Android上传文件至服务器
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时间：2015年06月11日
本实例实现每隔5秒上传一次，通过服务器端获取手机上传过来的文件信息并做相应处理；采用Android+Struts2技术。
一、Android端实现文件上传
1)、新建一个Android项目命名为androidUpload，目录结构如下：
2)、新建FormFile类，用来封装文件信息
package com.ljq.utils; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.InputStream; /** * 上传文件 */ public class FormFile { /* 上传文件的数据 */ private byte[] data; private InputStream inStream; private File file; /* 文件名称 */ private String filname; /* 请求参数名称*/ private String parameterName; /* 内容类型 */ private String contentType = "application/octet-stream"; public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) { this.data = data; this.filname = filname; this.parameterName = parameterName; if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType; } public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) { this.filname = filname; this.parameterName = parameterName; this.file = file; try { this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType; } public File getFile() { return file; } public InputStream getInStream() { return inStream; } public byte[] getData() { return data; } public String getFilname() { return filname; } public void setFilname(String filname) { this.filname = filname; } public String getParameterName() { return parameterName; } public void setParameterName(String parameterName) { this.parameterName = parameterName; } public String getContentType() { return contentType; } public void setContentType(String contentType) { this.contentType = contentType; } }
3）、新建SocketHttpRequester类，封装上传文件到服务器代码
package com.ljq.utils; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.Socket; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Map; /** * 上传文件到服务器 * * @author Administrator * */ public class SocketHttpRequester { /** * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能: * <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.1.101:8083/upload/servlet/UploadServlet" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name"> <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id"> <input type="file" name="imagefile"/> <input type="file" name="zip"/> </FORM> * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.iteye.cn或http://192.168.1.101:8083这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */ public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{ final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线 final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//数据结束标志 int fileDataLength = 0; for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度 StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder(); fileExplain.append("--"); fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY); fileExplain.append("\r\n"); fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n"); fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n"); fileExplain.append("\r\n"); fileDataLength += fileExplain.length(); if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){ fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length(); }else{ fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length; } } StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据 textEntity.append("--"); textEntity.append(BOUNDARY); textEntity.append("\r\n"); textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n"); textEntity.append(entry.getValue()); textEntity.append("\r\n"); } //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度 int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length; URL url = new URL(path); int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort(); Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port); OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream(); //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送 String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n"; outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes()); String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n"; outStream.write(accept.getBytes()); String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n"; outStream.write(language.getBytes()); String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n"; outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes()); String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n"; outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes()); String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n"; outStream.write(alive.getBytes()); String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n"; outStream.write(host.getBytes()); //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行 outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes()); //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来 outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes()); //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来 for(FormFile uploadFile : files){ StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder(); fileEntity.append("--"); fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY); fileEntity.append("\r\n"); fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n"); fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n"); outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes()); if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){ byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){ outStream.write(buffer, 0, len); } uploadFile.getInStream().close(); }else{ outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length); } outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes()); } //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束 outStream.write(endline.getBytes()); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败 return false; } outStream.flush(); outStream.close(); reader.close(); socket.close(); return true; } /** * 提交数据到服务器 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */ public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{ return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file}); } }
4)、新建MainActivity类，实现每隔5秒上传一次
