Centos6.5 源码搭建MYSQL5.5+MySQL主从复制

实验环境：

        主服务器IP：192.168.1.188

        从服务器IP：192.168.1.189

一、安装MySQL由于centos6.5系统默认安装了MySQL，所以需要卸载掉自带的mysql，主，从服务器都要执行相同操作

[root@localhost ~]# yum remove mysql  ##卸载mysql

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/    ##将mysql源码包下载到/opt目录下

[root@localhost opt]# ls

mysql-5.5.44.tar.gz 

[root@localhost opt]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl cmake  ##安装依赖包，由于MySQL5.5版本以后需要用cmake编译，所以需要安装cmake

[root@localhost opt]# tar xf mysql-5.5.44.tar.gz   ##解压mysql

[root@localhost opt]# cd mysql-5.5.44    ##cd到mysql解压目录

####使用cmake编译MySQL，指定安装目录为/opt/mysql,数据目录为/opt/mydata/data,配置文件目录为/opt/mysql

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql \ 

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mydata/data \

-DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \

-DWITH_SSL=system \

-DWITH_ZLIB=system \

-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# make

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# make install

##创建程序用户，程序组。创建mysql数据目录，将/opt/mysql目录的属主和属组改为MySQL用户MySQL组

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# groupadd -r mysql  ##创建mysql程序组

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# useradd -g mysql -r -d /opt/mydata/data/ mysql  ##创建mysql用户

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# mkdir -p /opt/mydata/data  ##创建数据目录

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql  ##修改mysql安装目录的属组属主

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /opt/mysql/my.cnf ##为mysql提供配置文件

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# vi /opt/mysql/my.cnf ##在[mysqld]段内添加datadir= /opt/mydata/data

###为mysql提供启动脚本

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld  

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld ##添加执行权限

##初始化数据库，出现两个OK就初始化成功啦

[root@localhost mysql-5.5.44]# cd /opt/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/mydata/data/

[root@localhost mysql]# ls /opt/mydata/data/   ##初始化后就可以看到如下内容

mysql  mysql-bin.000001  mysql-bin.000002  mysql-bin.index  performance_schema  test

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start   ##启动mysql

Starting MySQL...                                          [确定]

[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -an | grep 3306    ##查看3306端口是否开启

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh  ##为mysql配置环境变量，添加如下内容

export PATH=/opt/mysql/bin/:PATH

[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh ##重新识别，至此MySQL就安装结束了

二、配置MySQL主从

1、首先配置主服务器

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop

[root@localhost ~]# vi /opt/mysql/my.cnf ##在[mysqld]段内添加如下内容

[mysqld]

log-bin=mysql-bin       ###########启用二进制日志#############

server-id=1        ###########服务器唯一ID###########

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL..                                           [确定]

[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password "123"  #默认root用户密码为空，修改密码为123

Enter password: 

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p   ##登陆mysql终端，授权给从服务器，如下面绿色内容

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.5.44-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

####授权给从服务器####

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘root‘@‘192.168.1.189‘ identified by ‘123‘;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;   ###刷新

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;   ##查询主数据库状态

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000005 |      333 |              |                  |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

###这里需要记录 File 以及 Position 的值，在操作从服务器时会用到，以你自身服务器的为准###

2、配置从服务器

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop  ##停止mysql数据库

Shutting down MySQL.                                       [确定]

[root@localhost ~]# vi /opt/mysql/my.cnf ##在[mysqld]段内添加如下内容

[mysqld]

log-bin=mysql-bin       ###########启用二进制日志#############

server-id=2       ###########服务器唯一ID###########

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start  ##启动数据库

Starting MySQL..                                           [确定]

[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password "123"  #默认root用户密码为空，修改密码为123

Enter password:

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p   ###登陆mysql终端，执行如下绿色字体SQL语句

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.5.44-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

###执行同步SQL语句###

mysql> change master to

    -> master_host=‘192.168.1.188‘,

    -> master_user=‘root‘,

    -> master_password=‘123‘,

    -> master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000005‘,

    -> master_log_pos=333;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec)

###启动Slave 同步进程####

mysql> start slave;  

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

####主从同步检查####

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: 

                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.188

                  Master_User: root

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 333

               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002

                Relay_Log_Pos: 4

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005

             Slave_IO_Running: No   ###这里应当为yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB: 

          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 

           Replicate_Do_Table: 

       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error: 

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 333

              Relay_Log_Space: 107

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File: 

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File: 

           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 

              Master_SSL_Cert: 

            Master_SSL_Cipher: 

               Master_SSL_Key: 

        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 1593

                Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server ids; these ids must be different for replication to work (or the --replicate-same-server-id option must be used on slave but this does not always make sense; please check the manual before using it).

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error: 

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 

             Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

#####出现上方红色内容错误，由于主和从的server-id相同导致，解决办法如下########

mysql> show variables like ‘server_id‘;   ###查看server-id

+---------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------+-------+

| server_id     | 1     |

+---------------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> stop slave;   ###停止slave

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global server_id=2;   ###手动修改server-id为2

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> slave start;   ###再次启动slave

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G   ####再次主从同步检查，发现两个都为yes####

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.188

                  Master_User: root

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 333

               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000003

                Relay_Log_Pos: 253

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB: 

          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 

           Replicate_Do_Table: 

       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error: 

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 333

              Relay_Log_Space: 413

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File: 

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File: 

           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 

              Master_SSL_Cert: 

            Master_SSL_Cipher: 

               Master_SSL_Key: 

        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error: 

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error: 

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 

             Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

#################################到这里整个MYSQL主从的复制就完成了############################

三、测试主从服务器是否能够同步，在主服务器test数据库上创建一张名为data的表，看从服务器是否能够同步过去。

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p   ###这里为主服务器上的操作

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 5

Server version: 5.5.44-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use test;  ##切换数据库到test

Database changed

##创建data表，字段name,address,phone

mysql> create table data(name varchar(20),address varchar(20),phone varchar(20));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

###插入内容，name=jerry,address=beijing,phone=13566666666

mysql> insert into data(name,address,phone) values (‘jerry‘,‘beijing‘,‘13566666666‘);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> select * from data;   ##执行select语句查询data表中的内容

+-------+---------+-------------+

| name  | address | phone       |

+-------+---------+-------------+

| jerry | beijing | 13566666666 |

+-------+---------+-------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

####################切换到从服务器验证是否同步############################

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 6

Server version: 5.5.44-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use test; ##切换到test数据库

Database changed

mysql> show tables;  ##查看表

+----------------+

| Tables_in_test |

+----------------+

| data           |

+----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from data;   ##执行select语句查看已经同步

+-------+---------+-------------+

| name  | address | phone       |

+-------+---------+-------------+

| jerry | beijing | 13566666666 |

+-------+---------+-------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

###########################至此MySQL安装+主从复制已经全部结束##############################

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