MySQL安装篇

环境介绍
    系统：CentOS 5.8 64位

    MySQL版本:mysql-5.6.22-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

注意:以二进制安装。因为MySQL的编译需要很长的时间。

安装步骤
    1.安装的前期准备工作。
        a.关闭selinux
            vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
            SELINUX=DISABLED

        b.临时关闭
            setenforce 0
        c.关闭防火墙
            service iptables stop

    其中方法a和方法b任选一个，但是方法a需要重启服务器才能生效。

    2.官网下载需要安装MySQL的二进制包,下载的安装包我放在/opt/software目录下
    3.解压缩安装包
        a.mkdir /opt/mysql
        b.cd /opt/mysql
        c.tar -zxf /opt/software/mysql-5.6.22-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
        d.cd /usr/local
        e.ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
    4.创建用户组以及用户
        a.groupadd mysql
        b.useradd -g mysql -d /data/mysql/mysql_3306 -s /sbin/nologin mysql
    5.创建配置文件
        a.cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
    6.初始化数据库
        a.mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql_3306
        b.chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
        c.cd /usr/local/mysql
        e. ./script/mysql_install_db -user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3306
    7.添加环境变量
        a.echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin">>/etc/profile
        b.source /etc/profile
    8.启动
        a.cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
        b./etc/init.d/mysqld start
安装过程出现的错误：
    1.在启动时报错：

    这个时候查看MySQL的错误日志如下图:

    出现这种问题解决办法是：
        a.删除/data/mysql/mysql_3306目录下的所有文件
        b.再次初始化数据库
            ./mysql_install_db -user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3306 --ldata=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data

    当然初始化数据还有另外的一种方式./mysql_install_db -user=mysql --defautls-file=/etc/my.cnf。最后需要记住的是初始化数据库一定要在basedir下进行。

我目前在安装的时候就出现了这么一个问题，要是还出现其他的问题可以留言交流，下边是我的配置文件。

[root@localhost support-files]# cat /etc/my.cnf 
#my.cnf
[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql]
prompt="\\u@\\h:\p  \\R:\\m:\\s [\\d]>"
#tee=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/query.log
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log = /opt/mysql/mysqld_multi.log

[mysqld]
#misc
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
event_scheduler = 0

#timeout
interactive_timeout = 300
wait_timeout = 300

#character set
character-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit = 65535
max_connections = 100
max_connect_errors = 100000

skip-name-resolve = 1
#logs
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
log-error = error.log
log_warnings = 2
pid-file = mysql.pid
long_query_time = 1
#log-slow-admin-statements = 1
#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
log-slow-slave-statements = 1


#binlog
binlog_format = mixed
server-id = 203306
log-bin = mybinlog
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_size = 1G
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
sync_binlog = 0
expire_logs_days = 10

#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1
max_relay_log_size = 1G
relay_log_purge = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
log_slave_updates
#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
#buffers & cache
table_open_cache = 2048
table_definition_cache = 2048
table_open_cache = 2048
max_heap_table_size = 96M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 256
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_limit = 256K
query_cache_min_res_unit = 512
thread_stack = 192K
tmp_table_size = 96M
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M

#myisam
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1

#innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_log_file_size = 500M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
innodb_status_file = 1
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

#端口号为3306的实例特殊配置
[mysqld3306]
port =3306 
server-id=203306
#指定本实例相应版本的basedir和datadir
basedir= /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data
socket          = /tmp/mysql_3306.sock
#重新配置这几个选项，不与全局配置一样，会直接覆盖上面的全局设置
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m
#transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

[mysqld3308]
port=3308
server-id=203308
#binlog-do-db=db01
basedir= /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3308/data
socket          = /tmp/mysql_3308.sock
#重新配置这几个选项，不与全局配置一样，会直接覆盖上面的全局设置
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
sync_binlog = 0


[mysqld3309]
port=3309
server-id=203309
#binlog-do-db=db01
basedir= /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3309/data
socket          = /tmp/mysql_3309.sock
#重新配置这几个选项，不与全局配置一样，会直接覆盖上面的全局设置
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
sync_binlog = 0