细细品味Ubuntu Scope中的category renderer模版

浏览数：18 / 时间：2015年06月20日

当我第一次接触Ubuntu Scope时，我发现这个Category Renderer太神奇。它可以把我们想要的数据很简单而直接的方式呈现给我们。但是由于资料的限制，我们很难知道它最终的显示的形式是什么样的。我们可以在我们的英文的网站的文章“Customization and branding”找到一下信息。但是总觉得意犹未尽，加之没有代码，有时很难理解它到底讲的是什么。在这篇文章中，我们来详细地介绍各种模版，并看看它们的显示格式。详细这对广大的开发者来说非常有用。我们可以修改这些模版来显示我们所需要的内容。


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创建一个最基本的Scope


我们可以利用我们的Ubuntu SDK来创建一个最基本的Scope应用。为了说明问题的方便，我们在这个Scope里，不准备从网路上抓取任何的数据。所有的数据都是从本地来。为了达到这个目的，我们在我们的scope.cpp中做了如下的修改：

scope.cpp


sc::SearchQueryBase::UPtr Scope::search(const sc::CannedQuery &query,
                                        const sc::SearchMetadata &metadata) {
    const QString scopePath = QString::fromStdString(scope_directory());
    // Boilerplate construction of Query
    return sc::SearchQueryBase::UPtr(new Query(query, metadata, scopePath, config_));
}

在这里，我们加入了scopePath，并把它传人到query类中。

query.cpp


Query::Query(const sc::CannedQuery &query, const sc::SearchMetadata &metadata,
     QString scopePath, Config::Ptr config) :
    sc::SearchQueryBase(query, metadata), scopePath_(scopePath), client_(config) {

    for ( int i = 0; i < 8; i ++ ) {
        QString name = QString("image").append(QString::number(i+1)).append(".jpg");
        QString image = QString("file://%1/images/%2").arg(scopePath).arg(name);
        images_ << image;
    }

    for ( int i = 0; i < 10; i ++ ) {
        QString name = QString("pic").append(QString::number(i+1)).append(".jpg");
        QString image = QString("file://%1/images/%2").arg(scopePath).arg(name);
        icons_ << image;
    }

    background_ = QString("file://%1/images/%2").arg(scopePath).arg("background.jpg");

}

在这里，我们得到scope的路径。我们在scope的安装目录中加入一个images的目录，并考入我们所需要的所有需要的文件：

liuxg@liuxg:~/scope/scopetemplates$ tree
.
├── cmake
│   ├── FindGMock.cmake
│   └── FindIntltool.cmake
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── CMakeLists.txt.user
├── data
│   ├── CMakeLists.txt
│   ├── icon.png
│   ├── images
│   │   ├── background.jpg
│   │   ├── image1.jpg
│   │   ├── image2.jpg
│   │   ├── image3.jpg
│   │   ├── image4.jpg
│   │   ├── image5.jpg
│   │   ├── image6.jpg
│   │   ├── image7.jpg
│   │   ├── image8.jpg
│   │   ├── pic10.jpg
│   │   ├── pic1.jpg
│   │   ├── pic2.jpg
│   │   ├── pic3.jpg
│   │   ├── pic4.jpg
│   │   ├── pic5.jpg
│   │   ├── pic6.jpg
│   │   ├── pic7.jpg
│   │   ├── pic8.jpg
│   │   └── pic9.jpg
│   ├── logo.png
│   ├── scopetemplates.liu-xiao-guo_scopetemplates.ini.in
│   └── screenshot.png
├── include
│   ├── api
│   │   ├── client.h
│   │   └── config.h
│   └── scope
│       ├── localization.h
│       ├── preview.h
│       ├── query.h
│       └── scope.h
├── manifest.json.in
├── po
│   ├── CMakeLists.txt
│   ├── Makefile.in.in
│   ├── POTFILES.in
│   └── scopetemplates.pot
├── readme.txt
├── scopetemplates.apparmor
├── setup.sh
├── src
│   ├── api
│   │   └── client.cpp
│   ├── CMakeLists.txt
│   └── scope
│       ├── preview.cpp
│       ├── query.cpp
│       └── scope.cpp
└── tests
    ├── CMakeLists.txt
    ├── server
    │   ├── forecast
    │   │   └── daily
    │   │       ├── London,uk.json
    │   │       ├── London,uk.xml
    │   │       ├── Manchester,uk.json
    │   │       └── Manchester,uk.xml
    │   ├── server.py
    │   └── weather
    │       ├── London,uk.json
    │       ├── London,uk.xml
    │       ├── Manchester,uk.json
    │       └── Manchester,uk.xml
    └── unit
        ├── CMakeLists.txt
        └── scope
            └── test-scope.cpp


