linux 下载并安装Memcache服务器端
1.下载并安装Memcache服务器端
服务器端主要是安装memcache服务器端.
下载:http://www.danga.com/memcached/dist/memcached-1.2.2.tar.gz
另外,Memcache用到了libevent这个库用于Socket的处理,所以还需要安装libevent,libevent的最新版本是libevent-1.3。(如果你的系统已经安装了libevent,可以不用安装)
官网:http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
下载:http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.3.tar.gz
用wget指令直接下载这两个东西.下载回源文件后。
- 先安装libevent。这个东西在配置时需要指定一个安装路径,即./configure –prefix=/usr;然后make;然后make install;
- 再安装memcached,只是需要在配置时需要指定libevent的安装路径即./configure –with-libevent=/usr;然后make;然后make install;
这样就完成了Linux下Memcache服务器端的安装。详细的方法如下:
1.分别把memcached和libevent下载回来,放到 ~/tools目录下:
wget -c http://www.danga.com/memcached/dist/memcached-1.2.7.tar.gz wget -c http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.2.tar.gz
2.先安装libevent:
tar zxvf libevent-1.2.tar.gz cd libevent-1.2 ./configure make && make install
3.测试libevent是否安装成功:
[root@iZ23lt92evyZ libevent-1.2]# ls -al /usr/local/lib | grep libevent lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Oct 6 20:13 libevent-1.2.so.1 -> libevent-1.2.so.1.0.3 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 264048 Oct 6 20:13 libevent-1.2.so.1.0.3 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 430332 Oct 6 20:13 libevent.a -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 811 Oct 6 20:13 libevent.la lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Oct 6 20:13 libevent.so -> libevent-1.2.so.1.0.3
还不错,都安装上了。
4.安装memcached,同时需要安装中指定libevent的安装位置:
cd ~/tools/ tar zxvf memcached-1.2.7.tar.gz cd memcached-1.2.7 ./configure make && make install
如果中间出现报错,请仔细检查错误信息,按照错误信息来配置或者增加相应的库或者路径。
安装完成后会把memcached放到 /usr/local/bin/memcached ,
5.测试是否成功安装memcached:
[root@iZ23lt92evyZ memcached-1.2.7]# ls -al /usr/local/bin/mem* -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 159851 Oct 6 20:17 /usr/local/bin/memcached -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 165557 Oct 6 20:17 /usr/local/bin/memcached-debug
启动Memcached服务:
1.启动Memcache的服务器端:
# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 100 -u root -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid
-d选项是启动一个守护进程,
-m是分配给Memcache使用的内存数量,单位是MB,我这里是10MB,
-u是运行Memcache的用户,我这里是root,
-l是监听的服务器IP地址,如果有多个地址的话,我这里指定了服务器的IP地址127.0.0.1,
-p是设置Memcache监听的端口,我这里设置了11211,最好是1024以上的端口,
-c选项是最大运行的并发连接数,默认是1024,我这里设置了256,按照你服务器的负载量来设定,
-P是设置保存Memcache的pid文件,我这里是保存在 /tmp/memcached.pid,
2.如果要结束Memcache进程,执行:
# kill `cat /tmp/memcached.pid`
也可以启动多个守护进程,不过端口不能重复。
常见问题:
1.如果启动Memcached服务的时候遇到了
/usr/local/bin/memcached: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-1.2.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory;
解决方案:
#LD_DEBUG=libs memcached -v #ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-1.2.so.1 /usr/lib64/libevent-1.2.so.1 #/usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 100 -u root -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid
debug:
[root@iZ23lt92evyZ memcached-1.2.7]# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 100 -u root -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid /usr/local/bin/memcached: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-1.2.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory [root@iZ23lt92evyZ memcached-1.2.7]# LD_DEBUG=libs memcached -v 28604: find library=libevent-1.2.so.1 [0]; searching 28604: search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache 28604: search path=/lib64/tls/x86_64:/lib64/tls:/lib64/x86_64:/lib64:/usr/lib64/tls/x86_64:/usr/lib64/tls:/usr/lib64/x86_64:/usr/lib64 (system search path) 28604: trying file=/lib64/tls/x86_64/libevent-1.2.so.1 28604: trying file=/lib64/tls/libevent-1.2.so.1 28604: trying file=/lib64/x86_64/libevent-1.2.so.1 28604: trying file=/lib64/libevent-1.2.so.1 28604: trying file=/usr/lib64/tls/x86_64/libevent-1.2.so.1 28604: trying file=/usr/lib64/tls/libevent-1.2.so.1 28604: trying file=/usr/lib64/x86_64/libevent-1.2.so.1 28604: trying file=/usr/lib64/libevent-1.2.so.1 28604: memcached: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-1.2.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory [root@iZ23lt92evyZ memcached-1.2.7]# ln -s /usr/local/lib lib/ lib64/ libexec/ [root@iZ23lt92evyZ memcached-1.2.7]# ln -s /usr/local/lib lib/ lib64/ libexec/ [root@iZ23lt92evyZ memcached-1.2.7]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-1.2.so.1 /usr/lib64/libevent-1.2.so.1 [root@iZ23lt92evyZ memcached-1.2.7]# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 100 -u root -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid [root@iZ23lt92evyZ memcached-1.2.7]#
可以看到启动的Memcached服务了.
2.把Memcached服务加载到Linux的启动项中.万一机器断电系统重启.那么Memcached就会自动启动了.
假如启动Memcache的服务器端的命令为:
# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 192.168.141.64 -p 12000 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid
想开机自动启动的话,只需在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中加入一行,下面命令
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -p 12000 -u apache -c 256
上面有些东西可以参考一下:
即,ip不指定时,默认是本机,用户:最好选择是:apache 或 deamon
这样,也就是属于哪个用户的服务,由哪个用户启动。
转自: http://www.cnblogs.com/zgx/archive/2011/08/10/2134097.html
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