Android Spinner使用简介

浏览数：26 / 时间：2015年06月11日

　　Android中使用Spinner作为下拉列表，下面直接看实现方式；

（1）使用ArrayAdapter来实现；

实现步骤：

1. 在布局文件中定义Spinner组件；

2. 向Spinner添加需要的数据，可以在XML文件中定义列表数据，也可以在Java代码中设置；

3. 设置监听器setOnItemSelectedListener，并实现onItemSelected方法；

先看在Java代码中添加下拉列表的数据；

MainActivity.java

package com.xiaozhang.spinner1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private static final String[] province = { "山东省", "河南省", "福建省", "陕西省",
            "陕西省", "湖北省" };
    private TextView textView;
    private Spinner spinner;
    private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
        spinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner);

        // 将Spinner里面的可选择内容通过ArrayAdapter连接起来
        arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
                android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, province);
        // 设置Spinner的样式
        arrayAdapter
                .setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
        // 为Spinner设置适配器
        spinner.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);
        // 添加Spinner事件监听
        spinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new Spinner.OnItemSelectedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1,
                    int arg2, long arg3) {
                textView.setText("选择城市：" + province[arg2]);
                // 设置显示当前选择的项
                arg0.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            }

            @Override
            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {
            }
        });
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:padding="10dp" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:gravity="center" />

    <Spinner
        android:id="@+id/spinner"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

再看一下在配置文件中添加数据：

MainActivity.java

package com.xiaozhang.spinner1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView textView;
    private Spinner spinner;
    private ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> adapter;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        spinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner);
        textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);

        adapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(this, R.array.province,
                android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);

        // 调用setDropDownViewResource方法，以XML的方式定义下拉菜单要显示的样式
        adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);

        // 为spinner设置适配器
        spinner.setAdapter(adapter);
        spinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new MyOnItemSelectedListener());
    }

    public class MyOnItemSelectedListener implements OnItemSelectedListener {
        public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int pos,
                long id) {
            textView.setText("城市：" + parent.getItemAtPosition(pos).toString());
        }

        public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
        }
    }
}

activity_main.xml文件不变，在strings.xml中添加：

 <string-array name="province">
        <item>山东省</item>
        <item>河南省</item>
        <item>福建省</item>
        <item>陕西省</item>
        <item>湖北省</item>
    </string-array>

（2）我们还可以使用自定义Adapter，通过继承BaseAdapter来实习下拉列表的功能；

实现代码如下：

Spinner1.java

package com.xiaozhang.spinner1;

public class Spinner1 {
    private String name;
    private String address;

    public Spinner1(String name, String address) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return name + " " + address;
    }
}

MainActivity.java

package com.xiaozhang.spinner1;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView textView;
    private Spinner spinner;
    List<Spinner1> list;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
        spinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner1);

        list = new ArrayList<Spinner1>();
        list.add(new Spinner1("张三", "上海 "));
        list.add(new Spinner1("李四", "郑州 "));
        list.add(new Spinner1("王五", "北京"));
        list.add(new Spinner1("赵六", "广州 "));

        MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter(this, list);

        // 为spinner设置适配器
        spinner.setAdapter(myAdapter);
        spinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new MyOnItemSelectedListener());
    }

    public class MyOnItemSelectedListener implements OnItemSelectedListener {
        public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int pos,
                long id) {
            // 或者使用：textView.setText("选择的是：" + list.get(pos));
            textView.setText("选择的是：" + parent.getItemAtPosition(pos).toString());
        }

        public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
        }
    }
}

MyAdapter.java

package com.xiaozhang.spinner1;

import java.util.List;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private List<Spinner1> mList;
    private Context mContext;

    public MyAdapter(Context pContext, List<Spinner1> pList) {
        this.mContext = pContext;
        this.mList = pList;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return mList.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
        convertView = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.item, null);
        if (convertView != null) {
            TextView textView1 = (TextView) convertView
                    .findViewById(R.id.textView1);
            TextView textView2 = (TextView) convertView
                    .findViewById(R.id.textView2);
            textView1.setText(mList.get(position).getName());
            textView2.setText(mList.get(position).getAddress());
        }
        return convertView;
    }
}

item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:drawableLeft="@drawable/pic1"
        android:paddingLeft="5dp"
        android:paddingRight="5dp"
        android:paddingTop="8dp"
        android:textSize="15sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:paddingTop="8dp"
        android:textSize="15sp" />

</LinearLayout>