Ajax应用常见的HTTP ContentType设置

浏览数：32 / 时间：2015年06月09日

原文出处不详，anyway，感谢一下作者先。

 

 ajax开发中, 常遇到下面的几种情况:

1 服务端需要返回一段普通文本给客户端 
2 服务端需要返回一段HTML代码给客户端 
3 服务端需要返回一段XML代码给客户端 
4 服务端需要返回一段javascript代码给客户端 
5 服务端需要返回一段json串给客户端

 

对于每一种返回类型，规范的做法是要在服务端指定 response的contentType。
(当然 不指定绝大多数情况下也没什么问题 尤其是返回"非xml"的时候)

代码 
    普通文本 : text/plain
    HTML代码 : text/html
    XML代码 : text/xml
以上三个可以说是毫无争议的, 但是另外两种情况 就要注意一下了. 
javascript 的 contentType 按最标准的写法 应该是 application/javascript. 
而常用的 text/javascript 已经被 rfc定义为废弃的. 
但是，在这里暂时不建议使用 application/javascript
因为很多老旧浏览器并不支持 application/javascript 
而所有浏览器都支持 text/javascript. 
在标准和广泛的兼容性之间 还是暂且选择后者吧.


json 的 contentType 常见写法有: text/json & text/javascript . 
但是 这个 text/json 其实是根本不存在的, 而 text/javascript 在有些时候客户端处理起来会有歧义. 
对于json的contentType , rfc里定义的标准写法是 :application/json.

在这里毫无疑问 我们应该选择标准写法的 application/json

 

最后，附一下ContentType清单：

常用的：

 

[java] view plaincopy
 
  1. text/plain   
  2. text/HTML  
  3. text/xml  
  4. test/javascript  
  5. application/json  
  6. image/GIF  
  7. image/JPEG  

 

清单：

 

