USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Verify that the stored procedure does not exist.
IF OBJECT_ID (‘usp_GetErrorInfo‘, ‘P‘) IS NOT NULL
    DROP PROCEDURE usp_GetErrorInfo;
GO

-- Create a procedure to retrieve error information.
CREATE PROCEDURE usp_GetErrorInfo
AS
    SELECT 
        ERROR_NUMBER() AS ErrorNumber,
        ERROR_SEVERITY() AS ErrorSeverity,
        ERROR_STATE() as ErrorState,
        ERROR_PROCEDURE() as ErrorProcedure,
        ERROR_LINE() as ErrorLine,
        ERROR_MESSAGE() as ErrorMessage;
GO

BEGIN TRY
    -- Generate divide-by-zero error.
    SELECT 1/0;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    -- Execute the error retrieval routine.
    EXECUTE usp_GetErrorInfo;
END CATCH;
GO

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

BEGIN TRY
    -- This PRINT statement will not run because the batch
    -- does not begin execution.
    PRINT N‘Starting execution‘;

    -- This SELECT statement contains a syntax error that
    -- stops the batch from compiling successfully.
    SELECT ** FROM HumanResources.Employee;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    SELECT 
        ERROR_NUMBER() AS ErrorNumber,
        ERROR_MESSAGE() AS ErrorMessage;
END CATCH;
GO

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

BEGIN TRY
    -- This PRINT statement will run because the error
    -- occurs at the SELECT statement.
    PRINT N‘Starting execution‘;

    -- This SELECT statement will generate an object name
    -- resolution error because the table does not exist.
    SELECT * FROM NonExistentTable;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    SELECT 
        ERROR_NUMBER() AS ErrorNumber,
        ERROR_MESSAGE() AS ErrorMessage;
END CATCH;
GO

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Verify that the stored procedure does not already exist.
IF OBJECT_ID (‘usp_MyError‘, ‘P‘) IS NOT NULL
    DROP PROCEDURE usp_MyError;
GO

CREATE PROCEDURE usp_MyError
AS
    -- This SELECT statement will generate
    -- an object name resolution error.
    SELECT * FROM NonExistentTable;
GO

BEGIN TRY
    -- Run the stored procedure.
    EXECUTE usp_MyError;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    SELECT 
        ERROR_NUMBER() AS ErrorNumber,
        ERROR_MESSAGE() AS ErrorMessage;
END CATCH;
GO

ErrorNumber ErrorMessage
----------- ---------------------------------------
208         Invalid object name ‘NonExistentTable‘.

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Verify that the table does not exist.
IF OBJECT_ID (N‘my_books‘, N‘U‘) IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE my_books;
GO

-- Create table my_books.
CREATE TABLE my_books
    (
    Isbn        int PRIMARY KEY,
    Title       NVARCHAR(100)
    );
GO

BEGIN TRY
    BEGIN TRANSACTION;
        -- This statement will generate an error because the 
        -- column author does not exist in the table.
        ALTER TABLE my_books
            DROP COLUMN author;
    -- If the DDL statement succeeds, commit the transaction.
    COMMIT TRANSACTION;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    SELECT
        ERROR_NUMBER() as ErrorNumber,
        ERROR_MESSAGE() as ErrorMessage;

    -- Test XACT_STATE for 1 or -1.
    -- XACT_STATE = 0 means there is no transaction and
    -- a commit or rollback operation would generate an error.

    -- Test whether the transaction is uncommittable.
    IF (XACT_STATE()) = -1
    BEGIN
        PRINT
            N‘The transaction is in an uncommittable state. ‘ +
            ‘Rolling back transaction.‘
        ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
    END;

    -- Test whether the transaction is active and valid.
    IF (XACT_STATE()) = 1
    BEGIN
        PRINT
            N‘The transaction is committable. ‘ +
            ‘Committing transaction.‘
        COMMIT TRANSACTION;   
    END;
END CATCH;
GO

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Verify that the table does not exist.
IF OBJECT_ID (N‘my_sales‘,N‘U‘) IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE my_sales;
GO

