[Android]天气预报项目1

浏览数：36 / 时间：2015年06月11日

       闲赋在家，无事可做就想着做点东西，于是乎把玩手机，我最常用的就是看天气，基本上我每天起来第一件事就是看天气，哈哈，用别人的这么爽，为什么不自己整一个关于天气的应用呢，墨迹天气、小米系统自带的天气、yahoo天气，这几个我比较了下，发现墨迹还是综合起来比较强大，那就从模仿墨迹天机开始吧。

   当然我没有服务端的人员，数据只能从网上的开放服务接口来用。

   先来看下接口来源和用法吧。

  天气的接口和用法

    国内的天气预报数据，主要是国家气象局和国外两个来源（指数据来源）。

  • 国外方面主要是雅虎（XML格式，谷歌已经停掉了自家的天气API）；
  • 国内数据由国家气象局提供（JSON格式）。

   雅虎的那一套不知是不是稳定，再说了支持下国家气象局就是支持人民，我相信人民。

  1. 实时天气接口

有多个接口，好像差别不大：
实时天气1：http://www.weather.com.cn/data/sk/101190408.html
实时天气2：http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101190408.html
实时天气3（带时间戳）：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/data/sk/101010100.html?_=1381891661455

   2. 一周天气预报接口

  • 7天预报数据 URL： http://mobile.weather.com.cn/data/forecast/101010100.html?_=1381891660081
    该接口来源气象局移动版网站，目测数据最为精确，详细接口格式如下：

     

    详细接口分析如下：

    //格式说明
var format={fa:图片1,fb：图片2,fc:温度1,fd：温度2,fe:风向1,ff：风向2,fg:风力1,fh：风力2,fi:日出日落};  
//定义天气类型
var weatherArr={"00":"晴","01":"多云","02":"阴","03":"阵雨","04":"雷阵雨","05":"雷阵雨伴有冰雹","06":"雨夹雪","07":"小雨","08":"中雨","09":"大雨","10":"暴雨","11":"大暴雨","12":"特大暴雨","13":"阵雪","14":"小雪","15":"中雪","16":"大雪","17":"暴雪","18":"雾","19":"冻雨","20":"沙尘暴","21":"小到中雨","22":"中到大雨","23":"大到暴雨","24":"暴雨到大暴雨","25":"大暴雨到特大暴雨","26":"小到中雪","27":"中到大雪","28":"大到暴雪","29":"浮尘","30":"扬沙","31":"强沙尘暴","53":"霾","99":""};  
//定义风向数组  
var fxArr={"0":"无持续风向","1":"东北风","2":"东风","3":"东南风","4":"南风","5":"西南风","6":"西风","7":"西北风","8":"北风","9":"旋转风"};    
//定义风力数组  
var flArr={"0":"微风","1":"3-4级","2":"4-5级","3":"5-6级","4":"6-7级","5":"7-8级","6":"8-9级","7":"9-10级","8":"10-11级","9":"11-12级"};

  • 6天预报数据 URL： http://m.weather.com.cn/data/101190408.html
    该接口来源网络，应该是一个流传比较久的接口，大发现准确性和稳定性可能不稳定。接口分析如下：

