HDU 4045 Machine scheduling (组合数学-斯特林数,组合数学-排列组合)
Machine scheduling
Time Limit: 5000/2000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 1000 Accepted Submission(s): 363
Input will be four integers n,r,k,m.We assume that they are all between 1 and 1000.
5 2 3 2
6HintSample input means you can choose 1 and 4,1 and 5,2 and 5 in the same day. And you can make the machines in the same group or in the different group. So you got 6 schemes. 1 and 4 in same group,1 and 4 in different groups. 1 and 5 in same group,1 and 5 in different groups. 2 and 5 in same group,2 and 5 in different groups. We assume 1 in a group and 4 in b group is the same as 1 in b group and 4 in a group.
这题考的是排列组合
(1)首先,要从n个元素编号1~n中选出r个元素来,使得任意两个元素编号相差>=k
解法:先按照 1 k+1 2*k+1 .... (r-1)*k+1 也就是刚好 间隔 k个排列下来
那么 总共n个元素,剩余 n-(r-1)*k-1个元素可以看成空格,极为space,将它们插入这r个元素的r+1个空档中,
这样就能保证枚举了素有的方法数,切满足任意两个元素编号相差>=k的要求
所以这个问题简化为:将space个元素分配到r+1个区域中,可以为空
答案为:stir2[space][r+1],第二类斯特林数
(2)然后,再将选取的r个元素分为不超过g组,枚举想要的组数即可
只需要枚举对应的组数, 1~min(r,g)
转化问题:将n个元素最多分为m个集合,不为空的方案法,插板法,答案为:c[n+m-1][m-1]
解题代码:
#include <iostream> #include <cstdio> #include <cstring> #include <cmath> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; typedef long long ll; const ll mod=1000000007; const int maxn=1010; int n,r,m,g; ll c[2*maxn][2*maxn],stir2[maxn][maxn]; void ini(){ for(int i=1;i<2*maxn;i++){ c[i][0]=c[i][i]=1; for(int j=1;j<i;j++) c[i][j]=(c[i-1][j-1]+c[i-1][j])%mod; } for(int i=1;i<maxn;i++){ stir2[i][0]=0; stir2[i][i]=1; for(int j=1;j<i;j++) stir2[i][j]=((ll)j*stir2[i-1][j]+stir2[i-1][j-1])%mod; } } ll get1(ll n,ll m){//将n个元素最多分为m个集合,不为空的方案法。 return c[n+m-1][m-1]; } ll get2(ll n,ll m){//将n个元素分配到m个区域中,可以为空。 return stir2[n][m]; } void solve(){ int space=n-(r-1)*m-1; if(space<0){ printf("0\n"); return ; } ll ans=0; //将r个元素分为i组 for(int i=1;i<=min(r,g);i++){ ans=(ans+get2(r,i))%mod; } ans=( ans*get1(space,r+1) )%mod; cout<<ans<<endl; } int main(){ ini(); while(scanf("%d%d%d%d",&n,&r,&m,&g)!=EOF){ solve(); } return 0; }
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