Oracle静默安装
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时间：2015年06月12日
ORACLE Installing Prerequisites
交换分区大小要求：
| Available RAM | Swap Space Required |
|---|---|
| Between 1 GB and 2 GB | 1.5 times the size of the RAM |
| Between 2 GB and 16 GB | Equal to the size of the RAM |
| More than 16 GB | 16 GB |
临时文件目录/tmp至少需要1G大小，建议为4G。
linux下可通过以下命令查看：
free & grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
官方网站上提到AMM功能需要更多的共享内存和文件描述符，而每个数据库实例所需的共享内存至少大于MEMORY_MAX_TARGET和MEMORY_TARGET,最大可用共享内存取决于系统设置，通过以下命令查看：
df -h /dev/shm
RHEL 5版本下所需要的包：
binutils
compat-libstdc++-33
elfutils-libelf
elfutils-libelf-devel
gcc
gcc-c++
glibc
glibc-common
glibc-devel
glibc-headers
ksh
libaio
libaio-devel
libgcc
libstdc++
libstdc++-devel
make
sysstat
unixODBC
unixODBC-devel
可以将以上内容写入pks.txt中，通过简单的shell script循环查看包是否已安装：
#!/bin/bash for paks in `cat pks.txt` do pakst=`rpm -qa $paks | head -1` if [ -z $pakst ] then echo "$paks hasn‘t install" yum -y install $paks fi done
tar zxvf rlwrap-0.37.tar.gz ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/rlwrap && make && make install cat >>/home/oracle/.bashrc<< EOF alias sqlplus=‘rlwrap sqlplus‘ alias lsnrctl=‘rlwrap lsnrctl ‘ alias rman=‘rlwrap rman‘ EOF 设置系统参数及环境配置 cat>>/etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.msgmax = 65536 kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 6815744 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 EOF cat>>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF oracle soft memlock 524280 oracle hard memlock 524280 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 65536 oracle hard nofile 65536 EOF cat>>/home/oracle/.bash_profile<<EOF export TMP=/tmp export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/11.2.0/dba export ORACLE_SID=orcle xport PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib:/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib EOF cat>>/etc/pam.d/login<<EOF session required pam_limits.so EOF
修改静默安装模板，通常在安装包中能找到db_install.rsp等rsp结尾的文件，实在找不目录用find命令查找
#################################################################### ## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2008. All rights reserved.## ## ## ## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ## ## your installation. ## ## ## ## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ## ## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ## ## values. ## ## ## ## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and ## ## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user ## ## or db administrator who owns this installation. ## ## ## #################################################################### #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Do not change the following system generated value. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the installation option. # It can be one of the following: # 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY # 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG # 3. UPGRADE_DB #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY ORACLE_HOSTNAME=dbastad UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the languages in which the components will be installed. # # en : English ja : Japanese # fr : French ko : Korean # ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish # bn : Bengali lv : Latvian # pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian # bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay # fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish # ca : Catalan no : Norwegian # hr : Croatian pl : Polish # cs : Czech pt : Portuguese # da : Danish ro : Romanian # nl : Dutch ru : Russian # ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese # en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak # et : Estonian sl : Slovenian # fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish # de : German sv : Swedish # el : Greek th : Thai # iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese # hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish # is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian # in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese # it : Italian # # Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dba ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the installation edition of the component. # # The value should contain only one of these choices. # EE : Enterprise Edition # SE : Standard Edition # SEONE : Standard Edition One # PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY) #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # This variable is considered only if ‘IsCustomInstall‘ is set to true. # # Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to install. # # The following choices are available. You may specify any # combination of these choices. The components you choose should # be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version" # Below is a list of components you may specify to install. # # oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Partitioning # oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Data Mining # oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Database Vault # oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Label Security # oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Real Application Testing # oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle OLAP #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0 ############################################################################### # # # PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS # # ------------------------------------------ # # Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges # # needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the # # group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. # # # ############################################################################### oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=oinstall oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the type of database to create. # It can be one of the following: # - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING # - DATA_WAREHOUSE #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=dbastad oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=dbastad #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the Starter Database character set. # # It can be one of the following: # AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2, # EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257, # BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6, # AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8, # IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE, # KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950, # ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=1024 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true ############################################################################### # # # Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the # # starter database: # # SYS # # SYSTEM # # SYSMAN (used by Enterprise Manager) # # DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) # # # # Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) # # or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) # # # ############################################################################### oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/u01/app/oracle/oradata oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true [oracle@dbastad ~]$ cd /tmp/database/ [oracle@dbastad database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking Temp space: must be greater than 80 MB. Actual 1391 MB Passed Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4094 MB Passed Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2014-05-25_02-09-32PM. Please wait ...[oracle@dbastad database]$ You can find the log of this install session at: /u01/oraInventory/logs/installActions2014-05-25_02-09-32PM.log The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user. #!/bin/sh #Root scripts to run /u01/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dba/root.sh To execute the configuration scripts: 1. Open a terminal window 2. Log in as "root" 3. Run the scripts 4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
Successfully Setup Software.
安装持续大约17~20分钟
监听静默安装
netca /silent /responsefile /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp
数据实例静默安装
[oracle@dbastad response]$ dbca -silent -responsefile /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp
Copying database files
DBCA_PROGRESS : 1%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 3%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 11%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 18%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 26%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 37%
Creating and starting Oracle instance
DBCA_PROGRESS : 40%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 45%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 50%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 55%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 56%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 60%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 62%
Completing Database Creation
DBCA_PROGRESS : 66%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 70%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 73%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 85%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 96%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 100%
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/u01/app/cfgtoollogs/dbca/dbastad.
如果碰到以下问题：
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
TNS-01106: Message 1106 not found; No message file for product=network, facility=TNS [LISTENER]
because of command su - -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart" can not read the oracle enviroment variable so give the errors output above mentions (http://www.cnblogs.com/interboy/archive/2008/07/24/1250077.html)
参考链接
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E24269_01/doc.11120/e23960/silent_install.htm
http://docs.oracle.com/html/B14399_01/app_nonint.htm#BABJFJID
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E23943_01/install.1111/b32474/silent_install.htm#CBHFFEJD
本文出自 “LinuxOracle” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://onlinekof2001.blog.51cto.com/3106724/1587587
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