android 怎样用AIDL Service 传递复杂数据

浏览数：24 / 时间：2015年06月11日

大家都知道在Android中通过AIDL可以跨进程调用Service中的数据，网上也有很多实例，但是大部分实例都是关于基本数据类型的远程调用，很少讲到复杂数据的调用，今天我用一个例子来演示一下怎样用AIDL Service 传递复杂数据。

我们分2步开始：

第一步：部署我们的服务端，也就是Service端：

1：在Service端我先自定义2个类型：Person和Pet。因为我们需要跨进程传递Person对象和Pet对象，所以Person类和Pet类都必须实现Parcelable接口，并要求在实现类中定义一个名为CREATER，类型为Parcelable.creator的静态Field。

代码如下：

  1 package com.example.remoteservice;
  2 
  3 import android.os.Parcel;
  4 import android.os.Parcelable;
  5 
  6 public class Person implements Parcelable {
  7     int id;
  8     String name;
  9     String pass;
 10 
 11     public Person() {
 12 
 13     }
 14 
 15     public Person(int id, String name, String pass) {
 16         this.id = id;
 17         this.name = name;
 18         this.pass = pass;
 19     }
 20 
 21     @Override
 22     public boolean equals(Object o) {
 23         if (this == o) {
 24             return true;
 25         }
 26         if (o == null) {
 27             return false;
 28         }
 29 
 30         if (getClass() != o.getClass()) {
 31             return false;
 32         }
 33         Person other = (Person) o;
 34 
 35         if (name == null) {
 36             if (other.name != null) {
 37                 return false;
 38             }
 39         } else if (!name.equals(other.name)) {
 40             return false;
 41         }
 42 
 43         if (pass == null) {
 44             if (other.pass != null) {
 45                 return false;
 46             }
 47         } else if (!pass.equals(other.pass)) {
 48             return false;
 49         }
 50 
 51         return true;
 52     }
 53 
 54     @Override
 55     public int hashCode() {
 56         final int prime = 31;
 57         int result = 1;
 58         result = prime * result + (name == null ? 0 : name.hashCode());
 59         result = prime * result + (pass == null ? 0 : pass.hashCode());
 60         return result;
 61     }
 62 
 63     @Override
 64     public int describeContents() {
 65 
 66         return 0;
 67     }
 68 
 69     @Override
 70     public void writeToParcel(Parcel arg0, int arg1) {
 71         arg0.writeInt(id);
 72         arg0.writeString(name);
 73         arg0.writeString(pass);
 74     }
 75 
 76     public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() {
 77 
 78         @Override
 79         public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
 80 
 81             return new Person(source.readInt(), source.readString(), source.readString());
 82         }
 83 
 84         @Override
 85         public Person[] newArray(int size) {
 86 
 87             return new Person[size];
 88         }
 89     };
 90 
 91     public int getId() {
 92         return id;
 93     }
 94 
 95     public void setId(int id) {
 96         this.id = id;
 97     }
 98 
 99     public String getName() {
100         return name;
101     }
102 
103     public void setName(String name) {
104         this.name = name;
105     }
106 
107     public String getPass() {
108         return pass;
109     }
110 
111     public void setPass(String pass) {
112         this.pass = pass;
113     }
114 
115 }

因为我们会对Person进行比较，所以在Person类中我重写了

public int hashCode() 和 public boolean equals(Object o)方法

 1 package com.example.remoteservice;
 2 
 3 import android.os.Parcel;
 4 import android.os.Parcelable;
 5 
 6 public class Pet implements Parcelable {
 7     String name;
 8     float weight;
 9 
10     public Pet(String name, float weight) {
11         this.name = name;
12         this.weight = weight;
13     }
14 
15     public String getName() {
16         return name;
17     }
18 
19     public void setName(String name) {
20         this.name = name;
21     }
22 
23     public float getWeight() {
24         return weight;
25     }
26 
27     public void setWeight(float weight) {
28         this.weight = weight;
29     }
30 
31     @Override
32     public int describeContents() {
33 
34         return 1;
35     }
36 
37     @Override
38     public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
39         dest.writeString(name);
40         dest.writeFloat(weight);
41 
42     }
43 
44     public static final Parcelable.Creator<Pet> CREATOR = new Creator<Pet>() {
45 
46         @Override
47         public Pet createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
48 
49             return new Pet(source.readString(), source.readFloat());
50         }
51 
52         @Override
53         public Pet[] newArray(int size) {
54 
55             return new Pet[size];
56         }
57     };
58 
59     @Override
60     public String toString() {
61 
62         return "name:" + this.name + ";weight:" + this.weight;
63     }
64 
65 }