    {"weatherinfo":{
      #基本信息
      "city":"北京","city_en":"beijing","date_y":"2013年9月24日","date":"","week":"星期二","fchh":"11","cityid":"101010100",
      #6天温度范围
      "temp1":"22℃~11℃","temp2":"25℃~11℃","temp3":"26℃~13℃","temp4":"25℃~15℃","temp5":"25℃~16℃","temp6":"24℃~16℃",
      #6天温度范围（华氏）
      "tempF1":"71.6℉~51.8℉","tempF2":"77℉~51.8℉","tempF3":"78.8℉~55.4℉","tempF4":"77℉~59℉","tempF5":"77℉~60.8℉","tempF6":"75.2℉~60.8℉",
      #6天天气
      "weather1":"多云转晴","weather2":"晴","weather3":"晴","weather4":"晴转多云","weather5":"阴转阵雨","weather6":"多云",
      #6天天气图示（每天2张）
      "img1":"1","img2":"0","img3":"0","img4":"99","img5":"0","img6":"99","img7":"0","img8":"1","img9":"2","img10":"3","img11":"1","img12":"99",
      "img_single":"1",
      #6天天气图示文字（每天2）
      "img_title1":"多","img_title2":"晴","img_title3":"晴","img_title4":"晴","img_title5":"晴","img_title6":"晴","img_title7":"晴","img_title8":"多云","img_title9":"阴","img_title10":"阵雨","img_title11":"多云","img_title12":"多云",
      "img_title_single":"多云",
      #6天风
      "wind1":"北风3-4级转微风","wind2":"微风","wind3":"微风","wind4":"微风","wind5":"微风","wind6":"微风",
      "fx1":"北风","fx2":"微风",
      #6天风力情况
      "fl1":"3-4级转小于3级","fl2":"小于3级","fl3":"小于3级","fl4":"小于3级","fl5":"小于3级","fl6":"小于3级",
      #24小时内
      "index":"较冷","index_d":"建议着大衣、呢外套加毛衣、卫衣等服装。体弱者宜着厚外套、厚毛衣。因昼夜温差较大，注意增减衣服。",
      #48小时内
      "index48":"较舒适","index48_d":"建议着薄外套或牛仔衫裤等服装。年老体弱者宜着夹克衫、薄毛衣等。昼夜温差较大，注意适当增减衣服。",
      #紫外 洗车 旅游 舒适指数 晨练 晾晒 过敏
      "index_uv":"弱",
      "index48_uv":"强",
      "index_xc":"适宜",
      "index_tr":"适宜",
      "index_co":"舒",
      "st1":"21","st2":"12","st3":"24","st4":"12","st5":"25","st6":"14", #不明
      "index_cl":"较适宜",
      "index_ls":"适宜",
      "index_ag":"极易发"
}}

  3. 相应图片信息接口

不同天气对应不同图片，每天两张图片对应白天和晚上天气，下面以晴天为例演示几种可用的图片类型。

来自weather.com.cn的图片： 20x20：http://m.weather.com.cn/img/c0.gif
50x46：http://m.weather.com.cn/img/b0.gif
29x20：http://www.weather.com.cn/m/i/weatherpic/29x20/d0.gif #白天带黄色背景
29x20：http://www.weather.com.cn/m2/i/icon_weather/29x20/n00.gif #夜间带深色背景
城市LOGO：http://poster.weather.com.cn/p_files/base/101020100.jpg

c打头的图片是2020像素的，b打头的是5046像素的，d打头的是反白的图标，2920像素，n打头的是夜间反白图标，2920像素，注意这里的文件名是两位数字！

来自mobile.weather.com的图片(图片看起来更美观）)：
晴天：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/images/day/00.png
多云：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/images/day/01.png
多云晚上： http://mobile.weather.com.cn/images/night/01.png
下雨：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/images/day/07.png
阴天：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/images/day/02.png

4. 其他数据获取接口

天气资讯数据： http://mobile.weather.com.cn/data/news/khdjson.htm?_=1381891660018
室外活动指数数据：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/data/zsM/101010100.html?_=1381891661502
3H预测数据接口： http://mobile.weather.com.cn/data/forecast3h/101010100.html?_=1381891661605

如有特殊天气发生，通过预警接口可获取预警数据，详细如下：
特殊天气预警接口：http://product.weather.com.cn/alarm/stationalarm.php?areaid=101190401&count=-1&_=1381894097508
信息格式如下：


var alarminfo={"count":"25","data":[["江苏省","**10119-20131204220706-1203.html**"]]};

