Mac上Homebrew的使用 (Homebrew 使 OS X 更完整)

0 Homebrew是啥？

“Homebrew installs the stuff you need that Apple didn’t.——Homebrew 使 OS X 更完整”。

Homebrew的官网[1]（多语言版本）简单明了地介绍了如何安装和使用这个工具，并提供了自己的Wiki。

1 安装Homebrew 

brew的安装很简单，使用一条ruby命令即可，Mac系统上已经默认安装了ruby。

gerryyang@mba:bin$ruby --version
ruby 2.0.0p247 (2013-06-27 revision 41674) [universal.x86_64-darwin13]

关于安装brew的详细说明可以参考其github上的wiki说明[2]：

"
Installation

The suggested and easiest way to install Homebrew is on the homepage. We don’t duplicate it here because it is asecurity risk to list it on a user-editable wiki.

The standard script installs Homebrew to /usr/local so that you don’t need sudo when youbrew install. It is acareful script, it can be run even if you have stuff installed to/usr/local already. It tells you exactly what it will do before itdoes it too. And you have to confirm everything it will do before itstarts.

There are other ways to install Homebrew which provide you with moreflexibility. They are listed below the requirements.

"

由于我的系统上已经安装过brew，因此再次执行安装命令会提示我brew已经存在。

2 Homebrew的用法 

查看brew的具体用法：

3 Homebrew的有趣问题

下面关于Homebrew的一些常见问题[3]：

(1) 在OS X中找不到想要的软件，可以使用brew安装；

由于之前使用源码方式安装过wget，因此再用brew安装时会提示冲突的错误，因为/usr/locat/bin/wget已经存在。实际上，Homebrew 将软件包分装到单独的目录（/usr/local/Cellar），然后 symlink 到 /usr/local 中。 

(2) 如何更新本地已安装的package呢？

第一步：先更新brew：

brew update

第二步：更新所有package：
brew upgarde

(3) 如何删除Homebrew？

If you installed to /usr/local then you can use the script in thisgist to uninstall — it will onlyremove Homebrew and the stuff Homebrew installed leaving anything elsein/usr/local alone.

Provided you haven’t put anything else in Homebrew’s prefix(brew --prefix), you can generally justrm -rf that directory. Thisis because Homebrew won’t touch files outside its prefix.

(4) Homebrew下载的package存放的路径在哪里？

(5) 我可以安装自己的stuff在/usr/local吗？

Yes, brew is designed to not get in your way so you can use it how youlike.

Install your own stuff, but be aware that if you install commonlibraries, like libexpat yourself, it may cause trouble when trying tobuild certain Homebrew formula. As a resultbrew doctor will warn youabout this.

Thus it’s probably better to install your own stuff to the Cellar andthen brew link it. Like so:

$ cd foo-0.1
$ brew diy
./configure —prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/foo/0.1
$ ./configure —prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/foo/0.1
[snip]
$ make && make install
$ brew link foo
Linking /usr/local/Cellar/foo/0.1… 17 symlinks created

在我的环境上检测是这样的：

(6) 为什么选择Homebrew这个名字？
mxcl was too concerned with the beer theme and didn’t consider that the project may actually prove popular. By the time he realized it was too late. However, today, the first google hit for “homebrew” is not beer related ;-)

看来作者是个酒鬼！

(7) 关于更多地QA可以参考Homebrew的Wiki[4]

(8) 一些常用安装推荐

Introduction to Coreutils 

The GNU Core Utilities are the basic file, shell and text manipulationutilities of the GNU operating system.
These are the core utilitieswhich are expected to exist on every operating system.

http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/

4 参考

[1] http://brew.sh/index_zh-cn.html

[2] https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/wiki/Installation

[3] https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/wiki/FAQ

[4] https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/wiki