LoadRunner基于HTML-based script和URL-based script方式录制的区别和各自的使用场景
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时间：2015年06月09日
一、区别：
为了更加直观的区别这两种录制方式，我们可以分别使用这两种方式录制同一场景(打开百度首页)然后进行对比，录制的代码如下：
- HTML-based script方式打开百度首页:
Action() { web_url("www.baidu.com", "URL=http://www.baidu.com/", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t2.inf", "Mode=HTML", EXTRARES, "Url=https://www.baidu.com/img/270x129gif_2_34efd039aeb80b72ae0708a039d15503.gif", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/global/img/icons_2df80e9d.png", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_jgylogo3.gif", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/global/js/all_instant_search1_6322b0cc.js", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/home/js/nu_instant_search_9b23bc7b.js", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/global/img/quickdelete_9c14b01a.png", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/sug/js/bdsug_input_event_89ba7d09.js", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://passport.baidu.com/passApi/js/uni_login_wrapper.js?cdnversion=1430055815464&_=1430055815291", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/baiduia/baiduia_b45d552b.js", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/plugins/every_cookie_09fe94e0.js", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://sp0.baidu.com/5a1Fazu8AA54nxGko9WTAnF6hhy/su?wd=&json=1&p=3&sid=13457_13387_1449_13074_12824_13381_12867_13323_12692_13410_10562_12722_13439_13287_13602_13161_13257_11800_13085_8498&req=2&cb=jQuery1102008927719119172578_1430055815292&_=1430055815293", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/baiduia/JSocket_9a52fc3e.swf?0.05", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, "Url=https://www.baidu.com/favicon.ico", "Referer=", ENDITEM, "Url=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/plugins/env_5202315f.swf", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", ENDITEM, LAST); return 0; }
- URL-based script方式打开百度首页:
Action() { web_url("vus_main.js", "URL=http://conf.xmp.kankan.com/vus/vipjs/vus_main.js", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/x-javascript", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t1.inf", LAST); web_url("www.baidu.com", "URL=http://www.baidu.com/", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t3.inf", "Mode=HTTP", LAST); web_url("jquery-1.10.2.min_f2fb5194.js", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/jquery/jquery-1.10.2.min_f2fb5194.js", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/javascript", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t4.inf", LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("270x129gif_2_34efd039aeb80b72ae0708a039d15503.gif", "URL=https://www.baidu.com/img/270x129gif_2_34efd039aeb80b72ae0708a039d15503.gif", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=image/gif", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t5.inf", LAST); web_url("baidu_jgylogo3.gif", "URL=https://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_jgylogo3.gif", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=image/gif", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t6.inf", LAST); web_url("icons_2df80e9d.png", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/global/img/icons_2df80e9d.png", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=image/png", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t7.inf", LAST); web_url("all_instant_search1_6322b0cc.js", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/global/js/all_instant_search1_6322b0cc.js", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/javascript", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t8.inf", LAST); web_url("uni_login_wrapper.js", "URL=https://passport.baidu.com/passApi/js/uni_login_wrapper.js?cdnversion=1430055705421&_=1430055705210", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=text/javascript", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t9.inf", LAST); web_url("nu_instant_search_9b23bc7b.js", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/home/js/nu_instant_search_9b23bc7b.js", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/javascript", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t10.inf", LAST); web_url("bdsug_input_event_89ba7d09.js", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/sug/js/bdsug_input_event_89ba7d09.js", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