2：创建完自定义类型之后还需要用AIDL来定义它们，Person.aidl和Pet.aidl的代码如下：

1 package com.example.remoteservice;
2 parcelable Person;

1 package com.example.remoteservice;
2 parcelable Pet;

3：完成1,2之后就可以使用AIDL定义通信接口了，在这里我定义一个IPet.aidl的接口，代码如下：

1 package com.example.remoteservice; //必须导入包 
2 import com.example.remoteservice.Person; //指定自定义类的位置
3 import com.example.remoteservice.Pet;
4 
5 interface IPet
6 {
7 List<Pet> getPets(in Person owner);//这里的in表示Person对象是输入的参数
8 }

4：服务端的最后一步就是实现Service了，当然不要忘了注册Service，代码如下：

 1 package com.example.remoteservice;
 2 
 3 import com.example.remoteservice.IPet.Stub;
 4 
 5 import java.util.ArrayList;
 6 import java.util.HashMap;
 7 import java.util.List;
 8 import java.util.Map;
 9 
10 import android.app.Service;
11 import android.content.Intent;
12 import android.os.IBinder;
13 import android.os.RemoteException;
14 import android.util.Log;
15 
16 public class RemoteService extends Service {
17 
18     private PetBinder petBinder;
19 
20     private static Map<Person, List<Pet>> pets = new HashMap<Person, List<Pet>>();
21     static {
22         ArrayList<Pet> list1 = new ArrayList<Pet>();
23         list1.add(new Pet("candy", 2.2f));
24         list1.add(new Pet("sandy", 4.2f));
25         pets.put(new Person(1, "sun", "sun"), list1);
26 
27         ArrayList<Pet> list2 = new ArrayList<Pet>();
28         list2.add(new Pet("moon", 5.2f));
29         list2.add(new Pet("hony", 6.2f));
30         pets.put(new Person(1, "csx", "csx"), list2);
31 
32     }
33 
34     public class PetBinder extends Stub {// 继承IPet接口中的Stub类，Stub类继承了Binder类,所有PetBinder也间接的继承了Binder类
35 
36         @Override
37         public List<Pet> getPets(Person owner) throws RemoteException {
38 
39             return pets.get(owner);
40         }
41 
42     }
43 
44     @Override
45     public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
46 
47         Log.i("csx", "onBind");
48         return petBinder;
49     }
50 
51     @Override
52     public void onCreate() {
53 
54         super.onCreate();
55         Log.i("csx", "onCreate");
56         petBinder = new PetBinder();// 实例化Binder
57 
58     }
59 
60     @Override
61     public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
62 
63         Log.i("csx", "onUnbind");
64         return super.onUnbind(intent);
65     }
66 
67     @Override
68     public void onDestroy() {
69 
70         super.onDestroy();
71         Log.i("csx", "onDestroy");
72     }
73 
74 }

这是我Service端的部署情况（其中MainActivity可以不用去实现，因为我们只提供服务，没有窗口显示）：

技术分享

第二步：部署客户端：

1.在客户端新建一个包，命名需要和服务端放置aidl文件的包名相同（我这里是com.example.remoteservice），然后把服务端的Person.java,Pet.java,Person.aidl,Pet.aidl,IPet.aidl复制到这个包下面

