CentOS 5.5下安装mysql5.1.57+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器

由于生产环境都是freebsd平台，之前也写了一篇FreeBSD下安装 mysql5.1.56+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器，有童鞋想要帮忙写一篇关于centos下的安 装教程，其实网上也有很多，但是好多都不是太完整，或多或少的出现些问题，所以就写了一篇 centos 5.5下安装mysql5.1.57+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器

在高并发连接的情况下，nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。根据我的测试结 果，nginx 1.0.1 + PHP 5.2.17 (FastCGI) 可以承受3万以上的并发连接数，相当于同等环境下Apache的10倍。
第一步：安装系统环境需要的软件

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5-libs krb5-devel krb5-server libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

第二步：编译安装PHP所需要的库

mkdir -p /data/soft
mkdir -p /data/src
cd /data/src
wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install
cd ..
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz/download
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make && make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make && make install
cd ../../
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2/download
tar jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
cd mhash-0.9.9.9
./configure
make && make install
echo "/usr/local/lib" >>/etc/ld.so.conf
/sbin/ldconfig
cd ..
wget http://vps.googlecode.com/files/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make && make install

第三步：编译安装mysql

cd /data/src
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.57.tar.gz/from/http://mirror.services.wisc.edu/mysql/
tar zxvf mysql-5.1.57.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.57
/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
./configure --prefix=/data/soft/mysql --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile
make && make install
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/soft/mysql
chmod u+w /data/soft/mysql
mkdir -p /data/database
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/database

以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/data/soft/mysql --datadir=/data/database --user=mysql

创建mysql配置文件

rm -rf /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf
vi /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf
如下：

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /data/soft/mysql
datadir = /data/database
open_files_limit = 600
back_log = 20
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 200
table_cache = 60
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 128K
join_buffer_size = 128K
thread_cache_size = 10
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 2M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
default_table_type = MyISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-UNCOMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 512K
max_heap_table_size = 32M
/data/soft/mysql/logs/slow.log
/data/soft/mysql/logs/error.log
long_query_time = 1
log_long_format
server-id = 1
#log-bin = /data/soft/mysql/binlog
binlog_cache_size = 2M
max_binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_size = 512M
expire_logs_days = 7
key_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 2M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
修改mysqld脚本

cp /data/soft/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
修改

basedir=/data/soft/mysql
datadir=/data/database
ln -s /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
启动mysql

service mysqld start
lsof -i:3306
netstat -ntupl |grep 3306
测试登录mysql

/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
mysql> createdatabase hello;
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
chkconfig --list |grep mysqld
service mysqld restart
第四步：编译安装PHP（FastCGI）

1、安装php-5.2.17

cd /data/src
wget http://cn.php.net/get/php-5.2.17.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz
tar zxvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1
cd php-5.2.17
sed -i "s/\!png_check_sig (sig, 8)/png_sig_cmp (sig, 0, 8)/" ext/gd/libgd/gd_png.c
cp ../fopen_wrappers.c main/ 此处参考FreeBSD下php修改源代码解决nginx虚拟主机防webshell跨目录
./configure --prefix=/data/soft/php --with-config-file-path=/data/soft/php/etc --with-mysql=/data/soft/mysql --with-mysqli=/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=‘-liconv‘
make install
cp php.ini-dist /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
cd ..

2、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.6.tgz
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.6.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.6/
/data/soft/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config
make && make install
cd ..
wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/
/data/soft/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --without-eaccelerator-use-inode
make && make install
cd ..
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2
/data/soft/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/data/soft/mysql
make && make install
cd ..
wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/73608965/ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz
tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.7.0-8
./configure
make && make install
cd ..
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz
tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz
cd imagick-3.0.1
/data/soft/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config
make && make install
cd ..

3、修改php.ini文件

sed -i "s/output_buffering = Off/output_buffering = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s/extension_dir =/; extension_dir =/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s/; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i ‘s%;open_basedir =%open_basedir ="/tmp/:/data/www/"%‘ /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s/disable_functions =/disable_functions = popen,pentl_exec,passthru,exec,system,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,show_source,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,curl_exec,curl_multi_exec,parse_ini_file,assert/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s/expose_php = On/expose_php = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s/display_errors = On/display_errors = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s/log_errors = Off/log_errors = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

在php.ini最后添加如下：

extension_dir = "/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
extension = "imagick.so"
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="1"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/data/soft/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
eaccelerator.keys = "disk_only"
eaccelerator.sessions = "disk_only"
eaccelerator.content = "disk_only"

4、创建eAccelerator缓存目录

mkdir -p /data/soft/eaccelerator_cache

5、创建php-fpm.conf文件

rm /data/soft/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /data/soft/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
如下：



All relative paths in this config are relative to php‘s install prefix

Pid file
/data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.pid

Error log file
/data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.log

Log level
notice

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
10

... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator‘s shared memory.
1m

Time limit on waiting child‘s reaction on signals from master
5s

Set to ‘no‘ to debug fpm
yes

 

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
default

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
Valid syntax is ‘ip.ad.re.ss:port‘ or just ‘port‘ or ‘/path/to/unix/socket‘
127.0.0.1:9000

 

Set listen(2) backlog
-1

Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
In linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.


0666

Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.

/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i
1

Unix user of processes
www

Unix group of processes
www

Process manager settings

Sets style of controling worker process count.
Valid values are ‘static‘ and ‘apache-like‘
static

Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
Used with any pm_style.
8

Settings group for ‘apache-like‘ pm style

Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
Used only when ‘apache-like‘ pm_style is selected
20

Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
Used only when ‘apache-like‘ pm_style is selected
5

Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
Used only when ‘apache-like‘ pm_style is selected
35

 

 

The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
Should be used when ‘max_execution_time‘ ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
‘0s‘ means ‘off‘
0s

The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
‘0s‘ means ‘off‘
0s

The log file for slow requests
logs/slow.log

Set open file desc rlimit
65535

Set max core size rlimit
0

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path

Redirect workers‘ stdout and stderr into main error log.
If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
yes

How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
For endless request processing please specify 0
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
1024

Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
127.0.0.1

Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH

/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
/tmp
/tmp
/tmp
$OSTYPE
$MACHTYPE
2

 

6、创建www用户及启动php-fpm并加入启动脚本

/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /data/www
chown -R www:www /data/www
chmod +w /data/www
ulimit -SHn 65535
/data/soft/php/sbin/php-fpm start
echo "ulimit -SHn 65535" >> /etc/rc.local
echo "/data/soft/php/sbin/php-fpm start" >> /etc/rc.local

第五步、编译安装Nginx-1.0.1

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.12.tar.gz
tar zxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.12
./configure
make && make install
cd ..

2、安装nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.0.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.1
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/data/soft/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module
make && make install
cd ..

3、创建nginx配置文件

rm -f /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
如下：

user www www;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /data/soft/nginx/logs/error.log crit;
pid /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 10240;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
include server/*.txt;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name default;
index index.php;
root /data/www/test;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
}
}

4、启动nginx并进行测试

/data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx
mkdir -p /data/www/test
echo "" > /data/www/test/index.php
echo "/data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx" >> /etc/rc.local






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