ios开发开源框架管理工具Cocoapods安装使用

浏览数：23 / 时间：2015年06月11日

Cocoapod是一个强大的第三方的开源框架的管理工具,其中的各种开源类库,很多都是持续更新;那么我们在使用的时候就可以使用到最新的类库;由于我们在使用开源框架的时候,也难免会遇到第三方类库可能会出现的Bug,或者由于苹果的SDK更新,各种框架也需要更新,使用Cocoapods的话就可以一键更新到最新的开源框架了!

首先就是要安装Cocoapos了,安装它需要ruby环境,但是较新的Mac 系统已经为我们安装好了ruby,所以我们现在可以直接安装Cocoapods啦!

安装Cocoapods步骤:

1.打开终端,设置root密码

执行如下命令来设置root密码(如果你没有设置root密码的话)

sudo passwd root

New password:
Retype new password:

输入密码并且确认即可

2.安装Cocoapods

(1)执行命令:

su

输入密码切换到root用户

(2)执行:

gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/

待有反应(输出

https://rubygems.org/ removed from sources

)
(3)然后执行:

 gem sources -a http://ruby.taobao.org/

(输出是

http://ruby.taobao.org/ added to sources

)

(4)查看是否关联到镜像,执行

gem sources -l

(输出

*** CURRENT SOURCES ***

http://ruby.taobao.org/

,代表执行之前的命令是成功的)

(5)安装Cocoapods,执行

sudo gem install cocoapods

可能需要等待几分钟,Cocoapods库就安装好了,输出如下:

Fetching: i18n-0.7.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed i18n-0.7.0
Fetching: thread_safe-0.3.5.gem (100%)
Successfully installed thread_safe-0.3.5
Fetching: tzinfo-1.2.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed tzinfo-1.2.2
Fetching: minitest-5.5.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed minitest-5.5.1
Fetching: activesupport-4.2.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed activesupport-4.2.1
Fetching: nap-0.8.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed nap-0.8.0
Fetching: fuzzy_match-2.0.4.gem (100%)
Successfully installed fuzzy_match-2.0.4
Fetching: cocoapods-core-0.36.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cocoapods-core-0.36.0
Fetching: claide-0.8.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed claide-0.8.1
Fetching: colored-1.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed colored-1.2
Fetching: xcodeproj-0.23.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed xcodeproj-0.23.0
Fetching: cocoapods-downloader-0.8.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cocoapods-downloader-0.8.1
Fetching: cocoapods-plugins-0.4.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cocoapods-plugins-0.4.1
Fetching: cocoapods-try-0.4.3.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cocoapods-try-0.4.3
Fetching: netrc-0.7.8.gem (100%)
Successfully installed netrc-0.7.8
Fetching: cocoapods-trunk-0.6.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cocoapods-trunk-0.6.0
Fetching: molinillo-0.2.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed molinillo-0.2.1
Fetching: escape-0.0.4.gem (100%)
Successfully installed escape-0.0.4
Fetching: open4-1.3.4.gem (100%)
Successfully installed open4-1.3.4
Fetching: cocoapods-0.36.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cocoapods-0.36.0
Parsing documentation for i18n-0.7.0
Installing ri documentation for i18n-0.7.0
Parsing documentation for thread_safe-0.3.5
Installing ri documentation for thread_safe-0.3.5
Parsing documentation for tzinfo-1.2.2
Installing ri documentation for tzinfo-1.2.2
Parsing documentation for minitest-5.5.1
Installing ri documentation for minitest-5.5.1
Parsing documentation for activesupport-4.2.1
unable to convert "\x84" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for lib/active_support/values/unicode_tables.dat, skipping
Installing ri documentation for activesupport-4.2.1
Parsing documentation for nap-0.8.0
Installing ri documentation for nap-0.8.0
Parsing documentation for fuzzy_match-2.0.4
Installing ri documentation for fuzzy_match-2.0.4
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-core-0.36.0
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-core-0.36.0
Parsing documentation for claide-0.8.1
Installing ri documentation for claide-0.8.1
Parsing documentation for colored-1.2
Installing ri documentation for colored-1.2
Parsing documentation for xcodeproj-0.23.0
Installing ri documentation for xcodeproj-0.23.0
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-downloader-0.8.1
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-downloader-0.8.1
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-plugins-0.4.1
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-plugins-0.4.1
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-try-0.4.3
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-try-0.4.3
Parsing documentation for netrc-0.7.8
Installing ri documentation for netrc-0.7.8
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-trunk-0.6.0
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-trunk-0.6.0
Parsing documentation for molinillo-0.2.1
Installing ri documentation for molinillo-0.2.1
Parsing documentation for escape-0.0.4
Installing ri documentation for escape-0.0.4
Parsing documentation for open4-1.3.4
Installing ri documentation for open4-1.3.4
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-0.36.0
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-0.36.0
20 gems installed

(6)测试一下pod命令,在终端执行

exit

退出root用户,因为Cocoapods默认不能在root上正常的使用

pod

会输出:

sh-3.2# exit
exit
macios:~ mac$ pod
Usage:

    $ pod COMMAND

      CocoaPods, the Cocoa library package manager.