[java] view plaincopy
 
  1. ".*"="application/octet-stream"   
  2. ".001"="application/x-001"   
  3. ".301"="application/x-301"   
  4. ".323"="text/h323"   
  5. ".906"="application/x-906"   
  6. ".907"="drawing/907"   
  7. ".a11"="application/x-a11"   
  8. ".acp"="audio/x-mei-aac"   
  9. ".ai"="application/postscript"   
  10. ".aif"="audio/aiff"   
  11. ".aifc"="audio/aiff"   
  12. ".aiff"="audio/aiff"   
  13. ".anv"="application/x-anv"   
  14. ".asa"="text/asa"   
  15. ".asf"="video/x-ms-asf"   
  16. ".asp"="text/asp"   
  17. ".asx"="video/x-ms-asf"   
  18. ".au"="audio/basic"   
  19. ".avi"="video/avi"   
  20. ".awf"="application/vnd.adobe.workflow"   
  21. ".biz"="text/xml"   
  22. ".bmp"="application/x-bmp"   
  23. ".bot"="application/x-bot"   
  24. ".c4t"="application/x-c4t"   
  25. ".c90"="application/x-c90"   
  26. ".cal"="application/x-cals"   
  27. ".cat"="application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat"   
  28. ".cdf"="application/x-netcdf"   
  29. ".cdr"="application/x-cdr"   
  30. ".cel"="application/x-cel"   
  31. ".cer"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"   
  32. ".cg4"="application/x-g4"   
  33. ".cgm"="application/x-cgm"   
  34. ".cit"="application/x-cit"   
  35. ".class"="java/*"   
  36. ".cml"="text/xml"   
  37. ".cmp"="application/x-cmp"   
  38. ".cmx"="application/x-cmx"   
  39. ".cot"="application/x-cot"   
  40. ".crl"="application/pkix-crl"   
  41. ".crt"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"   
  42. ".csi"="application/x-csi"   
  43. ".css"="text/css"   
  44. ".cut"="application/x-cut"   
  45. ".dbf"="application/x-dbf"   
  46. ".dbm"="application/x-dbm"   
  47. ".dbx"="application/x-dbx"   
  48. ".dcd"="text/xml"   
  49. ".dcx"="application/x-dcx"   
  50. ".der"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"   
  51. ".dgn"="application/x-dgn"   
  52. ".dib"="application/x-dib"   
  53. ".dll"="application/x-msdownload"   
  54. ".doc"="application/msword"   
  55. ".dot"="application/msword"   
  56. ".drw"="application/x-drw"   
  57. ".dtd"="text/xml"   
  58. ".dwf"="Model/vnd.dwf"   
  59. ".dwf"="application/x-dwf"   
  60. ".dwg"="application/x-dwg"   
  61. ".dxb"="application/x-dxb"   
  62. ".dxf"="application/x-dxf"   
  63. ".edn"="application/vnd.adobe.edn"   
  64. ".emf"="application/x-emf"   
  65. ".eml"="message/rfc822"   
  66. ".ent"="text/xml"   
  67. ".epi"="application/x-epi"   
  68. ".eps"="application/x-ps"   
  69. ".eps"="application/postscript"   
  70. ".etd"="application/x-ebx"   
  71. ".exe"="application/x-msdownload"   
  72. ".fax"="image/fax"   
  73. ".fdf"="application/vnd.fdf"   
  74. ".fif"="application/fractals"   
  75. ".fo"="text/xml"   
  76. ".frm"="application/x-frm"   
  77. ".g4"="application/x-g4"   
  78. ".gbr"="application/x-gbr"   
  79. ".gcd"="application/x-gcd"   
  80. ".gif"="image/gif"   
  81. ".gl2"="application/x-gl2"   
  82. ".gp4"="application/x-gp4"   
  83. ".hgl"="application/x-hgl"   
  84. ".hmr"="application/x-hmr"   
  85. ".hpg"="application/x-hpgl"   
  86. ".hpl"="application/x-hpl"   
  87. ".hqx"="application/mac-binhex40"   
  88. ".hrf"="application/x-hrf"   
  89. ".hta"="application/hta"   
  90. ".htc"="text/x-component"   
  91. ".htm"="text/html"   
  92. ".html"="text/html"   
  93. ".htt"="text/webviewhtml"   
  94. ".htx"="text/html"   
  95. ".icb"="application/x-icb"   
  96. ".ico"="image/x-icon"   
  97. ".ico"="application/x-ico"   
  98. ".iff"="application/x-iff"   
  99. ".ig4"="application/x-g4"   
  100. ".igs"="application/x-igs"   
  101. ".iii"="application/x-iphone"   
  102. ".img"="application/x-img"   
  103. ".ins"="application/x-internet-signup"   
  104. ".isp"="application/x-internet-signup"   
  105. ".IVF"="video/x-ivf"   
  106. ".java"="java/*"   
  107. ".jfif"="image/jpeg"   
  108. ".jpe"="image/jpeg"   
  109. ".jpe"="application/x-jpe"   
  110. ".jpeg"="image/jpeg"   
  111. ".jpg"="image/jpeg"   
  112. ".jpg"="application/x-jpg"   
  113. ".js"="application/x-javascript"   
  114. ".jsp"="text/html"   
  115. ".la1"="audio/x-liquid-file"   
  116. ".lar"="application/x-laplayer-reg"   
  117. ".latex"="application/x-latex"   
  118. ".lavs"="audio/x-liquid-secure"   
  119. ".lbm"="application/x-lbm"   
  120. ".lmsff"="audio/x-la-lms"   
