ARM+Linux 嵌入式开发环境搭建

这些都是自个从一月份开始学习ARM+Linux中遇到的问题做的笔记，我觉得很有用，所以分享出来！

因为没有老师教，自己琢磨遇到的问题很多，欢迎交流！

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零点漂移队：封尘浪
  
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0.平台搭建
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下载 VMware11
下载 Ubutun 14
安装

解决 gedit 中文乱码
终端输入:

gsettings set org.gnome.gedit.preferences.encodings auto-detected "[‘GB18030‘, ‘GB2312‘, ‘GBK‘, ‘UTF-8‘, ‘BIG5‘, ‘CURRENT‘, ‘UTF-16‘]"

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1.dnw工具安装
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sudo apt-get install libusb-dev

dnw.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <usb.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define TQ2440_SECBULK_IDVENDOR  0x5345
#define TQ2440_SECBULK_IDPRODUCT 0x1234

struct usb_dev_handle * open_port()
{
    struct usb_bus *busses, *bus;

    usb_init();
    usb_find_busses();
    usb_find_devices();

    busses = usb_get_busses();
    for(bus=busses;bus;bus=bus->next)
    {
         struct usb_device *dev;
        for(dev=bus->devices;dev;dev=dev->next)
        {
            if( TQ2440_SECBULK_IDVENDOR==dev->descriptor.idVendor
            && TQ2440_SECBULK_IDPRODUCT==dev->descriptor.idProduct)
            {
                printf("Target usb device found!\n");
                struct usb_dev_handle *hdev = usb_open(dev);
                if(!hdev)
                {
                    perror("Cannot open device");
                }
                else
                {
                    if(0!=usb_claim_interface(hdev, 0))
                    {
                        perror("Cannot claim interface");
                        usb_close(hdev);
                        hdev = NULL;
                    }
                }
                return hdev;
            }
        }
    }
  
    printf("Target usb device not found!\n");

    return NULL;
}

void usage()
{
    printf("Usage: dnw <file>\n\n");
}

unsigned char* prepare_write_buf(char *filename, unsigned int *len)
{
    unsigned char *write_buf = NULL;
    struct stat fs;

    int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
    if(-1==fd)
    {
        perror("Cannot open file");
        return NULL;
    }
    if(-1==fstat(fd, &fs))
    {
        perror("Cannot get file size");
        goto error;
    }
    write_buf = (unsigned char*)malloc(fs.st_size+10);
    if(NULL==write_buf)
    {
        perror("malloc failed");
        goto error;
    }

    if(fs.st_size != read(fd, write_buf+8, fs.st_size))
    {
        perror("Reading file failed");
        goto error;
    }

    printf("Filename : %s\n", filename);
    printf("Filesize : %d bytes\n", fs.st_size);

    *((u_int32_t*)write_buf) = 0x30008000;   //download address

    *((u_int32_t*)write_buf+1) = fs.st_size + 10; //download size;

    *len = fs.st_size + 10;
    return write_buf;

error:
    if(fd!=-1) close(fd);
    if(NULL!=write_buf) free(write_buf);
    fs.st_size = 0;
    return NULL;
  
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    if(2!=argc)
    {
        usage();
        return 1;
    }

    struct usb_dev_handle *hdev = open_port();
    if(!hdev)
    {
        return 1;
    }

    unsigned int len = 0;
    unsigned char* write_buf = prepare_write_buf(argv[1], &len);
    if(NULL==write_buf) return 1;

    unsigned int remain = len;
    unsigned int towrite;
    printf("Writing data ...\n");
    while(remain)
    {
        towrite = remain>512 ? 512 : remain;
        if(towrite != usb_bulk_write(hdev, 0x03, write_buf+(len-remain), towrite, 3000))
        {
            perror("usb_bulk_write failed");
            break;
        }
        remain-=towrite;
        printf("\r%d%\t %d bytes ", (len-remain)*100/len, len-remain);
        fflush(stdout);
    }
    if(0==remain) printf("Done!\n");
    return 0;
}

5编译: gcc -o dnw dnw.c -lusb

6.将文件copy到/usr/local/bin目录
# sudo cp dnw /usr/local/bin

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2. ARM-linux-gcc 安装
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sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi

arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc -v

记住：同时将 Makefile中修改为:
arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc -g -c -o led_on.o led_on.S
arm-linux-gnueabi-ld -Ttext 0x0000000 -g led_on.o -o led_on_elf
arm-linux-gnueabi-objcopy -O binary -S led_on_elf led_on.bin

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3. linux 串口助手 安装
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sudo apt-get minicom

CTRL+A+Z
设置串口无流控: ttyUSB0

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4. minicom 发送文件
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Ctrl+A  S 选择要发送的文件

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5. make menuconfig *** [scripts/kconfig/dochecklxdialog] 编译内核
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sudo apt-get install ncurses-dev

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6. undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail‘
   undefined reference to `__stack_chk_guard‘
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CFLAGS后面加上了-fno-stack-protector

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7. GUI开发
 下载 qt-creator-opensource-linux-x86_64-3.4.0
 下载 qtcreator

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8.U-boot 移植   Linux Kernel 移植

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在对应目录写驱动程序 xx_dev.c (gpio_dev.c)
然后写应用程序      xx.c (gpio.c)

同一目录下:

Kconfig
在内核源代码中添加对内核的支持

config TQ2440_GPIO_TEST
 tristate "EmbedSky SKY2440/TQ2440 Board GPIO Test(control LED)"
 depends on ARCH_S3C2440
 default y if ARCH_S3C2440
 help
   GPIO control for EmbedSky SKY2440/TQ2440 Board.

Makefile: 内核目录修改为开发板的目录

配置编译该驱动
obj-$(CONFIG_TQ2440_GPIO_TEST)  += dev_gpio.o

配置内核：make menuconfig

将其选择为 M 模块
编译内核 make zImage 
编译模块 make SUBDIR = drivers/char/ modules
在对应目录找到 xx.ko 将其复制到开发板
insmod xx.ko
rmmod  xx.ko
dmesg 

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