搭建LNMP发布ecshop系统及压测启用opcache缓存与否的情况

安装环境：CENTOS6.5，nginx1.6.2，php-5.5.18，mysql5.5.38

在安装软件之前安装epel源，就可以直接用yum安装libmcrypt,mhash,mcrypt等php扩展。

安装nginx

解决依赖关系，安装开发包组"Development Tools"和 "Server Platform Development"。

#tar –xf nginx-1.6.2

./configure \

--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \

--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \

--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \

--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \

--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \

--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \

--user=nginx \

--group=nginx \

--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \

--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \

--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \

--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \

--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \

--with-pcre

#make && make install

添加nginx启动脚本，设置开机启动，请见上一篇博客

安装php-5.5.18

安装mcrypt libmcrypt mhash 等php扩展

# yum –y install mcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash-devel

安装php图型扩展支持

# yum install -y libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel openssl-devel libcurl-devel libmcrypt-devel gd-devel

#tar –xf php-5.5.18.tar.bz2       

#cd php-5.5.18

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php55 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php55/etc --with-mysql=mysqlnd  --with-zlib --enable-xml --disable-rpath  --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --with-curl  --enable-fpm  --enable-opcache  --with-mcrypt --with-gd --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-sockets  --with-xmlrpc -enable-zip --enable-soap --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --with-curl --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir

# make && make install

# cp php.ini-production  /usr/local/php55/etc/php.ini   #为php提供配置文件

#ln –s /usr/local/php55/etc/php.ini  /etc/php.ini             #为php.ini在/etc目录下创建软链接

# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm     

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

# chkconfig --add php-fpm

# chkconfig php-fpm on       #配置php-fpm,为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表

# cp /usr/local/php55/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php55/etc/php-fpm.conf    #为php-fpm提供配置文件

编辑php-fpm的配置文件：
# vim /usr/local/php55/etc/php-fpm.conf

配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值，并启用pid文件（如下最后一行）：
pm.max_children = 50                                                #设定php子进程最大数为50
pm.start_servers = 5                                                  #启动php时子进程数为52上
pm.min_spare_servers = 2                                        #空闲php子进程最少为2个
pm.max_spare_servers = 8                                       #空闲php子进程最大为8个
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid            #pid文件路径

上面这些参数是可以根据系统性能和负载情况去调整的，在生产环境中这些参数可能会比这些数字要大很多，也可以设定php的子进程个数为静态的值。如果要设置静态的值，需要更改 pm = static ,php-fpm默认为动态的 pm = dynamic

# service php-fpm start                   启动php-fpm

nginx配置文件设置及整合nginx和php5.5

nginx的配置文件核心模块为main和events,此外还包括标准http模块，可选http模块和邮件模块，还可支持诸多第三方模块。main用于配置错误日志、进程、及权限等相关的参数，events用于配置I/O模型，如epoll,kqueue,select或poll等。nginx的主配置文件由几个段组成，main，http, server,upstrean和location，被称为nginx的上下文，支持嵌套。

nginx的配置文件

#user  nobody;     #定义nginx工作进程的用户，在编译安装时已经指定用户nginx，注释掉
worker_processes  1;  #指定工作进程个数
#worker_cup_affinity cpumask ;    #用cpu掩码位明确绑定nginx运行在某个cpu上，这里这台虚拟机只有一个cpu，所以注释掉
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;      #nginx进程打开文件数目，可设定大一点
#error_log  logs/error.log;  #定义错误日志，在编译时已指定位置，注释
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;#pid文件，编译时已指定位置


events {

    use epoll;     #定义I/O模型
    worker_connections  51200;  #设定每个工作进程所处理的最大连接数.与main中的worker_processes决定了整个nginx能处理的最大连接数
}

http{
   include       mime.types;              #设定mime类型,类型由mime.type文件定义
   default_type  application/octet-stream;
   sendfile        on;  #sendfile 指令指定 nginx 是否调用 sendfile 函数（zero copy 方式）来输出文件，对于普通应用，必须设为 on,如果用来进行下载等应用磁盘IO重负载应用，可设置为 off，以平衡磁盘与网络I/O处理速度，降低系统的uptime.  
   keepalive_timeout  65;   #连接超时时间
   gzip  on;                #开启gzip压缩
   server {                 #server表示的是一个虚拟主机
        listen       80;    #监听端口
        server_name  10.204.80.75;  #虚拟主机名称，可以是ip或域名
        location / {          #通常用于server上下文中，用于设定某URI的访问属性。location可以嵌套。
            root   html;      #定义服务器网站根目录位置
            index  index.php index.html index.htm; #定义首页索引文件的名称,index.php是后加的
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;    #定义错误提示页面
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {        #定义.php结尾的文件解析
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;    #定义解析php程序使用的FastCGI接口
            fastcgi_index  index.php;      #定义php程序首页索引文件名称
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
  