预警内容获取：http://www.weather.com.cn/data/alarm/10119-20131204220706-1203.html
预警信息页面：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/yj_content.html?file=10119-20131204220706-1203.html

var alarminfo={
    "ALERTID":"201312042208582381大雾橙色",
    "PROVINCE":"江苏省",
    "CITY":"","STATIONNAME":"",
    "SIGNALTYPE":"大雾",
    "SIGNALLEVEL":"橙色",
    "ISSUETIME":"2013-12-04 22:07:06",
    "ISSUECONTENT":"江苏省气象台13年12月4日21时57分发布大雾橙色预警信号。目前淮安、盐城、南通、扬州和泰州的大部分地区已经出现能见度小于200米的雾并将持续，另外预计未来12小时内徐州、连云港、宿迁、南京、镇江、常州、无锡和苏州的大部分地区将出现能见度小于1000米、大于等于200米的雾。",
    "UNDERWRITER":"魏建苏",
    "RELIEVETIME":"2013-12-05 22:07:06"}

  5. 获取全国所有城市代码列表

方法一
XML接口根节点： http://flash.weather.com.cn/wmaps/xml/china.xml
XML接口主要作用是递归获取全国几千个县以上单位的城市代码，如：
江苏的XML地址为：http://flash.weather.com.cn/wmaps/xml/shanghai.xml
苏州的XML地址为：http://flash.weather.com.cn/wmaps/xml/jiangsu.xml
上面页面获得太仓city code：101190408
合成太仓天气信息地址：http://m.weather.com.cn/data/101190408.html

下面贴一段PHP代码实现的，通过XML接口根节点递归获得全国几千个县以上城市cide code的代码，供参考(可直接在终端下运行）：

方法二
更新：最新发现可以一次性获取全国+国外主要城市，8763个城市列表信息。
URL：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/js/citylist.xml

Yahoo天气预报接口

URL: http://weather.yahooapis.com/forecastrss?w=2151330&u=c
该接口没有测试。

二 环境指数接口

最近大半个中国发生的严重雾霾天气，震惊了我们的老百姓，PM2.5指数概念深入人心。目前有两个接口推荐：

  • pm25.in，需要申请KEY,次数有限制，数据内容丰富，格式清楚；
  • 国家气象局，无需KEY，且次数无限制，数据内容简单，无PM10数据。
pm25.in PM10/PM2.5数值查询接口

pm25.in主页，pm25.in是一家第三方提供pm2.5/pm10环境数据的网站，数据来源于中国国家环境监测中心，其接口使用需要申请KEY（具体请参考其官方网站）。

PM10调用：http://www.pm25.in/api/querys/pm10.json?city=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7&token=5j1znBVAsnSf5xQyNQyq&avg(该链接中的Key仅供测试用，请自行申请）
数据格式如下：（最后一行为所有检测点平均值）

[
{"aqi":147,"area":"上海","pm10":180,"pm10_24h":167,"position_name":"普陀","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"轻度污染","station_code":"1141A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":163,"area":"上海","pm10":151,"pm10_24h":156,"position_name":"十五厂","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"中度污染","station_code":"1142A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":150,"area":"上海","pm10":0,"pm10_24h":0,"position_name":"虹口","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"轻度污染","station_code":"1143A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":170,"area":"上海","pm10":0,"pm10_24h":0,"position_name":"徐汇上师大","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"中度污染","station_code":"1144A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":0,"area":"上海","pm10":0,"pm10_24h":0,"position_name":"杨浦四漂","primary_pollutant":null,"quality":null,"station_code":"1145A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":79,"area":"上海","pm10":115,"pm10_24h":108,"position_name":"青浦淀山湖","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM10)","quality":"良","station_code":"1146A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":160,"area":"上海","pm10":0,"pm10_24h":121,"position_name":"静安监测站","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"中度污染","station_code":"1147A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":150,"area":"上海","pm10":198,"pm10_24h":135,"position_name":"浦东川沙","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"轻度污染","station_code":"1148A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":152,"area":"上海","pm10":152,"pm10_24h":150,"position_name":"浦东新区监测站","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"中度污染","station_code":"1149A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":0,"area":"上海","pm10":0,"pm10_24h":0,"position_name":"浦东张江","primary_pollutant":null,"quality":null,"station_code":"1150A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":146,"area":"上海","pm10":159,"pm10_24h":139,"position_name":null,"primary_pollutant":null,"quality":"轻度污染","station_code":null,"time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"}
]

