Real-Time SQL Monitoring using DBMS_SQLTUNE
Real-Time SQL Monitoring reports are available from three locations:
- Enterprise Manager - Click the "Performance" tab, then the "SQL Monitoring" link at the bottom-right of the page to display the "Monitored SQL Executions" screen. Click the
SQL_ID
of interest to display the SQL monitoring report. - SQL Developer - Available from the "Tools > Monitor SQL" menu.
- DBMS_SQLTUNE package.
In this article I will demonstrate the use of the DBMS_SQLTUNE
package to display SQL monitoring reports without using Enterprise Manager or SQL Developer. This article has been updated to include additional functionality
introduced in Oracle 11g Release 2.
- Introduction
- MONITOR Hint
- REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
- REPORT_SQL_MONITOR_LIST
- REPORT_SQL_DETAIL
- Active HTML Reports Offline
- Views
Related articles.
- Explain Plan Usage
- DBMS_XPLAN : Display Oracle Execution Plans
- SQL trace, 10046, trcsess and tkprof in Oracle
Introduction
Oracle 11g automatically monitors SQL statements if they are run in parallel, or consume 5 or more seconds of CPU or I/O in a single execution. This allows resource intensive SQL to be monitored as it is executing, as well as giving access to detailed information about queries once they are complete.
SQL monitoring requires the STATISTICS_LEVEL
parameter to be set to ‘TYPICAL‘ or ‘ALL‘, and the CONTROL_MANAGEMENT_PACK_ACCESS
parameter set to ‘DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING‘.
SQL> CONN / AS SYSDBA Connected. SQL> SHOW PARAMETER statistics_level NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ statistics_level string TYPICAL SQL> SHOW PARAMETER control_management_pack_access NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING SQL>
MONITOR Hint
The MONITOR
hint switches on SQL monitoring for statements that would not otherwise initiate it.
SELECT /*+ MONITOR */ d.dname, WM_CONCAT(e.ename) AS employees FROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.deptno = d.deptno GROUP BY d.dname ORDER BY d.dname;
REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
The REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
function is used to return a SQL monitoring report for a specific SQL statement. The SQL statement can be identified using a variety of parameters, but it will typically be identified using the SQL_ID
parameter.
The function can accept many optional parameters, shown here, but most of the time you will probably only use the following.
SQL_ID
- TheSQL_ID
of the query of interest. When NULL (the default) the last monitored statement is targeted.SQL_EXEC_ID
- When theSQL_ID
is specified, theSQL_EXEC_ID
indicates the individual execution of interest. When NULL (the default) the most recent execution of the statement targeted by theSQL_ID
is assumed.REPORT_LEVEL
- The amount of information displayed in the report. The basic allowed values are ‘NONE‘, ‘BASIC‘, ‘TYPICAL‘ or ‘ALL‘, but the information displayed can be modified further by adding (+) or subtracting (-) named report sections (eg. ‘BASIC +PLAN +BINDS‘ or ‘ALL -PLAN‘). This is similar to the way DBMS_XPLAN output can be tailored in the later releases. I almost always use ‘ALL‘.TYPE
- The format used to display the report (‘TEXT‘, ‘HTML‘, ‘XML‘ or ‘ACTIVE‘). The ‘ACTIVE‘ setting is new to Oracle 11g Release 2 and displays the output using HTML and Flash, similar to the way it is shown in Enterprise Manager.SESSION_ID
- Targets a subset of queries based on the specified SID. UseSYS_CONTEXT(‘USERENV‘,‘SID‘)
for the current session.
The report accesses several dynamic performance views, so you will most likely access it from a privileged user, or a user granted the SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE
role.
To see it in action, first we make sure we have a monitored statement to work with.
CONN scott/tiger SELECT /*+ MONITOR */ d.dname, WM_CONCAT(e.ename) AS employees FROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.deptno = d.deptno GROUP BY d.dname ORDER BY d.dname;
Monitored statements can be identified using the V$SQL_MONITOR
view. This view was present in Oracle 11g Release 1, but has additional columns in Oracle 11g Release 2, making it much more useful. It contains an entry for
each execution monitored, so it can contain multiple entries for individual SQL statements.
CONN / AS SYSDBA -- 11gR1 SELECT sql_id, status FROM v$sql_monitor; SQL_ID STATUS ------------- ------------------- 526mvccm5nfy4 DONE (ALL ROWS) SQL> -- 11gR2 SET LINESIZE 200 COLUMN sql_text FORMAT A80 SELECT sql_id, status, sql_text FROM v$sql_monitor WHERE username = ‘SCOTT‘; SQL_ID STATUS SQL_TEXT ------------- ------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 526mvccm5nfy4 DONE (ALL ROWS) SELECT /*+ MONITOR */ d.dname, WM_CONCAT(e.ename) AS employees FROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.deptno = d.deptno GROUP BY d.dname ORDER BY d.dname SQL>
Once the SQL_ID
is identified, we can generate a report using the REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
function.