  }
}

如上所示,php和nginx组合到一块了。

MySQL配置

MySQL我启用前面博客中搭建的drbd高可用mysql服务器，过程请见http://piao719.blog.51cto.com/287547/1562390

IP地址为：10.204.80.89

搭建ecshop

上传到/usr/local/nginx/html/ecshop 目录

Strict Standards: Non-static method cls_image::gd_version() should not be called statically in ＼install＼includes＼lib_installer.php on line 31

解决：找到install/includes/lib_installer.php中的第31行   return cls_image::gd_version();然后在找到include/cls_image.php中的678行，发现gd_version()方法未声明静态static，所以会出错。这时候只要：

将function gd_version()改成static function gd_version()即可。

检测环境的时候提示：是否支持 JPEG是不支持的。

解决：查看发现有libjpeg.lib库，GD2库也有，都加载了，也都正常。查看ecshop源代码发现install/includes/lib_installer.php中第100行,JPEG写成了JPG，正确的应该是：

$jpeg_enabled = ($gd_info[‘JPEG Support‘]        === true) ? $_LANG[‘support‘] : $_LANG[‘not_support‘];

给cert、data、images、includes、temp、themes目录加777权限

# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/ecshop

# chmod -R 777 themes/ temp/ includes/ data/ cert/ images/

检查环境完成

配置系统

首先在10.204.80.89这台mysql服务器上创建ecshop数据库，然后添加一个帐号来管理这个数据库

mysql>create database ecshop;

mysql>grant all on ecshop.* to ‘ecsuser‘@‘10.204.%.%‘ identified by "ecspass";

mysql>flush privileges;

然后照提示把所有信息填完整

安装数据库失败，提示date.timezone时区设置有问题，

修改/etc/php.ini里面的date.timezone = “Asia/Shanghai”时区，或都在php代码里面添加<?php date_default_timezone_set("PRC"); ?>这一句即可。安装完成

压力测试，这里只是用http自带的ab工具简单测试一下启用opcache缓存与不启用缓存的效果。

首先不启用php自带的opcache缓存器的测试结果如下

# ab -n 1000 -c 10 http://10.204.80.75/ecshop/index.php
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 10.204.80.75 (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Completed 400 requests
Completed 500 requests
Completed 600 requests
Completed 700 requests
Completed 800 requests
Completed 900 requests
Finished 1000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.6.2
Server Hostname:        10.204.80.75
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /ecshop/index.php
Document Length:        35726 bytes

Concurrency Level:      10
Time taken for tests:   53.620991 seconds
Complete requests:      1000
Failed requests:        0
Write errors:           0
Total transferred:      36078000 bytes
HTML transferred:       35726000 bytes
Requests per second:    18.65 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       536.210 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       53.621 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          657.06 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0   21 250.2      1    3000
Processing:   135  513 103.2    544     887
Waiting:      129  499 101.0    531     868
Total:        136  535 271.5    545    3754

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    545
  66%    561
  75%    571
  80%    577
  90%    597
  95%    618
  98%    645
  99%    739
 100%   3754 (longest request)

启用opcache,在/etc/php.ini文件中的[opcache]中添加

zend_extension=/usr/local/php55/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/opcache.so

并把下面的这些参数打开

opcache.enable=1

opcache.enable_cli=1

opcache.memory_consumption=256

opcache.interned_strings_buffer=16

opcache.max_accelerated_files=5000

opcache.revalidate_freq=60

opcache.load_comments=1

上面这些参数在生产环境中可以根据实际的需要做出修改

重启php-fpm，再测试一下

ab -n 1000 -c 10 http://10.204.80.75/ecshop/index.php
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 10.204.80.75 (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Completed 400 requests
Completed 500 requests
Completed 600 requests
Completed 700 requests
Completed 800 requests
Completed 900 requests
Completed 1000 requests
Finished 1000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.6.2
Server Hostname:        10.204.80.75
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /ecshop/index.php
Document Length:        35733 bytes

Concurrency Level:      10
Time taken for tests:   16.035 seconds
Complete requests:      1000
Failed requests:        0
Write errors:           0
Total transferred:      36085000 bytes
HTML transferred:       35733000 bytes
Requests per second:    62.36 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       160.347 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       16.035 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          2197.69 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    2   1.7      1      10
Processing:    66  158  73.7    155     885
Waiting:       53  148  72.9    145     873
Total:         66  160  73.7    157     886

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    157
  66%    168
  75%    173
  80%    176
  90%    186
  95%    195
  98%    208
  99%    739
 100%    886 (longest reque

可以看出来启用opcache缓存的效果比不启用的结果想比，响应时间少了70%，所以php开启opcode是非常有必要的 。