Centos下配置php环境

浏览数：56 / 时间：2015年06月09日
 

环境：

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yum -y installgccgcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers libtool libtool-ltdl

GD2

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cd/usr/local/src
wget https://bitbucket.org/pierrejoye/gd-libgd/get/5551f61978e3.tar.gz
tarxzvf 5551f61978e3.tar.gz
cdpierrejoye-gd-libgd-5551f61978e3/src
./configure
make&& makeinstall
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wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.17-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.ntu.edu.tw/
wget http://cn.php.net/get/php-5.2.17.tar.gz/from/tw.php.net/mirror
wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.4.tar.gz
#rpm -ivh nginx-1.0.8-2.el5.ngx.i386.rpm
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

2 安装PHP 5.2.14（FastCGI模式）

1）编译安装PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库：

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tarzxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cdlibiconv-1.13.1/
./configure--prefix=/usr/local
make
makeinstall
cd../
 
tarzxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cdlibmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
makeinstall
/sbin/ldconfig
cdlibltdl/
./configure--enable-ltdl-install
make
makeinstall
cd../../
 
tarzxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cdmhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
makeinstall
cd../
 
ln-s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln-s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln-s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln-s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln-s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln-s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln-s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln-s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln-s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln-s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config/usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
 
tarzxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cdmcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
makeinstall
cd../

2）编译安装MySQL 5.5.3-m3

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/usr/sbin/groupaddmysql
/usr/sbin/useradd-g mysql -s /sbin/nologinmysql
tarzxvf mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz
cdmysql-5.5.3-m3/
./configure--prefix=/usr/local/mysql/--enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
make&& makeinstall
chmod+w /usr/local/mysql
chown-R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
cd../
附：以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下几步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。

①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录

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mkdir-p /var/mysql/data/
mkdir-p /var/mysql/binlog/
mkdir-p /var/mysql/relaylog/
chown-R mysql:mysql /var/mysql/

②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

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/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db--basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/var/mysql/data--user=mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db--basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/var/mysql/data--user=mysql

③、创建my.cnf配置文件：

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vi/var/mysql/my.cnf
启动MySQL：
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/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe--user=root
输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）：
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘admin‘@‘localhost‘IDENTIFIED BY ‘12345678‘;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘admin‘@‘127.0.0.1‘IDENTIFIED BY ‘12345678‘;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘IDENTIFIED BY ‘root‘;
MYSQL启动脚本
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vi/var/mysql/mysql
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#!/bin/sh
 
mysql_port=3306
mysql_username="root"
mysql_password="root"
 
function_start_mysql()
{
    printf"Starting MySQL...\n"
    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe--defaults-file=/var/mysql/my.cnf 2>&1 > /var/mysql/binlog/start.log &  
}
 
function_stop_mysql()
{
    printf"Stoping MySQL...\n"
    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin-u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
}
 
function_restart_mysql()
{
    printf"Restarting MySQL...\n"
    function_stop_mysql
    sleep5
    function_start_mysql
}
 
function_kill_mysql()
{
    kill-9 $(ps-ef | grep ‘bin/mysqld_safe‘ | grep ${mysql_port} | awk ‘{printf $2}‘)
    kill-9 $(ps-ef | grep ‘libexec/mysqld‘ | grep ${mysql_port} | awk ‘{printf $2}‘)
}
 
if[ "$1"= "start"]; then
    function_start_mysql
elif[ "$1"= "stop"]; then
    function_stop_mysql
elif[ "$1"= "restart"]; then
function_restart_mysql
elif[ "$1"= "kill"]; then
function_kill_mysql
else
    printf"Usage: /var/mysql/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}\n"
fi

php安装

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tarzxvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz
gzip-cdphp-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1
cdphp-5.2.17
 
./configure--prefix=/usr/local/php--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
makeZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=‘-liconv‘
makeinstall
cpphp.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cd../
 
 
 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-8.10.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.3.0.tgz

4）编译安装PHP5扩展模块

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tarzxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cdmemcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure--with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
makeinstall
cd../

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

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tarzxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz
cdpcre-8.10/
./configure
make&& makeinstall
cd../
 
 
tarjxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
cdeaccelerator-0.9.6.1/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure--enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
makeinstall
cd../
 
tarzxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cdPDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure--with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
make
makeinstall
cd../
 
tarzxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cdImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
makeinstall
cd../
 
tarzxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz
cdimagick-2.3.0/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure--with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
makeinstall
cd../

