Linux之命令学习总结_ls

命令：ls

    该命令用于罗列文件的信息。

用法:

    Usage: ls     [OPTION]...     [FILE]...

选项:

  -a, --all                  do not ignore entries starting with .

  -A, --almost-all           do not list implied . and ..

      --author               with -l, print the author of each file

  -b, --escape               print octal escapes for nongraphic characters

      --block-size=SIZE      use SIZE-byte blocks.  See SIZE format below

  -B, --ignore-backups       do not list implied entries ending with ~

  -c                         with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last

                               modification of file status information)

                               with -l: show ctime and sort by name

                               otherwise: sort by ctime

  -C                         list entries by columns

      --color[=WHEN]         colorize the output.  WHEN defaults to `always‘

                               or can be `never‘ or `auto‘.  More info below

  -d, --directory            list directory entries instead of contents,

                               and do not dereference symbolic links

  -D, --dired                generate output designed for Emacs‘ dired mode

  -f                         do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color

  -F, --classify             append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries

      --file-type            likewise, except do not append `*‘

      --format=WORD          across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l,

                               single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C

      --full-time            like -l --time-style=full-iso

  -g                         like -l, but do not list owner

      --group-directories-first

                             group directories before files.

                               augment with a --sort option, but any

                               use of --sort=none (-U) disables grouping

  -G, --no-group             in a long listing, don‘t print group names

  -h, --human-readable       with -l, print sizes in human readable format

                               (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)

      --si                   likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024

  -H, --dereference-command-line

                             follow symbolic links listed on the command line

      --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir

                             follow each command line symbolic link

                             that points to a directory

      --hide=PATTERN         do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN

                               (overridden by -a or -A)

      --indicator-style=WORD  append indicator with style WORD to entry names:

                               none (default), slash (-p),

                               file-type (--file-type), classify (-F)

  -i, --inode                print the index number of each file

  -I, --ignore=PATTERN       do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN

  -k                         like --block-size=1K

  -l                         use a long listing format

  -L, --dereference          when showing file information for a symbolic

                               link, show information for the file the link

                               references rather than for the link itself

  -m                         fill width with a comma separated list of entries

  -n, --numeric-uid-gid      like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs

  -N, --literal              print raw entry names (don‘t treat e.g. control

                               characters specially)

  -o                         like -l, but do not list group information

  -p, --indicator-style=slash

                             append / indicator to directories

  -q, --hide-control-chars   print ? instead of non graphic characters

      --show-control-chars   show non graphic characters as-is (default

                             unless program is `ls‘ and output is a terminal)

  -Q, --quote-name           enclose entry names in double quotes

      --quoting-style=WORD   use quoting style WORD for entry names:

                               literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape

  -r, --reverse              reverse order while sorting

  -R, --recursive            list subdirectories recursively

  -s, --size                 print the allocated size of each file, in blocks

  -S                         sort by file size

      --sort=WORD            sort by WORD instead of name: none -U,

                             extension -X, size -S, time -t, version -v

      --time=WORD            with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification

                             time: atime -u, access -u, use -u, ctime -c,

                             or status -c; use specified time as sort key

                             if --sort=time

      --time-style=STYLE     with -l, show times using style STYLE:

                             full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT.

                             FORMAT is interpreted like `date‘; if FORMAT is

                             FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to

                             non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files;

                             if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-‘, STYLE

                             takes effect only outside the POSIX locale

  -t                         sort by modification time

  -T, --tabsize=COLS         assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8

  -u                         with -lt: sort by, and show, access time

                               with -l: show access time and sort by name

                               otherwise: sort by access time

  -U                         do not sort; list entries in directory order

  -v                         natural sort of (version) numbers within text

  -w, --width=COLS           assume screen width instead of current value

  -x                         list entries by lines instead of by columns

  -X                         sort alphabetically by entry extension

  -1                         list one file per line

SELinux options:

  --lcontext                 Display security context.   Enable -l. Lines

                             will probably be too wide for most displays.

  -Z, --context              Display security context so it fits on most

                             displays.  Displays only mode, user, group,

                             security context and file name.

  --scontext                 Display only security context and file name.

      --help     display this help and exit

      --version  output version information and exit

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