学堂在线TsinghuaX: 00740043_2X C++语言程序设计进阶 第八章Lab
第一题:复数加减乘除
题目描述
求两个复数的加减乘除。
要求使用c++ class编写程序。可以创建如下class
#include <cstdio> #include <cstring> #include <iostream> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; class Complex{ public: Complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0): real(r), imag(i) {}; Complex operator+ (const Complex &c2) const; Complex operator- (const Complex &c2) const; /*实现下面三个函数*/ Complex operator* (const Complex &c2) const; Complex operator/ (const Complex &c2) const; friend ostream & operator<< (ostream &out, const Complex &c); private: double real; double imag; }; Complex Complex::operator+ (const Complex &c2) const { return Complex(real + c2.real, imag + c2.imag); } Complex Complex::operator- (const Complex &c2) const { return Complex(real - c2.real, imag - c2.imag); } int main() { double real, imag; cin >> real >> imag; Complex c1(real, imag); cin >> real >> imag; Complex c2(real, imag); cout << c1 + c2; cout << c1 - c2; cout << c1 * c2; cout << c1 / c2; }
输入描述
第一行两个double类型数,表示第一个复数的实部虚部
第二行两个double类型数,表示第二个复数的实部虚部
输出描述
输出依次计算两个复数的加减乘除,一行一个结果
输出复数先输出实部,空格,然后是虚部,
样例输入
1 1 3 -1
样例输出
4 0 -2 2 4 2 0.2 0.4
#include <cstdio> #include <cstring> #include <iostream> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; class Complex{ public: Complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0): real(r), imag(i) {}; Complex operator+ (const Complex &c2) const; Complex operator- (const Complex &c2) const; Complex operator* (const Complex &c2) const; Complex operator/ (const Complex &c2) const; friend ostream & operator<< (ostream &out, const Complex &c); private: double real; double imag; }; Complex Complex::operator+ (const Complex &c2) const { return Complex(real + c2.real, imag + c2.imag); } Complex Complex::operator- (const Complex &c2) const { return Complex(real - c2.real, imag - c2.imag); } Complex Complex::operator* (const Complex &c2) const{ return Complex(real * c2.real - imag * c2.imag, imag * c2.real + real * c2.imag); } Complex Complex::operator/ (const Complex &c2) const{ return Complex((real * c2.real + imag * c2.imag) / (c2.real * c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag), (imag * c2.real - real * c2.imag) / (c2.real * c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag)); } ostream & operator<< (ostream &out, const Complex &c){ out << c.real << " "<< c.imag << endl; return out; } int main() { double real, imag; cin >> real >> imag; Complex c1(real, imag); cin >> real >> imag; Complex c2(real, imag); cout << c1 + c2; cout << c1 - c2; cout << c1 * c2; cout << c1 / c2; }
第二题:圆的周长和面积
题目描述
求圆的周长和面积,已知圆类从shape抽象类继承。
要求使用c++ class编写程序。可以创建如下class
#include <iostream> using namespace std; const double pi = 3.14; class Shape{ public: Shape(){} ~Shape(){} virtual double getArea() = 0; virtual double getPerim() = 0; }; class Circle: public Shape{ public: Circle(double rad):radius(rad){} ~Circle(){} /*补充这两个函数*/ double getArea(); double getPerim(); private: double radius; }; int main() { double radius; cin >> radius; Circle c(radius); cout << c.getArea() << " " << c.getPerim() << endl; }
输入描述
输入圆的半径
输出描述
输出圆的周长和面积
样例输入
10
样例输出
314 62.8
#include <iostream> using namespace std; const double pi = 3.14; class Shape{ public: Shape(){} ~Shape(){} virtual double getArea() = 0; virtual double getPerim() = 0; }; class Circle: public Shape{ public: Circle(double rad):radius(rad){} ~Circle(){} double getArea() { return pi * radius * radius; } double getPerim() { return 2 * pi * radius; } private: double radius; }; int main() { double radius; cin >> radius; Circle c(radius); cout << c.getArea() << " " << c.getPerim() << endl; }
第三题:三角形还是长方形?
题目描述
在多态概念中,基类的指针既可以指向基类的对象,又可以指向派生类的对象。我们可以使用dynamic_cast类型转换操作符来判断当前指针(必须是多态类型)是否能够转换成为某个目的类型的指针。
同学们先查找dynamic_cast的使用说明(如http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run-time_type_information#dynamic_cast),然后使用该类型转换操作符完成下面程序(该题无输入)。
函数int getVertexCount(Shape * b)计算b的顶点数目,若b指向Shape类型,返回值为0;若b指向Triangle类型,返回值为3;若b指向Rectangle类型,返回值为4。
#include <cstdio> #include <cstring> #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Shape{ public: Shape() {} virtual ~Shape() {} }; class Triangle: public Shape{ public: Triangle() {} ~Triangle() {} }; class Rectangle: public Shape { public: Rectangle() {} ~Rectangle() {} }; /*用dynamic_cast类型转换操作符完成该函数*/ int getVertexCount(Shape * b){ } int main() { Shape s; cout << getVertexCount(&s) << endl; Triangle t; cout << getVertexCount(&t) << endl; Rectangle r; cout << getVertexCount(&r) << endl; }
答案:
#include <cstdio> #include <cstring> #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Shape{ public: Shape() {} virtual ~Shape() {} }; class Triangle: public Shape{ public: Triangle() {} ~Triangle() {} }; class Rectangle: public Shape { public: Rectangle() {} ~Rectangle() {} }; /*用dynamic_cast类型转换操作符完成该函数*/ int getVertexCount(Shape * b){ if(dynamic_cast<Triangle *>(b)) return 3; else if(dynamic_cast<Rectangle *>(b)) return 4; else return 0; } int main() { Shape s; cout << getVertexCount(&s) << endl; Triangle t; cout << getVertexCount(&t) << endl; Rectangle r; cout << getVertexCount(&r) << endl; }
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