  121. ".ls"="application/x-javascript"   
  122. ".ltr"="application/x-ltr"   
  123. ".m1v"="video/x-mpeg"   
  124. ".m2v"="video/x-mpeg"   
  125. ".m3u"="audio/mpegurl"   
  126. ".m4e"="video/mpeg4"   
  127. ".mac"="application/x-mac"   
  128. ".man"="application/x-troff-man"   
  129. ".math"="text/xml"   
  130. ".mdb"="application/msaccess"   
  131. ".mdb"="application/x-mdb"   
  132. ".mfp"="application/x-shockwave-flash"   
  133. ".mht"="message/rfc822"   
  134. ".mhtml"="message/rfc822"   
  135. ".mi"="application/x-mi"   
  136. ".mid"="audio/mid"   
  137. ".midi"="audio/mid"   
  138. ".mil"="application/x-mil"   
  139. ".mml"="text/xml"   
  140. ".mnd"="audio/x-musicnet-download"   
  141. ".mns"="audio/x-musicnet-stream"   
  142. ".mocha"="application/x-javascript"   
  143. ".movie"="video/x-sgi-movie"   
  144. ".mp1"="audio/mp1"   
  145. ".mp2"="audio/mp2"   
  146. ".mp2v"="video/mpeg"   
  147. ".mp3"="audio/mp3"   
  148. ".mp4"="video/mpeg4"   
  149. ".mpa"="video/x-mpg"   
  150. ".mpd"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
  151. ".mpe"="video/x-mpeg"   
  152. ".mpeg"="video/mpg"   
  153. ".mpg"="video/mpg"   
  154. ".mpga"="audio/rn-mpeg"   
  155. ".mpp"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
  156. ".mps"="video/x-mpeg"   
  157. ".mpt"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
  158. ".mpv"="video/mpg"   
  159. ".mpv2"="video/mpeg"   
  160. ".mpw"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
  161. ".mpx"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
  162. ".mtx"="text/xml"   
  163. ".mxp"="application/x-mmxp"   
  164. ".net"="image/pnetvue"   
  165. ".nrf"="application/x-nrf"   
  166. ".nws"="message/rfc822"   
  167. ".odc"="text/x-ms-odc"   
  168. ".out"="application/x-out"   
  169. ".p10"="application/pkcs10"   
  170. ".p12"="application/x-pkcs12"   
  171. ".p7b"="application/x-pkcs7-certificates"   
  172. ".p7c"="application/pkcs7-mime"   
  173. ".p7m"="application/pkcs7-mime"   
  174. ".p7r"="application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp"   
  175. ".p7s"="application/pkcs7-signature"   
  176. ".pc5"="application/x-pc5"   
  177. ".pci"="application/x-pci"   
  178. ".pcl"="application/x-pcl"   
  179. ".pcx"="application/x-pcx"   
  180. ".pdf"="application/pdf"   
  181. ".pdf"="application/pdf"   
  182. ".pdx"="application/vnd.adobe.pdx"   
  183. ".pfx"="application/x-pkcs12"   
  184. ".pgl"="application/x-pgl"   
  185. ".pic"="application/x-pic"   
  186. ".pko"="application/vnd.ms-pki.pko"   
  187. ".pl"="application/x-perl"   
  188. ".plg"="text/html"   
  189. ".pls"="audio/scpls"   
  190. ".plt"="application/x-plt"   
  191. ".png"="image/png"   
  192. ".png"="application/x-png"   
  193. ".pot"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
  194. ".ppa"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
  195. ".ppm"="application/x-ppm"   
  196. ".pps"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
  197. ".ppt"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
  198. ".ppt"="application/x-ppt"   
  199. ".pr"="application/x-pr"   
  200. ".prf"="application/pics-rules"   
  201. ".prn"="application/x-prn"   
  202. ".prt"="application/x-prt"   
  203. ".ps"="application/x-ps"   
  204. ".ps"="application/postscript"   
  205. ".ptn"="application/x-ptn"   
  206. ".pwz"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
  207. ".r3t"="text/vnd.rn-realtext3d"   
  208. ".ra"="audio/vnd.rn-realaudio"   
  209. ".ram"="audio/x-pn-realaudio"   
  210. ".ras"="application/x-ras"   
  211. ".rat"="application/rat-file"   
  212. ".rdf"="text/xml"   
  213. ".rec"="application/vnd.rn-recording"   
  214. ".red"="application/x-red"   
  215. ".rgb"="application/x-rgb"   
  216. ".rjs"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjs"   
  217. ".rjt"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjt"   
  218. ".rlc"="application/x-rlc"   
  219. ".rle"="application/x-rle"   
  220. ".rm"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia"   
  221. ".rmf"="application/vnd.adobe.rmf"   
  222. ".rmi"="audio/mid"   
  223. ".rmj"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmj"   
  224. ".rmm"="audio/x-pn-realaudio"   
  225. ".rmp"="application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package"   
