sql server中的行转列

浏览数：22 / 时间：2015年06月12日

PIVOT syntax:

SELECT ..... FROM pivoted_table

pivoted_table ::= table_source PIVOT <pivot_clause> table_alias

table_source ::= table,view, sub-query,XML......, 即SQL语句From关键字后可以跟的所有东西，定义太复杂，这里就不写了

       pivot_clause ::=(  aggregate_function ( value_column )
                                    FOR pivot_column
                                    IN ( <column_list> )
                                 )

UNPIVOT syntax:

SELECT ..... FROM unpivoted_table

unpivoted_table ::= table_source UNPIVOT <unpivot_clause> table_alias

table_source ::= Table, view, sub-query, XML..., 即SQL语句From关键字后可以跟的所有东西，定义太复杂，这里就不写了

unpivot_clause ::= ( value_column FOR pivot_column IN ( <column_list> ) )

PIVOT example：

CREATE TABLE Score ( StuNo varchar(10), StuName varchar(50), CourseName varchar(50), Score int);
    GO
    INSERT INTO Score (StuNo, StuName, CourseName, Score) VALUES (‘1‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Math‘, 80);
    INSERT INTO Score (StuNo, StuName, CourseName, Score) VALUES (‘1‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘English‘, 82);
    INSERT INTO Score (StuNo, StuName, CourseName, Score) VALUES (‘1‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Geography‘, 84);
    INSERT INTO Score (StuNo, StuName, CourseName, Score) VALUES (‘2‘, ‘Jone‘, ‘Math‘, 79);
    INSERT INTO Score (StuNo, StuName, CourseName, Score) VALUES (‘2‘, ‘Jone‘, ‘English‘, 88);
    INSERT INTO Score (StuNo, StuName, CourseName, Score) VALUES (‘2‘, ‘Jone‘, ‘Geography‘, 86);
    GO
 
    SELECT * FROM Score;

     StuNo StuName CourseName Score
      1    　　 Tom     Math       80
      1    　　 Tom     English    82
      1  　　   Tom     Geography 84
      2  　　   Jone    Math       79
      2   　　 Jone    English    88
      2 　　    Jone    Geography 86

--Change row to column:
SELECT StuNo, StuName, Math, English, Geography
    FROM Score
    PIVOT ( MAX(Score) FOR CourseName in (Math, English, Geography) ) AS ScoreList
    ORDER BY StuNo;

    StuNo StuName Math English Geography
      1    　　 Tom      80    82       84
      2    　　 Jone     79    88       86

 DROP TABLE Score;
    GO

UNPIVOT example:

CREATE TABLE ScoreList ( StuNo varchar(10), StuName varchar(50), Math int, English int, Geography int);
    GO
    INSERT INTO ScoreList (StuNo, StuName, Math, English, Geography) VALUES (‘1‘, ‘Tom‘, 80, 82, 84);
    INSERT INTO ScoreList (StuNo, StuName, Math, English, Geography) VALUES (‘2‘, ‘Jone‘, 79, 88, 86);
    GO
 
    SELECT * FROM ScoreList;

    StuNo StuName Math English Geography
      1   　　 Tom      80    82       84
      2 　　    Jone     79    88       86

--Change column values to row:
    SELECT StuNo, StuName, CourseName, Score
    FROM ScoreList
    UNPIVOT ( Score FOR CourseName in (Math, English, Geography) ) AS ScorePvtTable
    ORDER BY StuNo;

    StuNo StuName CourseName Score
      1     Tom     Math       80
      1     Tom     English    82
      1     Tom     Geography 84
      2     Jone    Math       79
      2     Jone    English    88
      2     Jone    Geography 86