Commands:

    + init       Generate a Podfile for the current directory.
    + install    Install project dependencies to Podfile.lock versions
    + ipc        Inter-process communication
    + lib        Develop pods
    + list       List pods
    + outdated   Show outdated project dependencies
    + plugins    Show available CocoaPods plugins
    + repo       Manage spec-repositories
    + search     Searches for pods
    + setup      Setup the CocoaPods environment
    + spec       Manage pod specs
    + trunk      Interact with the CocoaPods API (e.g. publishing new specs)
    + try        Try a Pod!
    + update     Update outdated project dependencies and create new
                 Podfile.lock

Options:

    --silent     Show nothing
    --version    Show the version of the tool
    --verbose    Show more debugging information
    --no-ansi    Show output without ANSI codes
    --help       Show help banner of specified command
macios:~ mac$

输出如上,代码Cocoapods安装成功!

3.使用Cocoapods

首先新建一个ios工程如FirstApp,然后关闭工程[此点很重要,否则会无法正常使用Cocoapods安装类库],切换到工程的根目录(拖拽工程文件夹可以快速的切换)

(1)执行

 cd /Users/mac/Desktop/FirstApp(你的工程根目录路径)

(2)执行

pod init

执行完成之后,会在根目录下创建一个文件:Podfile
(3)搜索你需要的类库,只需输入部分字符串即可,自动查找

比如我们来搜索一下AFNetworking类库,执行:

pod search afnet

如果是第一次使用Cocoapods搜索的话会满一些,稍等一下,即可看到很多的AF相关的内容出来了,其中有我们想要的AFNetworking框架

部分输出如下:

-> AFNetworkActivityLumberjackLogger (2.0.3)
   AFNetworking 2.0 Extension for Network Request Logging with Support of
   CocoaLumberjack forked from AFNetworkActivityLogger by Matt Thompson
   pod 'AFNetworkActivityLumberjackLogger', '~> 2.0.3'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/sohayb/AFNetworkActivityLogger
   - Source:   https://github.com/sohayb/AFNetworkActivityLogger.git
   - Versions: 2.0.3 [master repo]


-> AFNetworking (2.5.1)
   A delightful iOS and OS X networking framework.
   pod 'AFNetworking', '~> 2.5.1'
   - Homepage: https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFNetworking
   - Source:   https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFNetworking.git
   - Versions: 2.5.1, 2.5.0, 2.4.1, 2.4.0, 2.3.1, 2.3.0, 2.2.4, 2.2.3, 2.2.2,
   2.2.1, 2.2.0, 2.1.0, 2.0.3, 2.0.2, 2.0.1, 2.0.0, 2.0.0-RC3, 2.0.0-RC2,
   2.0.0-RC1, 1.3.4, 1.3.3, 1.3.2, 1.3.1, 1.3.0, 1.2.1, 1.2.0, 1.1.0, 1.0.1,
   1.0, 1.0RC3, 1.0RC2, 1.0RC1, 0.10.1, 0.10.0, 0.9.2, 0.9.1, 0.9.0, 0.7.0,
   0.5.1 [master repo]

拷贝出其中我们需要使用的命令:

pod 'AFNetworking', '~> 2.5.1'

这个命令代表了安装AF的版本,是2.5.1

AF安装到工程中的方法:

打开工程根目录下的Podfile文件,把上面的安装AF的命令写入其中即可,如果有多个框架分行写入到其中即可

# Uncomment this line to define a global platform for your project
# platform :ios, '6.0'

target 'FirstApp' do
pod 'AFNetworking', '~> 2.5.1'

end

target 'FirstAppTests' do

end

如上,把pod ‘AFNetworking‘ , ‘~>2.5.1‘放在do 之后,即可

如果还有其他的框架,则放在
pod ‘AFNetworking‘ , ‘~>2.5.1‘的下一行,即可

执行命令来安装AF或者其他的你在Podfile中写入的框架命令:

pod install

稍等一两分钟即可安装成功,

输出如下:

macios:FirstApp mac$ pod install
Analyzing dependencies
Downloading dependencies
Installing AFNetworking (2.5.1)
Generating Pods project
Integrating client project

[!] Please close any current Xcode sessions and use `FirstApp.xcworkspace` for this project from now on.

那么我们就安装成功了,按照他的输出的提示,下次使用时打开 FirstApp.xcworkspace即可()

{请勿打开原来的FirstApp.xcodeproj文件,会报错}

4.使用框架,需要使用<>尖括号引入

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