5）修改php.ini文件

手工修改：查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./" 　 
修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/" 
并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
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extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
extension = "imagick.so"
再查找output_buffering = Off 修改为output_buffering = On 　　 
再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0 　　修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0， 
防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。 
注：若嫌手工修改麻烦，可执行以下shell命令，自动完成对php.ini文件的修改： 
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sed-i ‘s#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#‘/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed-i ‘s#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#‘/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed-i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g"/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed-i "s#; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#g"/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

7）创建www用户和组，以及供book.zhiyin.com和www.zhiyin.com两个虚拟主机使用的目录：

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/usr/sbin/groupaddwww
/usr/sbin/useradd-g www www
mkdir-p /var/webroot/log
chmod+w /var/webroot/log
chown-R www:www /var/webroot/log
mkdir-p /var/webroot/web
chmod+w /var/webroot/web
chown-R www:www /var/webroot/web
 
chown-R admin:ftpgroup /var/webroot/web

8） 创建Nginx日志目录

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mkdir-p /var/log/nginx
chmod+w /var/log/nginx
chown-R www:www /var/log/nginx

4） 创建Nginx配置文件

①在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：
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rm-f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
输入以下内容：
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user  www www;
 
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
 
 
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  8;
 
#error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log;
#error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log  notice;
#error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log  info;
 
error_log /var/log/nginx/nginx_error.log  crit;
 
pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
 
 
events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  65535;
}
 
 
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
 
    log_format  main  ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘
                      ‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘
                      ‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;
 
    access_log  /var/webroot/log/access.log  main;
 
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
 
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
 
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
    client_header_buffer_size 32k;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
    client_max_body_size 8m;
    tcp_nopush     on;
 
    keepalive_timeout 60;
 
    tcp_nodelay on;
 
    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
 
    gzipon;
    gzip_min_length  1k;
    gzip_buffers     4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.0;
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_types       text/plainapplication/x-javascripttext/cssapplication/xml;
    gzip_vary on;
 
    #gzip  on;
 
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
 
        #charset koi8-r;
         
        #access_log  /var/webroot/log/host.access.log  main;
         
        location / {
            root   /var/webroot/web;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
 
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
 
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
 
        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
 
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           /var/webroot/web;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            #include        fastcgi_params;
        include fcgi.conf;
        }
 
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root
        # concurs with nginx‘s one
        #
        location ~ /\.ht {
            deny  all;
        }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
            expires      30d;
        }
 
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
            expires      1h;
        }
    }
 
 
    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
 
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
 
 
    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443;
    #    server_name  localhost;
 
    #    ssl                  on;
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
 
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
 
    #    ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
    #    ssl_ciphers  ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;
 
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
 
}
②、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：
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vi/usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
　输入以下内容：
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#fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
#fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;
 
fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;
 
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
 
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;
 
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

5）启动Nginx

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ulimit-SHn 65535
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

4 配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

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vi/etc/rc.local
在末尾增加以下内容：
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ulimit-SHn 65535
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpmstart
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/var/mysql/mysqlstart

5 在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置

1）修改

/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：
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/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-t
如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：

the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

2） 平滑重启：

①、对于Nginx 0.8.x版本，现在平滑重启Nginx配置非常简单，执行以下命令即可：
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/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-s reload
②、对于Nginx 0.8.x之前的版本，平滑重启稍微麻烦一些，按照以下步骤进行即可。输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：
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ps-ef | grep"nginx: master process"| grep-v"grep"| awk-F ‘ ‘‘{print $2}‘
屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号，例如： 　　6302 这时，执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效：
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kill-HUP 6302
或者无需这么麻烦，找到Nginx的Pid文件：
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kill-HUP `cat/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`

6 优化Linux内核参数 (此处内容不推荐使用)

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vi/etc/sysctl.conf
在末尾增加以下内容：
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# Add
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog =  32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768
 
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
 
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
 
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
 
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
 
#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024  65535
使配置立即生效：
 
 
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/sbin/sysctl-p

引用来自“mark35”的答案

之所以YUM安装的PHP会有那么多 --disable参数，那是为了你以后单独安装部件考虑的。你可以通过 YUM install php-??? 来安装需要部件，比如

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yum installphp-mysql php-gd

相当于只安装了PHP核心，扩展包按需安装

 

可是我执行了
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yum installphp-mysql

 

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