C/C++编译的程序占用的内存

/*********************************************************** 
 *                                                         *
 *                 C程序内存布局                           *
 *                                                         *
 ***********************************************************
 *(高地址空间)
 *   --------------------------------- 
 *   -     命令行参数区              -     (命令行参数和环境变量)
 *   ---------------------------------
 *   -  堆区(Stack Area)           -     局部变量
 *   -  栈区(Heap Area)            -     malloc动态分配数据
 *   ---------------------------------
 *   - 数据区(Data Area)分为:      -
 *   - 未初始化静态变量区(.bss)    -    没有初始化的全局变量和静态变量    
 *   - 已初始化静态变量区(.data)   -    初始化的全局变量和静态变量
 *   - 文字常量区(.rodata)         -    常量字符串 
 *   ---------------------------------
 *   - 代码区(Code)                  -    二进制的代码
 *   ---------------------------------
 *(低地址空间)
 *Code,.rodata,.data在链接之后产生
 *.bss在程序初始化的时候开辟
 *stack,heap在程序运行中开辟和释放
 *栈区:操作方式类似于数据结构中的栈,向地地址空间扩展
 */ 



#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

int g_var1;  //BSS
int g_var2 = 10;  //DATA

int  main(int argc, int *argv[])
{//ARGC:STACK  ARGV:STACK  *ARGV:COMMAMD 
    char arr[] = "hello";  //STACK
    char *ptr1 = "hello,world";  // PTR1:STACK, ptr1->RO_DATA, "hello,world":RO_DATA
    char *ptr2 = NULL;     //PTR2:STACK
    int i = 0;

    static int s_var3;     //BSS
    static int s_var4 = 100;  //DATA

    const int var = 10;  //VAR:STACK

    printf("COMMAND:*argv=%#lx\n", *argv);
    printf("STACK:argv=%#lx,&argc=%#lx,&argv=%#lx\n",argv,&argc,&argv);
    printf("STACK:&ptr1=%#lx, &ptr2=%#lx\n", &ptr1,&ptr2);

    ptr2 = (char *)malloc(10);//PTR2->HEAP
    printf("HEAP:**argv=%#lx,ptr2=%#lx\n", ptr2,**argv);
    printf("argv[0]=%s, argv[0]=%#lx\n",argv[0],argv[0]);

    printf("BSS: &g_var1=%#lx, &s_var3=%#lx\n", &g_var1,&s_var3);
    printf("DATA:&g_var2=%#lx, &s_var4%#lx\n", &g_var2,&s_var4);

    strcpy(ptr2, "haha");
    printf("RO_DATA: ptr1=%#lx,  ptr2=%#lx\n", ptr1,ptr2);
    return 0;
}/*------------End of main---------------*/

运行结果:

COMMAND:*argv=0x7fff2a4b8822
STACK:argv=0x7fff2a4b7a18,&argc=0x7fff2a4b78fc,&argv=0x7fff2a4b78f0
STACK:&ptr1=0x7fff2a4b7908, &ptr2=0x7fff2a4b7900
HEAP:**argv=0x164b010,ptr2=0x2e612f2e
argv[0]=./a.out, argv[0]=0x7fff2a4b8822
BSS: &g_var1=0x600b94, &s_var3=0x600b90
DATA:&g_var2=0x600b74, &s_var40x600b78
RO_DATA: ptr1=0x4007b8, ptr2=0x164b010

参考:http://blog.csdn.net/xluren/article/details/8150723

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