各大主流.Net的IOC框架性能测试比较
在上一篇中,我简单介绍了下Autofac的使用,有人希望能有个性能上的测试,考虑到有那么多的IOC框架,而主流的有:Castle Windsor、微软企业库中的Unity、Spring.NET、StructureMap、Ninject等等。本篇文章主要针对这些IOC框架编写测试程序。
Autofac下载地址:http://code.google.com/p/autofac/
Castle Windsor下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/castleproject/files/Windsor/2.5/Castle.Windsor.2.5.3.zip/download
Unity下载地址:http://entlib.codeplex.com/
Spring.NET下载地址:http://www.springframework.net/
StructureMap下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/structuremap/files/
Ninject下载地址:http://ninject.org/download
其中,测试程序均采用最新的类库。
基础工作
1、程序还是引用上一篇的示例作为测试背景。
2、编写一个性能计数器,这里我采用老赵写的一个CodeTimer的类,具体介绍见:http://www.cnblogs.com/JeffreyZhao/archive/2009/03/10/codetimer.html
使用方式类似于:
3、编写一个IRunner运行接口:
以及RunnerBase抽象基础运行类:
internal void Time(Action action) { CodeTimer.Time(Name, Iteration, action); }
protected abstract string Name { get; } }
这里_iteration表示测试运行次数,通过配置文件来设置值。Time方法通过计数器对action方法进行Iteration次迭代。
编写一个RunManager的运行管理器:
public static void Start(IRunner runner, RunType runType) { runner.Start(runType); } }
在测试中,我采用两种方式的性能比较,一个是单例状态,一个是非单例状态:
/// <summary> /// 瞬时 /// </summary> Transient }
好了,现在我的程序只要继承RunnerBase以及IRunnre接口,就可以实现各个IOC框架的初始化装配的工作了。基础工作已经做好。
各个IOC框架测试程序
1、Autofac:
public void Start(RunType runType) { var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
//if (runType == RunType.Singleton) // builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>().SingleInstance(); //else // builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(); //builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>(); ////builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac")); builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>(); if (runType == RunType.Singleton) builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>())).SingleInstance(); else builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>()));
var container = builder.Build();
Time(() => { var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>(); manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER"); });
container.Dispose(); } }
2、Castle Windsor:
public void Start(RunType runType) { var container = new WindsorContainer(); if(runType == RunType.Singleton) container.Register(Component.For(typeof(DatabaseManager)).LifeStyle.Singleton); else container.Register(Component.For(typeof(DatabaseManager)).LifeStyle.Transient);
container.Register(Component.For(typeof(IDatabase)).ImplementedBy(typeof(SqlDatabase)));
Time(() => { var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>(); manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER"); }); } }
3、Unity:
public void Start(RunType runType) { var container = new UnityContainer(); if(runType == RunType.Singleton) container.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager()); else container.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(new TransientLifetimeManager()); container.RegisterType<IDatabase, SqlDatabase>();
Time(() => { var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>(); manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER"); }); } }
4、Spring.NET:
public void Start(RunType runType) { string databaseManagerName; if (runType == RunType.Singleton) databaseManagerName = "DatabaseManager_Singleton"; else databaseManagerName = "DatabaseManager_Transient";
Time(() => { IApplicationContext context = ContextRegistry.GetContext(); var manager = (DatabaseManager)context.GetObject(databaseManagerName); manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER"); }); } }
5、StructureMap:
public void Start(RunType runType) { ObjectFactory.Initialize(container => { if (runType == RunType.Singleton) container.ForRequestedType<DatabaseManager>().Singleton(); else container.ForRequestedType<DatabaseManager>(); container.ForRequestedType<IDatabase>().TheDefaultIsConcreteType<SqlDatabase>(); });
Time(() => { var manager = ObjectFactory.GetInstance<DatabaseManager>(); manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER"); }); } }
6、Ninject:
public void Start(RunType runType) { IKernel kernel = new StandardKernel(new MyNinjectModule(runType));
Time(() => { var manager = kernel.Get<DatabaseManager>(); manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER"); }); } }
客户端测试程序
Console.WriteLine("IOC - Singleton"); // Autofac Singleton RunManager.Start(new AutofacRunner(), RunType.Singleton); // Castle Windsor RunManager.Start(new WindsorRunner(), RunType.Singleton); // Unity RunManager.Start(new UnityRunner(), RunType.Singleton); // Spring.NET RunManager.Start(new SpringRunner(), RunType.Singleton); // StructureMap RunManager.Start(new StructureMapRunner(), RunType.Singleton); // Ninject RunManager.Start(new NinjectRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
Console.WriteLine("==================================="); Console.WriteLine("IOC - Transient"); // Autofac Singleton RunManager.Start(new AutofacRunner(), RunType.Transient); // Castle Windsor RunManager.Start(new WindsorRunner(), RunType.Transient); // Unity RunManager.Start(new UnityRunner(), RunType.Transient); // Spring.NET RunManager.Start(new SpringRunner(), RunType.Transient); // StructureMap RunManager.Start(new StructureMapRunner(), RunType.Transient); // Ninject RunManager.Start(new NinjectRunner(), RunType.Transient);
Console.ReadKey(); }
通过修改App.config的Iteration配置值,来设置迭代次数。
运行结果
1、Iteration=1000:
分析:在千数量级时,Autofac,CastleWindsor、StructureMap基本差不多,效率上比其他的要高。
2、Iteration=10000:
分析:在万数量级时,Autofac,CastleWindsor,StructureMap基本效率还是差不多,其中StructureMap效率稍稍有些下降;Spring.NET以及Ninject的性能比较低。
3、Iteration=100000:
分析:在十万数量级时,CastleWindsor的效率开始下降,而在Transient方面,StructureMap和Autofac基本差不多。
4、Iteration=1000000:
分析:在百万数量级时,Autofac和StructureMap两者还是保持比较高的效率,并且在Transient方面,StructureMap已经超过了Autofac。
总结:从测试中,可以看出Autofac和StructureMap在性能上面还是体现出比较大的优势,Ninject可以说性能上较低。而Spring.NET不仅仅专注于IOC方面,它还专注于其他方方面面的功能,所以在IOC方面的性能不是太高。另外,微软的Unity中规中矩,性能较为稳定,也是一个不错的选择。另外,可能测试程序会有所偏差,希望大家也能够指出问题!
测试程序源代码:IOCPerformanceTest.rar
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