学习 Mysql - 在linux上使用yum安装MySQL

1.检查已经安装的mysql信息

yum list installed mysql*
rpm -qa | grep mysql*

2.列出已安装和可安装的mysql信息

yum list mysql*

3.安装客户端

yum install mysql

4.安装服务器端

yum install mysql-server

yum install mysql-devel

5.数据库字符集设置

mysql配置文件/etc/my.cnf中加入default-character-set=utf8

可以使用如下命令查看mysql全局编码格式

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘character%‘;
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (2.05 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘collation%‘;
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.43 sec)

如果没有成功将编码转成utf-8,也可以使用如下命令进行转.
mysql> SET character_set_client = utf8 ;
mysql> SET character_set_connection = utf8 ;
mysql> SET character_set_database = utf8 ;
mysql> SET character_set_results = utf8 ;
mysql> SET character_set_server = utf8 ;

mysql> SET collation_connection = utf8_general_ci ;
mysql> SET collation_database = utf8_general_ci ;
mysql> SET collation_server = utf8_general_ci ;

6.启动

service mysqld start或者/etc/init.d/mysqld start

7.停止

service mysqld stop

8.开机启动

chkconfig --add mysqld

检查是否成功配置开机启动使用如下命令

chkconfig --list | grep mysql*

mysqld 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭

9.登录mysql

mysql -u root -p

初始默认root无密码

10.忘记密码

service mysqld stop

mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables

mysql -u root

mysql>use mysql

mysql>update user set password=password("new_pass") where user="root";

mysql>flush privileges;

11.远程访问

开放防火墙的端口号,默认端口是3306
mysql增加权限:mysql库中的user表新增一条记录host为"%",user为"root".

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON * . * TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘qyf404‘ WITH GRANT OPTION MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR 0 MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR 0 MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR 0 ;

12.Linux MySQL的几个重要目录

数据库目录 /var/lib/mysql/
配置文件 /usr/share /mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件）
相关命令 /usr/bin（mysqladmin mysqldump等命令）
启动脚本 /etc/rc.d/init.d/（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）