CentOS LAMP环境搭建(基于Apache模块)

所需安装包：httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz、mysql-5.5.40-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz、php-5.4.34.tar.gz

1、安装httpd

# yum install pcre-devel

# tar xf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

# make

# make install

# tar xf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

# make

# make install

# tar xf httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz

# cd httpd-2.4.10

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-cgid --enable-modules=most --enable-mods-shared=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util

# make

# make install

2、修改httpd配置文件

# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

pidfile "/var/run/httpd.pid"

ServerName 192.168.101.168

3、添加服务启动脚本

# vim /etc/init.d/httpd

————————————

#!/bin/bash

#

# httpd        Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server

#

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: The Apache HTTP Server is an efficient and extensible  \

#       server implementing the current HTTP standards.

# processname: httpd

# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd

# pidfile: /var/run/httpd/httpd.pid

#

### BEGIN INIT INFO

# Provides: httpd

# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $named

# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network

# Should-Start: distcache

# Short-Description: start and stop Apache HTTP Server

# Description: The Apache HTTP Server is an extensible server 

#  implementing the current HTTP standards.

### END INIT INFO

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then

    . /etc/sysconfig/httpd

fi

# Start httpd in the C locale by default.

HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}

# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if

# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.

INITLOG_ARGS=""

# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server

# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not

# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.

# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.

apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl

httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}

prog=httpd

pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}

lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}

RETVAL=0

STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}

# The semantics of these two functions differ from the way apachectl does

# things -- attempting to start while running is a failure, and shutdown

# when not running is also a failure.  So we just do it the way init scripts

# are expected to behave here.

start() {

    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

    LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS

    RETVAL=$?

    echo

    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}

    return $RETVAL

}

# When stopping httpd, a delay (of default 10 second) is required

# before SIGKILLing the httpd parent; this gives enough time for the

# httpd parent to SIGKILL any errant children.

stop() {

    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

    killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd

    RETVAL=$?

    echo

    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}

}

reload() {

    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

    if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then

        RETVAL=6

        echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"

        failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"

    else

        # Force LSB behaviour from killproc

        LSB=1 killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP

        RETVAL=$?

        if [ $RETVAL -eq 7 ]; then

            failure $"httpd shutdown"

        fi

    fi

    echo

}

# See how we were called.

case "$1" in

    start)

        start

        ;;

    stop)

        stop

        ;;

    status)

        status -p ${pidfile} $httpd

        RETVAL=$?

        ;;

    restart)

        stop

        start

        ;;

    condrestart|try-restart)

        if status -p ${pidfile} $httpd >&/dev/null; then

            stop

            start

        fi

        ;;

    force-reload|reload)

        reload

        ;;

    graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)

        $apachectl $@

        RETVAL=$?

        ;;

    *)

        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"

        RETVAL=2

esac

exit $RETVAL

————————————
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd

# chkconfig --add httpd

# chkconfig --level 35 httpd on

4、修改httpd PATH环境变量

# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache/bin

# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

5、安装mysql，这里使用官方的通用二进制包

# tar xf mysql-5.5.40-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

# cd /usr/local

# ln -sv mysql-5.5.40-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql

6、创建mysql用户和组

# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql

# useradd -g 306 -r -u 306 mysql

7、初始化mysql

# cd /usr/local/mysql

# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/*

# mkdir -p /data/mysql

# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql 

# chmod -R 750 /data/mysql

# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/

# chown -R root /usr/local/mysql/*

8、创建mysql服务启动脚本

# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

# chkconfig --add mysqld

9、修改mysql配置，启动mysql

# cp support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf

# vim /etc/my.cnf

# 在[mysqld]段添加以下两行

datadir = /data/mysql

thread_concurrency = 4

# service mysqld start

10、修改MySQL PATH环境变量

# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

11、输出mysql的man手册至man命令的查找路径

# vim /etc/man.config 

MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man

12、输出mysql的库文件至系统库查找路径

# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf 

/usr/local/mysql/lib

# ldconfig

13、链接mysql的头文件至系统头文件路径/usr/include

# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql

14、安装PHP

安装所需依赖包：

    mhash-0.9.9.9-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

    mhash-devel-0.9.9.9-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

    libmcrypt-2.5.8-9.3.x86_64.rpm

    libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-9.3.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivh  mhash-0.9.9.9-3.el6.x86_64.rpm mhash-devel-0.9.9.9-3.el6.x86_64.rpm libmcrypt-2.5.8-9.3.x86_64.rpm libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-9.3.x86_64.rpm

