Linux -- chown

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CHOWN(1)                                                           User Commands                                                           CHOWN(1)

NAME
       chown - change file owner and group

SYNOPSIS
       chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...
       chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...

DESCRIPTION
       This manual page documents the GNU version of chown. chown changes the user and/or group ownership of each given file. If only an owner (a
       user name or numeric user ID) is given, that user is made the owner of each given file, and the files‘ group is not changed. If the owner
       is followed by a colon and a group name (or numeric group ID), with no spaces between them, the group ownership of the files is changed as
       well. If a colon but no group name follows the user name, that user is made the owner of the files and the group of the files is changed to
       that user‘s login group. If the colon and group are given, but the owner is omitted, only the group of the files is changed; in this case,
       chown performs the same function as chgrp. If only a colon is given, or if the entire operand is empty, neither the owner nor the group is
       changed.

OPTIONS
       Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP. With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of
       RFILE.

1 #chown -R user:group DIR
2 改变DIR的拥有者为user,所属用户组为group
3 
4 #chown  :group FILE
5 改变FILE所属用户组为group

--reference=RFILE
use RFILE‘s owner and group rather than specifying OWNER:GROUP values

1 #chown --reference=FILE1  FILE2
2 将FILE2的用户和用户组改为和FILE1一样

-R, --recursive
operate on files and directories recursively

-c, --changes
like verbose but report only when a change is made

　　　　　　#只在有改变发生时报告

-v, --verbose
output a diagnostic for every file processed

-f, --silent, --quiet
suppress most error messages

　　　　　　#不报告错误

       --dereference　　　　　　#不改变链接本身，改变链接的内容
              affect the referent of each symbolic link (this is the default), rather than the symbolic link itself

       -h, --no-dereference　　#改变链接本身，但不改变链接的内容
              affect symbolic links instead of any referenced file (useful only on systems that can change the ownership of a symlink)

       --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP
              change the owner and/or group of each file only if its current owner and/or group match those specified here. Either may be omitted,
              in which case a match is not required for the omitted attribute

       --no-preserve-root
              do not treat ‘/‘ specially (the default)

       --preserve-root
              fail to operate recursively on ‘/‘

       The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the
       final one takes effect.

       -H     if a command line argument is a symbolic link to a directory, traverse it

       -L     traverse every symbolic link to a directory encountered

       -P     do not traverse any symbolic links (default)

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

       Owner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed to login group if implied by a ‘:‘ following a symbolic OWNER.
       OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic.

EXAMPLES
       chown root /u
              Change the owner of /u to "root".

       chown root:staff /u
              Likewise, but also change its group to "staff".

       chown -hR root /u
              Change the owner of /u and subfiles to "root".

AUTHOR
       Written by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS
       Report chown bugs to [email protected]
       GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
       Report chown translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       chown(2)

       The full documentation for chown is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and chown programs are properly installed at your site, the
       command

              info coreutils ‘chown invocation‘

       should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.21                                                   March 2014                                                            CHOWN(1)