PM2.5调用：http://www.pm25.in/api/querys/pm2_5.json?city=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7&token=5j1znBVAsnSf5xQyNQyq&avg(该链接中的Key仅供测试用，请自行申请）
数据格式如下：（最后一行为所有检测点平均值）

[
{"aqi":147,"area":"上海","pm2_5":105,"pm2_5_24h":112,"position_name":"普陀","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"轻度污染","station_code":"1141A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":163,"area":"上海","pm2_5":129,"pm2_5_24h":124,"position_name":"十五厂","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"中度污染","station_code":"1142A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":150,"area":"上海","pm2_5":124,"pm2_5_24h":115,"position_name":"虹口","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"轻度污染","station_code":"1143A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":170,"area":"上海","pm2_5":141,"pm2_5_24h":129,"position_name":"徐汇上师大","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"中度污染","station_code":"1144A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":0,"area":"上海","pm2_5":0,"pm2_5_24h":0,"position_name":"杨浦四漂","primary_pollutant":null,"quality":null,"station_code":"1145A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":79,"area":"上海","pm2_5":0,"pm2_5_24h":0,"position_name":"青浦淀山湖","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM10)","quality":"良","station_code":"1146A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":160,"area":"上海","pm2_5":103,"pm2_5_24h":122,"position_name":"静安监测站","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"中度污染","station_code":"1147A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":150,"area":"上海","pm2_5":163,"pm2_5_24h":115,"position_name":"浦东川沙","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"轻度污染","station_code":"1148A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":152,"area":"上海","pm2_5":127,"pm2_5_24h":116,"position_name":"浦东新区监测站","primary_pollutant":"颗粒物(PM2.5)","quality":"中度污染","station_code":"1149A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":0,"area":"上海","pm2_5":0,"pm2_5_24h":0,"position_name":"浦东张江","primary_pollutant":null,"quality":null,"station_code":"1150A","time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"},
{"aqi":146,"area":"上海","pm2_5":127,"pm2_5_24h":119,"position_name":null,"primary_pollutant":null,"quality":"轻度污染","station_code":null,"time_point":"2013-12-04T19:00:00Z"}
]

注意: 部分城市可能没有pm2.5/pm10数据；

气象局接口PM2.5数值查询接口

气象局接口目前提供PM2.5和AQI数据查询，暂没有发现PM10查询接口。该接口目前不需要申请KEY，可以直接使用。

接口：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/data/air/101190401.html?_=1386217771438
页面：http://mobile.weather.com.cn/air/101190401.html

格式如下：



{"k":{"
    k1":"?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?|?",
    "k2":"246|239|156|?|114|114|105|105|119|139|290|300|178|178|193|217|217|217|217|217|217|217|217|217|217",
    "k3":"296|289|206|?|148|148|137|137|155|315|340|368|228|228|243|267|267|267|267|267|267|267|267|267|267",
    "k4":"201312051100"}}


解析方法如下：
```  

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
  1. $pm2d5Str = result.k.k2;   
  2. $pm2d5Arr = result.k.k3.split("|");   
  3. $pm2d5 = $pm2d5Arr[23];  
  4.    
  5. $aqiStr=result.k.k3;    
  6. $aqiArr=result.k.k3.split("|");    
  7. $aqi = $aqiArr[23];  
  8.   
  9. $publish_date=result.k.k4;    

参考

[Android]天气预报项目1,,5-wow.com

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