package com.ljq.activity; import java.io.File; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.os.Handler; import android.util.Log; import com.ljq.utils.FormFile; import com.ljq.utils.SocketHttpRequester; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private File file; private Handler handler; private static final String TAG="MainActivity"; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); Log.i(TAG, "onCreate"); file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "123.rmvb"); Log.i(TAG, "照片文件是否存在："+file); handler=new Handler(); handler.post(runnable); } Runnable runnable=new Runnable() { public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "runnable run"); uploadFile(file); handler.postDelayed(runnable, 5000); } }; /** * 上传图片到服务器 * * @param imageFile 包含路径 */ public void uploadFile(File imageFile) { Log.i(TAG, "upload start"); try { String requestUrl = "http://192.168.1.101:8083/upload/upload/execute.do"; //请求普通信息 Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); params.put("username", "张三"); params.put("pwd", "zhangsan"); params.put("age", "21"); params.put("fileName", imageFile.getName()); //上传文件 FormFile formfile = new FormFile(imageFile.getName(), imageFile, "image", "application/octet-stream"); SocketHttpRequester.post(requestUrl, params, formfile); Log.i(TAG, "upload success"); } catch (Exception e) { Log.i(TAG, "upload error"); e.printStackTrace(); } Log.i(TAG, "upload end"); } }
5)、修改清单文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.ljq.activity" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="4" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> </manifest>
启动模拟器，运行如下：
二、服务器端用来获取Android端上传过来的文件信息
1)、新建一个web项目命名为upload，目录结构如下
注意：记得加入struts2 jar包，需加入的jar如下
2)、新建action类，命名为UploadAction，内容如下
package com.ljq.action; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; /** * 获取Android端上传过来的信息 * * @author Administrator * */ @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class UploadAction extends ActionSupport { // 上传文件域 private File image; // 上传文件类型 private String imageContentType; // 封装上传文件名 private String imageFileName; // 接受依赖注入的属性 private String savePath; @Override public String execute() { HttpServletRequest request=ServletActionContext.getRequest(); FileOutputStream fos = null; FileInputStream fis = null; try { System.out.println("获取Android端传过来的普通信息："); System.out.println("用户名："+request.getParameter("username")); System.out.println("密码："+request.getParameter("pwd")); System.out.println("年龄："+request.getParameter("age")); System.out.println("文件名："+request.getParameter("fileName")); System.out.println("获取Android端传过来的文件信息："); System.out.println("文件存放目录: "+getSavePath()); System.out.println("文件名称: "+imageFileName); System.out.println("文件大小: "+image.length()); System.out.println("文件类型: "+imageContentType); fos = new FileOutputStream(getSavePath() + "/" + getImageFileName()); fis = new FileInputStream(getImage()); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while ((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1) { fos.write(buffer, 0, len); } System.out.println("文件上传成功"); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("文件上传失败"); e.printStackTrace(); } finally { close(fos, fis); } return SUCCESS; } /** * 文件存放目录 * * @return */ public String getSavePath() throws Exception{ return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath(savePath); } public void setSavePath(String savePath) { this.savePath = savePath; } public File getImage() { return image; } public void setImage(File image) { this.image = image; } public String getImageContentType() { return imageContentType; } public void setImageContentType(String imageContentType) { this.imageContentType = imageContentType; } public String getImageFileName() { return imageFileName; } public void setImageFileName(String imageFileName) { this.imageFileName = imageFileName; } private void close(FileOutputStream fos, FileInputStream fis) { if (fis != null) { try { fis.close(); fis=null; } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("FileInputStream关闭失败"); e.printStackTrace(); } } if (fos != null) { try { fos.close(); fis=null; } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("FileOutputStream关闭失败"); e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
3)、配置struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <!-- 该属性指定需要Struts2处理的请求后缀，该属性的默认值是action，即所有匹配*.action的请求都由Struts2处理。 如果用户需要指定多个请求后缀，则多个后缀之间以英文逗号（,）隔开。 --> <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do"/> <!-- 设置浏览器是否缓存静态内容,默认值为true(生产环境下使用),开发阶段最好关闭 --> <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false"/> <!-- 当struts的配置文件修改后,系统是否自动重新加载该文件,默认值为false(生产环境下使用),开发阶段最好打开 --> <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true"/> <!-- 开发模式下使用,这样可以打印出更详细的错误信息 --> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"/> <!-- 默认的视图主题 --> <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple"/> <!--<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />--> <!--解决乱码 --> <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8"/> <!-- 指定允许上传的文件最大字节数。默认值是2097152(2M) --> <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="22097152"/> <!-- 设置上传文件的临时文件夹,默认使用javax.servlet.context.tempdir --> <constant name="struts.multipart.saveDir " value="d:/tmp"/> <package name="upload" namespace="/upload" extends="struts-default"> <action name="execute" class="com.ljq.action.UploadAction"> <!-- 动态设置savePath的属性值 --> <param name="savePath">/image</param> <result name="success">/WEB-INF/page/message.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
4)、配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class> org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>strutsCleanup</filter-name> <filter-class> org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ActionContextCleanUp </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>strutsCleanup</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
运行结构如下：
获取Android端传过来的普通信息：
用户名：张三
密码：zhangsan
年龄：21
文件名：123.rmvb
获取Android端传过来的文件信息：
文件存放目录: D:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18\webapps\upload\image
文件名称: 123.rmvb
文件大小: 3962649
文件类型: application/octet-stream
文件上传成功
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