SET LONG 1000000 SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000 SET LINESIZE 1000 SET PAGESIZE 0 SET TRIM ON SET TRIMSPOOL ON SET ECHO OFF SET FEEDBACK OFF SPOOL /host/report_sql_monitor.htm SELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor( sql_id => ‘526mvccm5nfy4‘, type => ‘HTML‘, report_level => ‘ALL‘) AS report FROM dual; SPOOL OFF
Examples of the output for each available TYPE
are displayed below.
- TEXT
- HTML
- XML
- ACTIVE - Active HTML available in 11gR2 requires a download of Javascript libraries and a Flash movie from an Oracle website, so
must be used on a PC connected to the internet, unless you download the relevant libraries and use the
BASE_PATH
parameter in the function call to identify their location.
REPORT_SQL_MONITOR_LIST
The REPORT_SQL_MONITOR_LIST
function was added in Oracle 11g Release 2 to generate a summary screen, similar to that on the "Monitored SQL Executions" page of Enterprise Manager. There are a number of parameters to filer
the content of the report (shown here), but most of the time you will probably only use the TYPE
and REPORT_LEVEL
parameters,
similar to those in the REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
function. The query below shows how the function can be used.
SET LONG 1000000 SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000 SET LINESIZE 1000 SET PAGESIZE 0 SET TRIM ON SET TRIMSPOOL ON SET ECHO OFF SET FEEDBACK OFF SPOOL /host/report_sql_monitor_list.htm SELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor_list( type => ‘HTML‘, report_level => ‘ALL‘) AS report FROM dual; SPOOL OFF
Examples of the output for each available TYPE
are displayed below.
- TEXT
- HTML
- XML
- ACTIVE - Active HTML is not currently supported, but the parameter list, specifically the
BASE_PATH
, suggest it will be supported in future.
REPORT_SQL_DETAIL
Although not documented as part of Real-Time SQL Monitoring, the REPORT_SQL_DETAIL
function added in Oracle 11g Release 2 returns a report containing SQL monitoring information. Once again, it has several parameters (shown
here), but you will probably only use a subset of them to target specific SQL statements, as shown below.
SET LONG 1000000 SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000 SET LINESIZE 1000 SET PAGESIZE 0 SET TRIM ON SET TRIMSPOOL ON SET ECHO OFF SET FEEDBACK OFF SPOOL /host/report_sql_detail.htm SELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_detail( sql_id => ‘526mvccm5nfy4‘, type => ‘ACTIVE‘, report_level => ‘ALL‘) AS report FROM dual; SPOOL OFF
Examples of the output for each available TYPE
are displayed below.
Active HTML Reports Offline
As mentioned previously, by default Active HTML available in 11gR2 require a download of Javascript libraries and a Flash movie from an Oracle website, so must be used on a PC connected to the internet. An alternative to this is to
download the relevant files to a HTTP server on your network (or local machine) and use the BASE_PATH
parameter to reference those files rather than the Oracle website.
To show this I will create a new directory under a HTTP server on my network and download the relevant files to it.
mkdir -p /var/www/html/sqlmon cd /var/www/html/sqlmon wget --mirror --no-host-directories --cut-dirs=1 http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/emviewers/scripts/flashver.js wget --mirror --no-host-directories --cut-dirs=1 http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/emviewers/scripts/loadswf.js wget --mirror --no-host-directories --cut-dirs=1 http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/emviewers/scripts/document.js wget --mirror --no-host-directories --cut-dirs=1 http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/emviewers/sqlmonitor/11/sqlmonitor.swf
When calling functions in the DBMS_SQLTUNE
package, I use the BASE_PATH
parameter with the value of "http://192.168.0.4/sqlmon" so the active report will use the local copies of the files, rather than accessing
them from the internet.
SET LONG 1000000 SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000 SET LINESIZE 1000 SET PAGESIZE 0 SET TRIM ON SET TRIMSPOOL ON SET ECHO OFF SET FEEDBACK OFF SPOOL /host/report_sql_monitor.htm SELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor( sql_id => ‘526mvccm5nfy4‘, type => ‘ACTIVE‘, report_level => ‘ALL‘, base_path => ‘http://192.168.0.4/sqlmon‘) AS report FROM dual; SPOOL OFF
Views
The SQL monitoring functionality accesses a number of existing views, but two new dynamic performance views have been added specifically as part of it.
For more information see:
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