# tar xf php-5.4.34.tar.gz

# cd php-5.4.34

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --enable-maintainer-zts

# make

# make test

# make install

注意：

1. 这里为了支持apache的worker或event这两个MPM模块，编译时使用了--enable-maintainer-zts选项；

2. 如果使用PHP5.3以上版本，为了链接MySQL数据库，可以指定mysqlnd，这样在本机就不需要先安装MySQL或MySQL开发包了；

3. mysqlnd从php 5.3开始可用，可以在编译时绑定它（而不用和具体的MySQL客户端库绑定形成依赖，例如MySQL为远程服务器），但从PHP 5.4开始它就是默认设置了。

# ./configure --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd

15、创建php配置文件

# mv /etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini.bak

# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

16、修改httpd支持php，重启httpd

# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

# httpd -t;service httpd restart

17、创建index.html主页（注意这里mysql没有配置账号密码）

# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

# vim index.php

<?php

  $conn=mysql_connect(‘localhost‘,‘‘,‘‘);

  if ($conn)

    echo "Success...";

  else

    echo "Failure...";

phpinfo();

?>

# 浏览器访问：http://192.168.101.168

18、安装php的xcache加速器

# tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz 

# cd xcache-3.2.0

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize

# ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

# make

# make test

# make install

## /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/ ##

19、整合php和xcache，重启httpd

# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d/

# cp -r htdocs /usr/local/apache/htdocs/xcache

# vim /etc/php.d/xcache.ini

extension = xcache.so

xcache.count = 2

xcache.mmap_path = "/tmp/xcache"

cache.coredump_directory = "/tmp/phpcore/"

## 其它参数按需修改 ##

# vim /etc/php.ini

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

# httpd -t;service httpd restart

# 浏览器访问：http://192.168.101.168    ;;搜索xcache

# 浏览器访问：http://192.168.101.168/xcache

20、httpd虚拟主机配置示例

# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

#DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"    ;; 注释此行

Include /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

# cd /etc/httpd/

# vim extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

————————————

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName www.test1.com

    DocumentRoot "/data/www/test1.com"

    <Directory "/data/www/test1.com">

        Options none

        AllowOverride none

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/test1-error_log"

    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/test1-access_log" combined

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName www.test2.com

    DocumentRoot "/data/www/test2.com"

    <Directory "/data/www/test2.com">

        Options none

        AllowOverride none

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/test2-error_log"

    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/test2-access_log" common

</VirtualHost>

————————————

# mkdir -p /data/www/test{1,2}.com

# mkdir -p /var/log/httpd

# httpd -t;service httpd restart

# echo "test1.com" > /data/www/test1.com/index.html

# echo "test2.com" > /data/www/test2.com/index.html

# 浏览器访问：http://www.test1.com、http://www.test2.com

21、启用status查看服务器状态

# mod_status模块可以让管理员查看服务器的执行状态，它通过一个HTML页面展示了当前服务器的统计数据，这些数据通常包括但不限于：

1. 处于工作状态的worker进程数

2. 空闲状态的worker进程数

3. 每个worker的状态，包括此worker已经响应的请求数，及由此worker发送的内容的字节数

4. 当前服务器总共发送的字节数

5. 服务器自上次启动或重启以来至当前的时长

6. 平均每秒钟响应的请求数、平均每秒钟发送的字节数、平均每个请求所请求内容的字节数

# 启用状态页面，只需要在主配置文件中添加如下内容即可：

<Location /server-status>

SetHandler server-status

Require all granted

</Location>

# 需要注意的是，这里的状态信息不应该被所有人随意访问，因此，应限制仅允许某些特定地址的客户端查看。比如使用Require ip 192.168.101.0/24来限制仅允许指定网段的主机查看此页面。