluetoothReceiver(); registerReceiver(bluetoothReceiver, intentFilter); tv_result = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.CheckResult); btn_check = (Button)findViewById(R.id.CheckBlt); btn_scan = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Scan); btn_discover = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Visable); btn_check.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @SuppressLint("ShowToast") @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub BluetoothAdapter bltadapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); if(bltadapter == null) { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "本机没有蓝牙设备", 0).show(); tv_result.setText("本机没有蓝牙设备"); } else { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "本机拥有蓝牙设备", 0).show(); tv_result.setText("本机拥有蓝牙设备"); if(!bltadapter.isEnabled()) { Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivity(intent); } Set <BluetoothDevice> bltDevices = bltadapter.getBondedDevices(); String address = "已配对蓝牙设备"; if(bltDevices.size()>0) { for(Iterator<BluetoothDevice> iterator = bltDevices.iterator();iterator.hasNext();) { BluetoothDevice bltdevice = (BluetoothDevice)iterator.next(); address = address+"\n"+bltdevice.getAddress().toString(); } tv_result.setText(address); } } } }); btn_discover.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE); intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 400); startActivity(intent); } }); btn_scan.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub bltadapter.startDiscovery(); } }); } private class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String action = intent.getAction(); if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) { BluetoothDevice bltdevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); result1 = result1+"\n"+bltdevice.getAddress().toString(); tv_result.setText(result1); } } } }
xml代码
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <Button android:id="@+id/CheckBlt" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="50dp" android:text="检查本机蓝牙" /> <Button android:id="@+id/Visable" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="50dp" android:text="设置可见性" /> <Button android:id="@+id/Scan" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="50dp" android:text="扫描周围蓝牙" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/CheckResult" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello_world" /> </LinearLayout>
蓝牙主要用的两个类BluetoothAdapter和BluetoothDevice,在通讯方面会用到BluetoothServerSocket。
目前了解的只有这么多了,还要继续努力。
备注:
1、转载请注明出去
2、代码虽然是我写的,但是他自己长歪了,有问题尽量别找我 ~~~~(>_<)~~~~ 。
3、谢谢阅读
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