使用 traceroute解决 linux 中的 TCP/IP 问题

[root@nagios-monitor ~]# traceroute

Usage:

  traceroute [ -46dFITnreAUV ] [ -f first_ttl ] [ -g gate,... ] [ -i device ] [ -m max_ttl ] [ -N squeries ] [ -p port ] [ -t tos ] [ -l flow_label ] [ -w waittime ] [ -q nqueries ] [ -s src_addr ] [ -z sendwait ] host [ packetlen ]

Options:

  -4                          Use IPv4

  -6                          Use IPv6

  -d  --debug                 Enable socket level debugging

  -F  --dont-fragment         Do not fragment packets

  -f first_ttl  --first=first_ttl

                              Start from the first_ttl hop (instead from 1)

  -g gate,...  --gateway=gate,...

                              Route packets through the specified gateway

                              (maximum 8 for IPv4 and 127 for IPv6)

  -I  --icmp                  Use ICMP ECHO for tracerouting

  -T  --tcp                   Use TCP SYN for tracerouting

  -i device  --interface=device

                              Specify a network interface to operate with

  -m max_ttl  --max-hops=max_ttl

                              Set the max number of hops (max TTL to be

                              reached). Default is 30

  -N squeries  --sim-queries=squeries

                              Set the number of probes to be tried

                              simultaneously (default is 16)

  -n                          Do not resolve IP addresses to their domain names

  -p port  --port=port        Set the destination port to use. It is either

                              initial udp port value for "default" method

                              (incremented by each probe, default is 33434), or

                              initial seq for "icmp" (incremented as well,

                              default from 1), or some constant destination

                              port for other methods (with default of 80 for

                              "tcp", 53 for "udp", etc.)

  -t tos  --tos=tos           Set the TOS (IPv4 type of service) or TC (IPv6

                              traffic class) value for outgoing packets

  -l flow_label  --flowlabel=flow_label

                              Use specified flow_label for IPv6 packets

  -w waittime  --wait=waittime

                              Set the number of seconds to wait for response to

                              a probe (default is 5.0). Non-integer (float

                              point) values allowed too

  -q nqueries  --queries=nqueries

                              Set the number of probes per each hop. Default is

                              3

  -r                          Bypass the normal routing and send directly to a

                              host on an attached network

  -s src_addr  --source=src_addr

                              Use source src_addr for outgoing packets

  -z sendwait  --sendwait=sendwait

                              Minimal time interval between probes (default 0).

                              If the value is more than 10, then it specifies a

                              number in milliseconds, else it is a number of

                              seconds (float point values allowed too)

  -e  --extensions            Show ICMP extensions (if present), including MPLS

  -A  --as-path-lookups       Perform AS path lookups in routing registries and

                              print results directly after the corresponding

                              addresses

  -M name  --module=name      Use specified module (either builtin or external)

                              for traceroute operations. Most methods have

                              their shortcuts (`-I‘ means `-M icmp‘ etc.)

  -O OPTS,...  --options=OPTS,...

                              Use module-specific option OPTS for the

                              traceroute module. Several OPTS allowed,

                              separated by comma. If OPTS is "help", print info

                              about available options

  --sport=num                 Use source port num for outgoing packets. Implies

                              `-N 1‘

  -U  --udp                   Use UDP to particular port for tracerouting

                              (instead of increasing the port per each probe),

                              default port is 53

  -UL                         Use UDPLITE for tracerouting (default dest port

                              is 53)

  -P prot  --protocol=prot    Use raw packet of protocol prot for tracerouting

  --mtu                       Discover MTU along the path being traced. Implies

                              `-F -N 1‘

  --back                      Guess the number of hops in the backward path and

                              print if it differs

  -V  --version               Print version info and exit

  --help                      Read this help and exit

Arguments:

+     host          The host to traceroute to

      packetlen     The full packet length (default is the length of an IP

                    header plus 40). Can be ignored or increased to a minimal

                    allowed value

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