-- Create and populate the table for deadlock simulation.
CREATE TABLE my_sales 
    (
    Itemid       INT PRIMARY KEY,
    Sales        INT not null
    );
GO

INSERT my_sales (itemid, sales) VALUES (1, 1);
INSERT my_sales (itemid, sales) VALUES (2, 1);
GO
  
-- Verify that the stored procedure for error printing
-- does not exist.
IF OBJECT_ID (N‘usp_MyErrorLog‘,N‘P‘) IS NOT NULL
    DROP PROCEDURE usp_MyErrorLog;
GO

-- Create a stored procedure for printing error information.
CREATE PROCEDURE usp_MyErrorLog
AS
    PRINT 
        ‘Error ‘ + CONVERT(VARCHAR(50), ERROR_NUMBER()) +
        ‘, Severity ‘ + CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), ERROR_SEVERITY()) +
        ‘, State ‘ + CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), ERROR_STATE()) + 
        ‘, Line ‘ + CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), ERROR_LINE());
    PRINT 
        ERROR_MESSAGE();
GO

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Verify that stored procedure does not exist.
IF OBJECT_ID (N‘usp_RethrowError‘,N‘P‘) IS NOT NULL
    DROP PROCEDURE usp_RethrowError;
GO

-- Create the stored procedure to generate an error using 
-- RAISERROR. The original error information is used to
-- construct the msg_str for RAISERROR.
CREATE PROCEDURE usp_RethrowError AS
    -- Return if there is no error information to retrieve.
    IF ERROR_NUMBER() IS NULL
        RETURN;

    DECLARE 
        @ErrorMessage    NVARCHAR(4000),
        @ErrorNumber     INT,
        @ErrorSeverity   INT,
        @ErrorState      INT,
        @ErrorLine       INT,
        @ErrorProcedure  NVARCHAR(200);

    -- Assign variables to error-handling functions that 
    -- capture information for RAISERROR.
    SELECT 
        @ErrorNumber = ERROR_NUMBER(),
        @ErrorSeverity = ERROR_SEVERITY(),
        @ErrorState = ERROR_STATE(),
        @ErrorLine = ERROR_LINE(),
        @ErrorProcedure = ISNULL(ERROR_PROCEDURE(), ‘-‘);

    -- Build the message string that will contain original
    -- error information.
    SELECT @ErrorMessage = 
        N‘Error %d, Level %d, State %d, Procedure %s, Line %d, ‘ + 
            ‘Message: ‘+ ERROR_MESSAGE();

    -- Raise an error: msg_str parameter of RAISERROR will contain
    -- the original error information.
    RAISERROR 
        (
        @ErrorMessage, 
        @ErrorSeverity, 
        1,               
        @ErrorNumber,    -- parameter: original error number.
        @ErrorSeverity,  -- parameter: original error severity.
        @ErrorState,     -- parameter: original error state.
        @ErrorProcedure, -- parameter: original error procedure name.
        @ErrorLine       -- parameter: original error line number.
        );
GO

-- Verify that stored procedure does not exist.
IF OBJECT_ID (N‘usp_GenerateError‘,N‘P‘) IS NOT NULL
    DROP PROCEDURE usp_GenerateError;
GO

-- Create a stored procedure that generates a constraint violation
-- error. The error is caught by the CATCH block where it is 
-- raised again by executing usp_RethrowError.
CREATE PROCEDURE usp_GenerateError 
AS 
    BEGIN TRY
        -- A FOREIGN KEY constraint exists on the table. This 
        -- statement will generate a constraint violation error.
        DELETE FROM Production.Product
            WHERE ProductID = 980;
    END TRY
    BEGIN CATCH
        -- Call the procedure to raise the original error.
        EXEC usp_RethrowError;
    END CATCH;
GO

-- In the following batch, an error occurs inside 
-- usp_GenerateError that invokes the CATCH block in
-- usp_GenerateError. RAISERROR inside this CATCH block
-- generates an error that invokes the outer CATCH
-- block in the calling batch.
BEGIN TRY  -- outer TRY
    -- Call the procedure to generate an error.
    EXECUTE usp_GenerateError;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH  -- Outer CATCH
    SELECT
        ERROR_NUMBER() as ErrorNumber,
        ERROR_MESSAGE() as ErrorMessage;
END CATCH;
GO

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[uspLogError] 
    @ErrorLogID [int] = 0 OUTPUT  -- Contains the ErrorLogID of the row inserted
                                  -- by uspLogError in the ErrorLog table.

AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

    -- Output parameter value of 0 indicates that error 
    -- information was not logged.
    SET @ErrorLogID = 0;

    BEGIN TRY
        -- Return if there is no error information to log.
        IF ERROR_NUMBER() IS NULL
            RETURN;

        -- Return if inside an uncommittable transaction.
        -- Data insertion/modification is not allowed when 
        -- a transaction is in an uncommittable state.
        IF XACT_STATE() = -1
        BEGIN
            PRINT ‘Cannot log error since the current transaction is in an uncommittable state. ‘ 
                + ‘Rollback the transaction before executing uspLogError in order to successfully log error information.‘;
            RETURN;
        END;

        INSERT [dbo].[ErrorLog] 
            (
            [UserName], 
            [ErrorNumber], 
            [ErrorSeverity], 
            [ErrorState], 
            [ErrorProcedure], 
            [ErrorLine], 
            [ErrorMessage]
            ) 
        VALUES 
            (
            CONVERT(sysname, CURRENT_USER), 
            ERROR_NUMBER(),
            ERROR_SEVERITY(),
            ERROR_STATE(),
            ERROR_PROCEDURE(),
            ERROR_LINE(),
            ERROR_MESSAGE()
            );

        -- Pass back the ErrorLogID of the row inserted
        SELECT @ErrorLogID = @@IDENTITY;
    END TRY
    BEGIN CATCH
        PRINT ‘An error occurred in stored procedure uspLogError: ‘;
        EXECUTE [dbo].[uspPrintError];
        RETURN -1;
    END CATCH
END; 

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[uspPrintError] 
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

    -- Print error information. 
    PRINT ‘Error ‘ + CONVERT(varchar(50), ERROR_NUMBER()) +
          ‘, Severity ‘ + CONVERT(varchar(5), ERROR_SEVERITY()) +
          ‘, State ‘ + CONVERT(varchar(5), ERROR_STATE()) + 
          ‘, Procedure ‘ + ISNULL(ERROR_PROCEDURE(), ‘-‘) + 
          ‘, Line ‘ + CONVERT(varchar(5), ERROR_LINE());
    PRINT ERROR_MESSAGE();
END;

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO

-- Variable to store ErrorLogID value of the row
-- inserted in the ErrorLog table by uspLogError 
DECLARE @ErrorLogID INT;

BEGIN TRY
    BEGIN TRANSACTION;

    -- A FOREIGN KEY constraint exists on this table. This 
    -- statement will generate a constraint violation error.
    DELETE FROM Production.Product
        WHERE ProductID = 980;

    -- If the delete operation succeeds, commit the transaction.
    COMMIT TRANSACTION;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    -- Call procedure to print error information.
    EXECUTE dbo.uspPrintError;

    -- Roll back any active or uncommittable transactions before
    -- inserting information in the ErrorLog.
    IF XACT_STATE() <> 0
    BEGIN
        ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
    END

    EXECUTE dbo.uspLogError @ErrorLogID = @ErrorLogID OUTPUT;
END CATCH; 

-- Retrieve logged error information.
SELECT * FROM dbo.ErrorLog WHERE ErrorLogID = @ErrorLogID;
GO

BEGIN TRY
    BEGIN TRY
        SELECT CAST(‘invalid_date‘ AS datetime)
    END TRY
    BEGIN CATCH 
        PRINT ‘Inner TRY error number: ‘ +    
            CONVERT(varchar,ERROR_NUMBER()) + ‘ on line: ‘ +
            CONVERT(varchar, ERROR_LINE())
    END CATCH
    SELECT CAST(‘invalid_int‘ AS int)
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    PRINT ‘Outer TRY error mumber: ‘ + CONVERT(varchar,ERROR_NUMBER())+ 
            ‘ on line: ‘ + CONVERT(varchar, ERROR_LINE())
END CATCH