Python unittest

浏览数：208 / 时间：2015年06月08日

unittest module包含了编写运行unittest的功能，自定义的test class都要集成unitest.TestCase类，test method要以test开头，运行顺序根据test method的名字排序，特殊方法:
- setup():每个测试函数运行前运行
- teardown():每个测试函数运行完后执行
- setUpClass():必须使用@classmethod 装饰器,所有test运行前运行一次
- tearDownClass():必须使用@classmethod装饰器,所有test运行完后运行一次

示例代码:

#文件名runtest.py
import random
import unittest

class TestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.seq = list(range(10))

    def test_shuffle(self):
        # make sure the shuffled sequence does not lose any elements
        random.shuffle(self.seq)
        self.seq.sort()
        self.assertEqual(self.seq, list(range(10)))

        # should raise an exception for an immutable sequence
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, random.shuffle, (1,2,3))

    def test_choice(self):
        element = random.choice(self.seq)
        self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)

    def test_sample(self):
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            random.sample(self.seq, 20)
        for element in random.sample(self.seq, 5):
            self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    unittest.main()

运行方式:在命令行直接运行这个runtest.py

可以使用unitest.skip装饰器族跳过test method或者test class,这些装饰器包括:

@unittest.skip(reason):无条件跳过测试，reason描述为什么跳过测试
@unittest.skipif(conditition,reason):condititon为true时跳过测试
@unittest.skipunless(condition,reason):condition不是true时跳过测试

可以自定义skip decorator

#这是一个自定义的skip decorrator
def skipUnlessHasattr(obj, attr):
    if hasattr(obj, attr):
        return lambda func: func
    return unittest.skip("{!r} doesn‘t have {!r}".format(obj, attr))

skip decorator示例代码:

class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

    @unittest.skip("demonstrating skipping")
    def test_nothing(self):
        self.fail("shouldn‘t happen")

    @unittest.skipIf(mylib.__version__ < (1, 3),
                     "not supported in this library version")
    def test_format(self):
        # Tests that work for only a certain version of the library.
        pass

    @unittest.skipUnless(sys.platform.startswith("win"), "requires Windows")
    def test_windows_support(self):
        # windows specific testing code
        pass

@unittest.skip("showing class skipping")
class MySkippedTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_not_run(self):
        pass