为了能够push数据到我们所需要的界面，我们设计了如下的helper方法：

void Query::pushResult(sc::SearchReplyProxy const& reply,
                       const string renderer, int i) {
    stringstream ss;
    ss << i;
    string str = ss.str();

    auto cat = reply->register_category( "id" + str, "Template " + str ,
                                         "", sc::CategoryRenderer(renderer) );
    sc::CategorisedResult r(cat);
    r.set_uri( URI.toStdString() );
    r.set_art( images_[0].toStdString() );
    r["subtitle"] = "Subtitle " + str;
    r.set_title("Title " + str);
    r["summary"] = "Summary: " + str;
    r["fulldesc"] = "fulldesc: " + str;
    r["mascot"] = icons_[0].toStdString();
    r["emblem"] = icons_[1].toStdString();
    r["background"] = background_.toStdString();
    r["overlay-color"] = "#FF0000";

    QString likes = QString("%1 %2").arg(qstr(u8"\u261d "), "100");
    QString views = QString("%1 %2").arg(qstr(u8"   \u261f "), "99");
    std::string both = qstr("%1 %2").arg(likes,views).toStdString();
    sc::VariantBuilder builder;
    builder.add_tuple({
        {"value", Variant(both)}
    });
    builder.add_tuple({
        {"value", Variant("")}
    });
    r["attributes"] = builder.end();

    if (!reply->push(r))
        return;
}

void Query::pushResult(sc::SearchReplyProxy const& reply,
                       const std::shared_ptr<const Category> *cat, int i) {

    stringstream ss;
    ss << i;
    string str = ss.str();

    sc::CategorisedResult r(*cat);
    r.set_uri( URI.toStdString() );
    r.set_art( images_[i].toStdString() );
    r["subtitle"] = "Subtitle " + str;
    r.set_title("Title " + str);
    r["summary"] = "Summary: " + str;
    r["fulldesc"] = "fulldesc: " + str;
    r["mascot"] = icons_[0].toStdString();
    r["emblem"] = icons_[1].toStdString();

    QString likes = QString("%1 %2").arg(qstr(u8"\u261d "), "100");
    QString views = QString("%1 %2").arg(qstr(u8"   \u261f "), "99");
    std::string both = qstr("%1 %2").arg(likes,views).toStdString();
    sc::VariantBuilder builder;
    builder.add_tuple({
        {"value", Variant(both)}
    });
    builder.add_tuple({
        {"value", Variant("")}
    });
    r["attributes"] = builder.end();

    if (!reply->push(r))
        return;
}

这两个方法几乎加上了我们可以push的所有的项。如果大家需要有更多的了解，可以参阅“CategoryRenderer” API。


测试我们的CategoryRenderer模版



模版1


const static string CAT_RENDERER1
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "grid",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "large",
            "card-background": "#00FF00"
        },
        "components" :
        {
            "title" : "title",
            "art" : "art",
            "subtitle": "subtitle",
            "mascot": "mascot",
            "emblem": "emblem",
            "summary": "summary",
            "background": "background",
            "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
            "attributes": {
                "field": "attributes",
                "max-count": 2
            }
        }
    }
    )"
};

这个模版是一个非常全的模版，几乎涵盖了模版需要的所有的项。我们在可以通过如下的方式进行测试：

void Query::run(sc::SearchReplyProxy const& reply) {
    try {
        // The default is vertical
        pushResult(reply, CAT_RENDERER1, 1);


    } catch (domain_error &e) {
        // Handle exceptions being thrown by the client API
        cerr << e.what() << endl;
        reply->error(current_exception());
    }
}


显示的结果如下：

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从这里可以看出来，这是一个vertical的显示，上面是一个图片，下面是一些文字。几乎所有的东西它都有了。同时它使用了一个在上面右图显示的背景图作为背景图片。如果把背景图拿掉，这样看的更清楚一些，并使用“medium”大小的图片，显示的效果如下：

const static string CAT_RENDERER1
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "grid",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "medium",
            "card-background": "#00FF00"
        },
        "components" :
        {
            "title" : "title",
            "art" : "art",
            "subtitle": "subtitle",
            "mascot": "mascot",
            "emblem": "emblem",
            "summary": "summary",
            "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
            "attributes": {
                "field": "attributes",
                "max-count": 2
            }
        }
    }
    )"
};

技术分享


模版2


const static string CAT_RENDERER2
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "grid",
            "card-layout": "horizontal",
            "card-size" : "large",
            "card-background": "#00FF00"
        },
        "components" :
        {
            "title" : "title",
            "art" : "art",
            "subtitle": "subtitle",
            "mascot": "mascot",
            "emblem": "emblem",
            "summary": "summary",
            "background": "background",
            "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
            "attributes": {
                "field": "attributes",
                "max-count": 2
            }
        }
    }
    )"
};

技术分享

可以看出来，这是一个horizontal的显示。


模版3


const static string CAT_RENDERER3 = R"(
{
   "schema-version": 1,
    "template": {
        "category-layout": "grid",
        "card-layout": "horizontal",
        "card-size": "medium",
        "card-background": "#00FF00"
    },
    "components": {
        "title": "title",
        "art" : {
            "field": "art"
        },
       "subtitle": "subtitle",
        "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
        "attributes": {
            "field": "attributes",
            "max-count": 2
        }
    }
}
)";


技术分享


模版4

const static string CAT_RENDERER4
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "grid",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "medium"
        },
        "components" :
        {
            "title" : "title",
            "art" : "art",
            "subtitle": "subtitle",
            "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
            "attributes": {
                "field": "attributes",
                "max-count": 2
            }
        }
    }
    )"
};