  226. ".rms"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia-secure"   
  227. ".rmvb"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia-vbr"   
  228. ".rmx"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmx"   
  229. ".rnx"="application/vnd.rn-realplayer"   
  230. ".rp"="image/vnd.rn-realpix"   
  231. ".rpm"="audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin"   
  232. ".rsml"="application/vnd.rn-rsml"   
  233. ".rt"="text/vnd.rn-realtext"   
  234. ".rtf"="application/msword"   
  235. ".rtf"="application/x-rtf"   
  236. ".rv"="video/vnd.rn-realvideo"   
  237. ".sam"="application/x-sam"   
  238. ".sat"="application/x-sat"   
  239. ".sdp"="application/sdp"   
  240. ".sdw"="application/x-sdw"   
  241. ".sit"="application/x-stuffit"   
  242. ".slb"="application/x-slb"   
  243. ".sld"="application/x-sld"   
  244. ".slk"="drawing/x-slk"   
  245. ".smi"="application/smil"   
  246. ".smil"="application/smil"   
  247. ".smk"="application/x-smk"   
  248. ".snd"="audio/basic"   
  249. ".sol"="text/plain"   
  250. ".sor"="text/plain"   
  251. ".spc"="application/x-pkcs7-certificates"   
  252. ".spl"="application/futuresplash"   
  253. ".spp"="text/xml"   
  254. ".ssm"="application/streamingmedia"   
  255. ".sst"="application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore"   
  256. ".stl"="application/vnd.ms-pki.stl"   
  257. ".stm"="text/html"   
  258. ".sty"="application/x-sty"   
  259. ".svg"="text/xml"   
  260. ".swf"="application/x-shockwave-flash"   
  261. ".tdf"="application/x-tdf"   
  262. ".tg4"="application/x-tg4"   
  263. ".tga"="application/x-tga"   
  264. ".tif"="image/tiff"   
  265. ".tif"="application/x-tif"   
  266. ".tiff"="image/tiff"   
  267. ".tld"="text/xml"   
  268. ".top"="drawing/x-top"   
  269. ".torrent"="application/x-bittorrent"   
  270. ".tsd"="text/xml"   
  271. ".txt"="text/plain"   
  272. ".uin"="application/x-icq"   
  273. ".uls"="text/iuls"   
  274. ".vcf"="text/x-vcard"   
  275. ".vda"="application/x-vda"   
  276. ".vdx"="application/vnd.visio"   
  277. ".vml"="text/xml"   
  278. ".vpg"="application/x-vpeg005"   
  279. ".vsd"="application/vnd.visio"   
  280. ".vsd"="application/x-vsd"   
  281. ".vss"="application/vnd.visio"   
  282. ".vst"="application/vnd.visio"   
  283. ".vst"="application/x-vst"   
  284. ".vsw"="application/vnd.visio"   
  285. ".vsx"="application/vnd.visio"   
  286. ".vtx"="application/vnd.visio"   
  287. ".vxml"="text/xml"   
  288. ".wav"="audio/wav"   
  289. ".wax"="audio/x-ms-wax"   
  290. ".wb1"="application/x-wb1"   
  291. ".wb2"="application/x-wb2"   
  292. ".wb3"="application/x-wb3"   
  293. ".wbmp"="image/vnd.wap.wbmp"   
  294. ".wiz"="application/msword"   
  295. ".wk3"="application/x-wk3"   
  296. ".wk4"="application/x-wk4"   
  297. ".wkq"="application/x-wkq"   
  298. ".wks"="application/x-wks"   
  299. ".wm"="video/x-ms-wm"   
  300. ".wma"="audio/x-ms-wma"   
  301. ".wmd"="application/x-ms-wmd"   
  302. ".wmf"="application/x-wmf"   
  303. ".wml"="text/vnd.wap.wml"   
  304. ".wmv"="video/x-ms-wmv"   
  305. ".wmx"="video/x-ms-wmx"   
  306. ".wmz"="application/x-ms-wmz"   
  307. ".wp6"="application/x-wp6"   
  308. ".wpd"="application/x-wpd"   
  309. ".wpg"="application/x-wpg"   
  310. ".wpl"="application/vnd.ms-wpl"   
  311. ".wq1"="application/x-wq1"   
  312. ".wr1"="application/x-wr1"   
  313. ".wri"="application/x-wri"   
  314. ".wrk"="application/x-wrk"   
  315. ".ws"="application/x-ws"   
  316. ".ws2"="application/x-ws"   
  317. ".wsc"="text/scriptlet"   
  318. ".wsdl"="text/xml"   
  319. ".wvx"="video/x-ms-wvx"   
  320. ".xdp"="application/vnd.adobe.xdp"   
  321. ".xdr"="text/xml"   
  322. ".xfd"="application/vnd.adobe.xfd"   
  323. ".xfdf"="application/vnd.adobe.xfdf"   
  324. ".xhtml"="text/html"   
  325. ".xls"="application/vnd.ms-excel"   
  326. ".xls"="application/x-xls"   
  327. ".xlw"="application/x-xlw"   
  328. ".xml"="text/xml"   
  329. ".xpl"="audio/scpls"   
  330. ".xq"="text/xml"   
  331. ".xql"="text/xml"   
  332. ".xquery"="text/xml"   
  333. ".xsd"="text/xml"   
  334. ".xsl"="text/xml"   
  335. ".xslt"="text/xml"   
  336. ".xwd"="application/x-xwd"   
  337. ".x_b"="application/x-x_b"   
  338. ".x_t"="application/x-x_t"  

 

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