netty--NioEventLoop滴干活

浏览数：196 / 时间：2015年06月09日

netty是最近项目要用到的nio框架，找了各种资料，发现称赞它的有点多，所以决定用它：其实也就二选一嘛，mina或netty或自己写。对于mina，也不熟，不过看各种介绍，貌似netty干活还是很不错的，尤其是最新的4.x和5.x重构后，且使用结构清晰就先了解了解了。

首先要把应用跑起来啦（官网的例子比较多），我这是一个关于mqtt的一个例子：

 1 m_bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
 2         m_workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
 3         
 4         final NettyMQTTHandler handler = new NettyMQTTHandler();
 5         handler.setMessaging(messaging);
 6 
 7         ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
 8             b.group(m_bossGroup, m_workerGroup)
 9              .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) 
10              .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { 
11                  @Override
12                  public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
13                     ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
14                     //pipeline.addFirst("metrics", new BytesMetricsHandler(m_metricsCollector));
15                     pipeline.addFirst("idleStateHandler", new IdleStateHandler(0, 0, Constants.DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT));
16                     pipeline.addAfter("idleStateHandler", "idleEventHandler", new MoquetteIdleTimoutHandler());
17                     //pipeline.addLast("logger", new LoggingHandler("Netty", LogLevel.ERROR));
18                     pipeline.addLast("decoder", new MQTTDecoder());
19                     pipeline.addLast("encoder", new MQTTEncoder());
20                     pipeline.addLast("metrics", new MessageMetricsHandler(m_metricsCollector));
21                     pipeline.addLast("handler", handler);
22                  }
23              })
24              .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
25              .option(ChannelOption.SO_REUSEADDR, true)
26              .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true); 
27         try {    
28             // Bind and start to accept incoming connections.
29             ChannelFuture f = b.bind(Constants.PORT);
30             LOG.info("Server binded");
31             f.sync();
32         } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
33             LOG.error(null, ex);
34         }

再回想下，我们自己写serversocket的时候是怎么写的呢（这是一个笨拙的实例代码）：

    ServerSocket socket;
        channel = ServerSocketChannel.open(); // 打开通道 
        socket = channel.socket(); //得到与通到相关的socket对象 
        socket.bind(new InetSocketAddress(port)); //将scoket榜定在制定的端口上 
        //配置通到使用非阻塞模式，在非阻塞模式下，可以编写多道程序同时避免使用复杂的多线程 
        channel.configureBlocking(false);
        channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
        try {
            while (true) {
                this.selector.select();
                Iterator<SelectionKey> iter = this.selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
                while (iter.hasNext()) {
                    SelectionKey key = iter.next();
                    iter.remove();
                    this.handleKey(key);

                }
            }
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

原理还是那些，channel.open(),然后register key，然后遍历，再然后才进行handleKey()的干活。

那netty的写法为什么那么潇洒呢，怀着这个莫名的疑问，我先不管它的结构什么的，直接进行search，发现了这么个东东：

1   NioEventLoop(NioEventLoopGroup parent, ThreadFactory threadFactory, SelectorProvider selectorProvider) {
2         super(parent, threadFactory, false);
3         if (selectorProvider == null) {
4             throw new NullPointerException("selectorProvider");
5         }
6         provider = selectorProvider;
7         selector = openSelector();
8     }

其中第8行从名称上来看，有点点意思了，往下看：

1  private Selector openSelector() {
2         final Selector selector;
3         try {
4             selector = provider.openSelector();

其中的provider就是我们熟悉的:java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider类。

所以这个就是做了selector.open的工作。

接下来能看到NioEventLoop：

1     protected void run() {
2         for (;;) {
3             oldWakenUp = wakenUp.getAndSet(false);
4             try {
5                 if (hasTasks()) {
6                     selectNow();
7                 } else {
8                     select();

再继续看，该类中处理的selectedKey：

 1         final NioUnsafe unsafe = ch.unsafe();
 2         if (!k.isValid()) {
 3             // close the channel if the key is not valid anymore
 4             unsafe.close(unsafe.voidPromise());
 5             return;
 6         }
 7 
 8         try {
 9             int readyOps = k.readyOps();
10             if ((readyOps & (SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT)) != 0 || readyOps == 0) {
11                 unsafe.read();
12                 if (!ch.isOpen()) {
13                     // Connection already closed - no need to handle write.
14                     return;
15                 }
16             }
17             if ((readyOps & SelectionKey.OP_WRITE) != 0) {
18                 // Call forceFlush which will also take care of clear the OP_WRITE once there is nothing left to write
19                 ch.unsafe().forceFlush();
20             }
21             if ((readyOps & SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT) != 0) {
22                 // remove OP_CONNECT as otherwise Selector.select(..) will always return without blocking
23                 // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/924
24                 int ops = k.interestOps();
25                 ops &= ~SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT;
26                 k.interestOps(ops);
27 
28                 unsafe.finishConnect();
29             }
30         } catch (CancelledKeyException e) {
31             unsafe.close(unsafe.voidPromise());
32         }
33