技术分享


模版5


const static string CAT_RENDERER5
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "grid",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "medium"
        },
        "components":
        {
          "title": "title",
          "subtitle": "subtitle",
          "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
          "art" : {
            "field": "art",
            "aspect-ratio": 2.0
          },
          "attributes": {
              "field": "attributes",
              "max-count": 2
          }
        }
    }
    )"
};


技术分享


模版6


const static string CAT_RENDERER6
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "grid",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "medium"
        },
        "components":
        {
          "title": "title",
          "subtitle": "subtitle",
          "art" : {
            "field": "art",
            "aspect-ratio": 1.0
          },
          "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
          "attributes": {
              "field": "attributes",
              "max-count": 2
          }
        }
    }
    )"
};


技术分享


模版7


const static string CAT_RENDERER7
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "grid",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "medium",
            "overlay": true

        },
        "components":
        {
          "title": "title",
          "subtitle": "subtitle",
          "art" : {
            "field": "art",
            "aspect-ratio": 1.0
          },
          "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
          "attributes": {
              "field": "attributes",
              "max-count": 2
          }
        }
    }
    )"
};


技术分享

在这里，显示了一个overlay的效果。其实这个选项，可以加到任何一个其它的模版中去。这个练习让开发者自己去试吧。


模版8


const static string CAT_RENDERER8
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "grid",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "medium"
        },
        "components" :
        {
            "title" : "title",
            "art" : "art",
            "subtitle": "subtitle",
            "mascot": "mascot",
            "emblem": "emblem",
            "summary": "summary",
            "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
            "attributes": {
                "field": "attributes",
                "max-count": 2
            }
        }
    }
    )"
};


为了能对这个模版有多个显示，我特意添加了更多的数据显示，并使用如下的代码：

        auto cat = reply->register_category( "Grid", "Grid" ,
                                             "", sc::CategoryRenderer(CAT_RENDERER8) );

        for ( int i = 0; i < count/2; i ++ ) {
            pushResult( reply, &cat, i);
        }


技术分享


模版9


const static string CAT_RENDERER9
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "carousel",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "medium"
        },
        "components" :
        {
            "title" : "title",
            "art" : "art",
            "subtitle": "subtitle",
            "mascot": "mascot",
            "emblem": "emblem",
            "summary": "summary",
            "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
            "attributes": {
                "field": "attributes",
                "max-count": 2
            }
        }
    }
    )"
};

        int count = images_.count();

        auto cat = reply->register_category( "Carousel", "Carousel" ,
                                         "", sc::CategoryRenderer(CAT_RENDERER9) );

        for ( int i = 0; i < count; i ++ ) {
            pushResult( reply, &cat, i);
        }

技术分享


模版10


const std::string CAT_RENDERER10 = R"(
{
  "schema-version": 1,
  "template": {
    "category-layout": "grid",
    "card-size": "large",
    "overlay": true
  },
  "components": {
    "title": "title",
    "subtitle": "subtitle",
    "art" : {
      "field": "art",
      "aspect-ratio": 2.0
    }
  }
}



技术分享


模版11


const std::string CAT_RENDERER11 = R"(
{
        "schema-version" : 1,
        "template" : {
            "category-layout" : "vertical-journal",
            "card-layout": "horizontal",
            "card-size": "small",
            "collapsed-rows": 0
        },
        "components" : {
            "title":"title",
            "subtitle":"subtitle",
            "summary":"summary",
            "art":{
                "field": "art",
                "aspect-ratio": 2
            }
        }
})";


技术分享



模版12


const static string CAT_RENDERER12
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "vertical-journal",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "medium",
            "card-background": "#00FF00"
        },
        "components" :
        {
            "title" : "title",
            "art" : "art",
            "subtitle": "subtitle",
            "mascot": "mascot",
            "emblem": "emblem",
            "summary": "summary",
            "background": "background",
            "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
            "attributes": {
                "field": "attributes",
                "max-count": 2
            }
        }
    }
    )"
};

技术分享



模版13


const static string CAT_RENDERER13
{
    R"(
    {
        "schema_version" : 1,
        "template" :
        {
            "category-layout" : "horizontal-list",
            "card-layout": "vertical",
            "card-size" : "large",
            "card-background": "#00FF00"
        },
        "components" :
        {
            "title" : "title",
            "art" : "art",
            "subtitle": "subtitle",
            "mascot": "mascot",
            "emblem": "emblem",
            "summary": "summary",
            "background": "background",
            "overlay-color": "overlay-color",
            "attributes": {
                "field": "attributes",
                "max-count": 2
            }
        }
    }
    )"
};


        auto cat = reply->register_category( "horizontal-list", "horizontal-list" ,
                                         "", sc::CategoryRenderer(CAT_RENDERER13) );

        for ( int i = 0; i < count; i ++ ) {
            pushResult( reply, &cat, i);
        }



技术分享


整个项目的源码在： git clone https://gitcafe.com/ubuntu/scopetemplates.git

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