Oracle传输表空间迁移数据库

本文是通过exp/imp方式实现，需要将数据库表空间处于只读模式，对于实时应用的生产数据库，可以采用rman方式进行传输表空间。  
执行表空间传输有以下限制条件:    
（1）源数据库和目标数据库必须处于相同的平台，10g以后可以用RMAN命令修改数据文件实现跨平台移动表空间。    
（2）对于源数据库和目标数据库版本不同时，源数据库的版本必须低于目标数据库。    
（3）两边数据库字符集和国家字符集必须一致。    
（4）目标数据库不能存在同名的表空间。

1. 查询oracle支持的平台转换

SQL> col PLATFORM_NAME for a40;  
SQL> select * from v$transportable_platform order by 3;

PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME                            ENDIAN_FORMAT  
----------- ---------------------------------------- --------------    
          6 AIX-Based Systems (64-bit)               Big    
         18 IBM Power Based Linux                    Big    
          2 Solaris[tm] OE (64-bit)                  Big    
          4 HP-UX IA (64-bit)                        Big    
         16 Apple Mac OS                             Big    
          1 Solaris[tm] OE (32-bit)                  Big    
          9 IBM zSeries Based Linux                  Big    
          3 HP-UX (64-bit)                           Big    
         17 Solaris Operating System (x86)           Little    
         20 Solaris Operating System (x86-64)        Little    
         12 Microsoft Windows x86 64-bit             Little    
         13 Linux x86 64-bit                         Little    
          8 Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit)            Little    
         19 HP IA Open VMS                           Little    
         11 Linux IA (64-bit)                        Little    
          5 HP Tru64 UNIX                            Little    
         10 Linux IA (32-bit)                        Little    
          7 Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit)            Little    
         15 HP Open VMS                              Little

2. 创建测试表空间和测试用户、表

SQL> create tablespace tjoa datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tjoa.dbf‘ size 10m autoextend on next 10m;  
SQL> create user abc identified by abc default tablespace TJOA;    
SQL> grant connect,resource to abc;    
SQL> conn abc/abc    
SQL> create table t as select * from all_objects;

3. 检查自包含性

SQL> conn / as sysdba  
SQL> execute dbms_tts.transport_set_check(ts_list=>‘TJOA‘,incl_constraints=>TRUE);    
SQL> select * from transport_set_violations;

设置表空间只读

SQL> alter tablespace TJOA read only;  
SQL> select tablespace_name, status from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name = ‘TJOA‘;

TABLESPACE_NAME                STATUS  
------------------------------ ---------    
TJOA                           READ ONLY

SQL>

4. 执行导出

exp \‘/ as sysdba \‘ file=tjoa.dmp transport_tablespace=y tablespaces=TJOA buffer=10240000

通过expdp方式：  
expdp \‘/ as sysdba \‘ dumpfile=tjoa.dmp directory=dump_dir transport_tablespaces=TJOA

5. 源库将表空间设置为读写状态

SQL> alter tablespace TJOA read write;

6. 模拟平台转换

windows/linux平台都不需要转换。

使用rman的convert命令转换文件示例如下：  
$ rman target /    
RMAN> convert tablespace TJOA to platform ‘Linux IA (32-bit)‘ format ‘/u01/%U‘;

7. 复制表空间转换后的数据文件及导出文件到目标平台

scp tjoa.dmp 192.168.233.160:/home/oracle    
scp tjoa.dbf 192.168.233.160:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/

8. 先在目标数据库创建用户abc

SQL> create user abc identified by abc;  
SQL> grant connect,resource to abc;

9. 导入表空间

imp \‘/ as sysdba \‘ file=tjoa.dmp transport_tablespace=y tablespaces=TJOA datafiles=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tjoa.dbf

通过impdp方式：  
impdp \‘/ as sysdba \‘ dumpfile=tjoa.dmp directory=dump_dir transport_datafiles=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tjoa.dbf remap_schema=tjoa:tjoa

10. 目标库配置

SQL> alter user abc default tablespace TJOA;  
SQL> select tablespace_name, status from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name = ‘TJOA‘;    
SQL> alter tablespace TJOA read write;

SQL> conn / as sysdba;  
Connected.    
SQL> alter user abc default tablespace TJOA;

User altered.

SQL> select tablespace_name, status from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name = ‘TJOA‘;

TABLESPACE_NAME                STATUS  
------------------------------ ---------    
TJOA                           READ ONLY

SQL>    
SQL>    
SQL> alter tablespace TJOA read write;

Tablespace altered.

SQL>    
SQL> select tablespace_name, status from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name = ‘TJOA‘;

TABLESPACE_NAME                STATUS  
------------------------------ ---------    
TJOA                           ONLINE

SQL>

本文出自 “koumm的linux技术博客” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://koumm.blog.51cto.com/703525/1574822