技术分享

2.在activity中绑定远程服务进行数据交换，layout布局和activity代码如下：

 1 <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 2     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 3     android:layout_width="match_parent"
 4     android:layout_height="match_parent"
 5     android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
 6     android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
 7     android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
 8     android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
 9     tools:context="com.example.remoteclient.RemoteClient" >
10 
11     <LinearLayout
12         android:layout_width="match_parent"
13         android:layout_height="match_parent"
14         android:orientation="vertical" >
15 
16         <LinearLayout
17             android:layout_width="match_parent"
18             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
19             android:orientation="horizontal" >
20 
21             <EditText
22                 android:id="@+id/editText_person"
23                 android:layout_width="wrap_content"
24                 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
25                 android:layout_gravity="bottom"
26                 android:ems="10" >
27             </EditText>
28 
29             <Button
30                 android:id="@+id/button_ok"
31                 android:layout_width="wrap_content"
32                 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
33                 android:layout_gravity="bottom"
34                 android:text="确定" />
35         </LinearLayout>
36 
37         <ListView
38             android:id="@+id/listView_pet"
39             android:layout_width="match_parent"
40             android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
41         </ListView>
42     </LinearLayout>
43 
44 </RelativeLayout>

技术分享

  1 package com.example.remoteclient;
  2 
  3 import android.app.Service;
  4 import android.content.ComponentName;
  5 import android.content.Intent;
  6 import android.content.ServiceConnection;
  7 import android.os.Bundle;
  8 import android.os.IBinder;
  9 import android.os.RemoteException;
 10 import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
 11 import android.util.Log;
 12 import android.view.View;
 13 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
 14 import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
 15 import android.widget.Button;
 16 import android.widget.EditText;
 17 import android.widget.ListView;
 18 
 19 import com.example.remoteservice.IPet;
 20 import com.example.remoteservice.Person;
 21 import com.example.remoteservice.Pet;
 22 
 23 import java.util.List;
 24 
 25 public class RemoteClient extends ActionBarActivity {
 26 
 27     public static final String REMOTE_SERVICE_ACTION = "com.example.remoteservice.RemoteService.ACTION";
 28     EditText editText;
 29     Button button;
 30     ListView listView;
 31 
 32     IPet petService;// 声明IPet接口
 33     List<Pet> pets;
 34     ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {
 35 
 36         @Override
 37         public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
 38             Log.i("csx", "onServiceDisconnected");
 39             conn = null;
 40         }
 41 
 42         @Override
 43         public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
 44             Log.i("csx", "onServiceConnected");
 45             petService = IPet.Stub.asInterface(service);// 通过远程服务的Binder实现接口
 46 
 47         }
 48     };
 49 
 50     @Override
 51     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 52         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 53         setContentView(R.layout.remote_client_layout);
 54         editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText_person);
 55         button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_ok);
 56         listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView_pet);
 57 
 58         Intent service = new Intent();
 59         service.setAction(REMOTE_SERVICE_ACTION);
 60 
 61         bindService(service, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);// 绑定远程服务
 62 
 63         button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
 64 
 65             @Override
 66             public void onClick(View v) {
 67                 String personName = editText.getText().toString();
 68                 if (personName == null || personName.equals("")) {
 69 
 70                     return;
 71                 }
 72 
 73                 try {
 74                     pets = petService.getPets(new Person(1, personName, personName));// 调用远程service的getPets方法
 75                     updataListView();
 76 
 77                 } catch (RemoteException e) {
 78 
 79                     e.printStackTrace();
 80                 } catch (NullPointerException e) {
 81                     e.printStackTrace();
 82                 }
 83 
 84             }
 85         });
 86 
 87     }
 88 
 89     public void updataListView() {
 90         listView.setAdapter(null);
 91 
 92         if (pets == null || pets.isEmpty()) {
 93             return;
 94 
 95         }
 96         ArrayAdapter<Pet> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<Pet>(RemoteClient.this,
 97                 android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, pets);
 98         listView.setAdapter(adapter);
 99 
100     }
101 
102     @Override
103     protected void onDestroy() {
104 
105         unbindService(conn);// 解除绑定
106         super.onDestroy();
107     }
108 
109 }