高级功能:很有用的javascript自定义事件

之前写了篇文章《原生javascript实现类似jquery on方法的行为监听》比较浅显,能够简单的使用场景。

这里的自定义事件指的是区别javascript默认的与DOM交互的事件,比如click,mouseover,change等,有时候我们需要监听某一行为是否发生,很显然默认的行为不够用,比如一个场景。我们写好了tab切换,点击后请求加载隐藏标签的内容。

tab切换是非常常用的一个功能,通常会写成组件,如果每次把请求写在组件里肯定对组件拓展和耦合性有影响。这时候我们可以在组件里自定义一个事件广播,在其他地方监听这个广播再执行请求就可以避免了。

以上只是使用场景,下面是具体实现:

1、简易代码,基础功能:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>自定义事件</title>
</head>
<body>
    <button id="demo">点我吧</button>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function Observer(){
            this._events={};
        }
        Observer.prototype={
            on:function(eName,fn,scope){
                eName=eName.toLowerCase();
                this._events[eName]=[];
                this._events[eName].push({fn:fn||null,scope:scope||null});
            },
            fireEvent:function(){
                var args=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);//将参数转为数组
                var eName=args.shift().toLowerCase();
                var list=this._events[eName];
                for(var i=0;i<list.length;i++){
                    var dict=list[i];
                    var fn=dict.fn;
                    var scope=dict.scope;
                    fn.apply(scope||null,args);//注册事件执行
                }
            }
        }
        var listener=new Observer();
        listener.on("alert",function(name ,age){
            console.log(name+":"+age);
        });
        listener.on("aha",function(name ,age){
            console.log("这是另外一个事件"+name+":"+age);
        });
        var $btn=document.getElementById("demo")
        $btn.onclick=function(){
            listener.fireEvent(aha, 彼岸花再开, 28);
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

有点类似jquery里面的on方法,$(ele).on(type,fn)。上面的on是注册一个事件,这个事件是一个对象,存储当前的事件名称和函数。fireEvent可以理解为释放,发射,监听事件。

完整的实现:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>自定义事件</title>
</head>
<body>
    <button id="demo">点我吧</button>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function Observer() {
            this._events = {};
        }
        Observer.prototype = {
            constructor: this,
            addEvent: function(eName, fn) {
                if (typeof(eName) === "string" && typeof(fn) === "function") {
                    eName = eName.toLowerCase();
                    if (typeof(this._events[eName]) === "undefined") {
                        this._events[eName] = [fn];
                    } else {
                        this._events[eName].push(fn);
                    }
                }
                return this;
            },
            addEvents: function(obj) { //绑定多事件
                obj = typeof(obj) === "object" ? obj : {};
                for (var eName in obj) {
                    if (eName && typeof(obj[eName] === "function")) {
                        this.addEvent(eName, obj[eName]);
                    }
                }
                return this;
            },
            fireEvent: function(eName) { //触发事件
                if (eName && this._events[eName]) {
                    var events = {
                        eName: eName,
                        target: this
                    };

                    for (var length = this._events[eName].length, start = 0; start < length; start++) {
                        this._events[eName][start].call(this, events);
                    }
                }
                return this;
            },
            fireEvents: function(array) {
                if (array instanceof Array) {
                    for (var i = 0, len = array.length; i < len; i++) {
                        this.fireEvent(array[i]);
                    }
                }
                return this;
            },
            removeEvent: function(eName, key) { //删除绑定的事件
                var eventsList = this._events[eName];
                if (eventsList instanceof Array) {
                    if (typeof(key) === "function") {
                        for (var i = 0, len = eventsList.length; i < len; i++) {
                            if (eventsList[i] === key) {//移除其中某个事件
                                eventsList.splice(i, 1);
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    } else if (key instanceof Array) {//移除某个事件下面多个函数
                        for (var lis = 0, lenkey = key.length; lis < lenkey; lis += 1) {
                            this.removeEvent(type, key[lenkey]);
                        }
                    } else {//直接移除事件下所有函数
                        delete this._events[eName];
                    }
                }
                return this;
            },
            removeEvents: function(params) {
                if (params instanceof Array) {
                    for (var i = 0, length = params.length; i < length; i += 1) {
                        this.removeEvent(params[i]);
                    }
                } else if (typeof params === "object") {
                    for (var type in params) {
                        this.removeEvent(type, params[type]);
                    }
                }
                return this;
            }
        }
        var listeners = new Observer();
        listeners.addEvents({
            "once": function() {
                alert("该事件只会出现一次!");
                this.removeEvent("once");
            },
            "infinity": function() {
                alert("每次点击页面,该事件都会!");
            }
        });
        document.onclick = function(e) {
            e = e || window.event;
            var target = e.target || e.srcElement;
            if (!target || !/button/i.test(target.tagName)) {
                listeners.fireEvents(["once", "infinity"]);
            }
        };
    </script>
</body>
</html>

 换apply实现,细心的你是否发现其中的差别呢:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>自定义事件</title>
</head>
<body>
    <button id="demo">点我吧</button>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function Observer() {
            this._events = {};//存储事件对象
        }
        Observer.prototype = {
            constructor: this,
            addEvent: function(eName, fn) {//绑定事件
                if (typeof(eName) === "string" && typeof(fn) === "function") {
                    eName = eName.toLowerCase();
                    if (typeof(this._events[eName]) === "undefined") {
                        this._events[eName] = [{//将事件函数绑定到事件名称
                            fn: fn
                        }];
                    } else {
                        this._events[eName].push({
                            fn: fn
                        });
                    }
                }
                return this;
            },
            addEvents: function(obj) { //绑定多事件
                obj = typeof(obj) === "object" ? obj : {};
                for (var eName in obj) {
                    if (eName && typeof(obj[eName] === "function")) {
                        this.addEvent(eName, obj[eName]);
                    }
                }
                return this;
            },
            fireEvent: function(eName) {//广播事件,射吧!
                var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);//将参数转为数组
                var eName = args.shift().toLowerCase();//第一个参数是事件名,这里需要除时间名之外的参数
                var list = this._events[eName];
                if(list instanceof Array){
                    for (var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
                    var dict = list[i];
                    var fn = dict.fn;
                    fn.apply(null, args);
                    }
                }
                return this;
            },
            fireEvents: function(array) {
                if (array instanceof Array) {
                    for (var i = 0, len = array.length; i < len; i++) {
                        this.fireEvent(array[i]);
                    }
                }
                return this;
            },
            removeEvent: function(eName, key) {
                var eventsList = this._events[eName];
                if (eventsList instanceof Array) {
                    if (typeof(key) === "function") {
                        for (var i = 0, len = eventsList.length; i < len; i++) {
                            if (eventsList[i] === key) {
                                eventsList.splice(i, 1);
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    } else if (key instanceof Array) {
                        for (var lis = 0, lenkey = key.length; lis < lenkey; lis += 1) {
                            this.removeEvent(type, key[lenkey]);
                        }
                    }else{
                         delete this._events[eName];
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        var listeners = new Observer();
        listeners.addEvents({
            "once": function() {
                alert("该事件只会出现一次!");
                listeners.removeEvent("once");
            },
            "infinity": function() {
                alert("每次点击页面,该事件都会出现!");
            }
        });

        document.onclick = function(e) {
            e = e || window.event;
            var target = e.target || e.srcElement;
            if (!target || !/input|pre/i.test(target.tagName)) {
                listeners.fireEvents(["once", "infinity"]);
            }
        };
    </script>
</body>
</html>

 

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