/javascript", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t11.inf", LAST); web_url("quickdelete_9c14b01a.png", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/global/img/quickdelete_9c14b01a.png", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=image/png", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t12.inf", LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); web_custom_request("q.cgi", "URL=http://masterconn.qq.com/q.cgi", "Method=POST", "Resource=1", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t13.inf", "EncType=", "BodyBinary=\\x00\\x02\\x00\\xA6\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x02\\x00\\x00\\x01\n\\x00\\x00\\x07\\xDA\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00箲\\x0E哶C[褏4苶j虗X\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x02\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x01\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x01\\x00\\x00\\x00\t\\x10BR\\xCD\\x06\\x11(o%\\x80\\xC4\\xFF\\xF3‘~鳩諣粷,U秡ㄚn.澅@得c\\xB4\\x0F\\x18$\\xD1$\n\\x8D+<4堲憭彫z>M邗\\x04\nyu崙‘猩榆*￥貆眚m*程\\x185鱴臀\\xFC=兤\\x01\\xB9=\\xC19>\\x13寇嫖s貖葠\\x8C\\x0E=]慯1\\x15\\x8A" "(筐敍\\x80u\\x12\\x14纁F迖斕鷠\\xED\\x1E边祗躁$魄\\x19ol*坡糎}, \\x10\\x1Cg\\x8A\\x16树c诩3\\x0E脁(\t薍o=魇eT\\x97\\x08\\x13緀岧&\\x1B\\xA5", LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("su", "URL=https://sp0.baidu.com/5a1Fazu8AA54nxGko9WTAnF6hhy/su?wd=&json=1&p=3&sid=13457_13387_1449_13074_12824_13381_12867_13323_12692_13410_10562_12722_13439_13287_13602_13161_13257_11800_13085_8498&req=2&cb=jQuery110208659240831750304_1430055705211&_=1430055705212", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=text/javascript", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t14.inf", LAST); web_url("baiduia_b45d552b.js", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/baiduia/baiduia_b45d552b.js", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/javascript", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t15.inf", LAST); web_url("every_cookie_09fe94e0.js", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/plugins/every_cookie_09fe94e0.js", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/javascript", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t16.inf", LAST); web_url("JSocket_9a52fc3e.swf", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/baiduia/JSocket_9a52fc3e.swf?0.05", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/x-shockwave-flash", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t17.inf", LAST); web_url("env_5202315f.swf", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/plugins/env_5202315f.swf", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/x-shockwave-flash", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t18.inf", LAST); web_url("favicon.ico", "URL=https://www.baidu.com/favicon.ico", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=image/x-icon", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t19.inf", LAST); web_url("JSocket_9a52fc3e.swf_2", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/baiduia/JSocket_9a52fc3e.swf?0.05", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/x-shockwave-flash", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t20.inf", LAST); web_url("env_5202315f.swf_2", "URL=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/static/protocol/https/plugins/env_5202315f.swf", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=application/x-shockwave-flash", "Referer=https://www.baidu.com/", "Snapshot=t21.inf", LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); return 0; }
从上面可以看出：
- HTML-based script：这种方式录制的代码只生成了一个函数，所有请求全放在这个函数里面，即：一个操作(可能包含多个请求)会生成一个函数，这种方式看起来比较简洁
- URL-based script：这种方式会生成很多函数，它将每个请求都单独成一个函数，这种方式更接近请求-响应的本质
二、HTML-based script模式下-->高级选项Sctipt type两种方式的区别：
- A script describing user actions(e.g. web_link,web_submit_form)
- A script containing explicit URLs only(e.g. web_url, web_submit_data)
同上面一样，我们还是通过录制同一场景的方法直接来对比这两种方式的区别（录制loadrunner自代的示例程序）
- A script describing user actions(e.g. web_link,web_submit_form)
Action() {
//如果注释掉这个函数，执行时会失败 web_url("WebTours", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t9.inf", "Mode=HTML", EXTRARES, "Url=../favicon.ico", "Referer=", ENDITEM, LAST);
//提交表单，依赖上下文，如果没有上面的函数，会执行失败 web_submit_form("login.pl", "Snapshot=t10.inf", ITEMDATA, "Name=username", "Value=jojo", ENDITEM, "Name=password", "Value=bean", ENDITEM, "Name=login.x", "Value=59", ENDITEM, "Name=login.y", "Value=9", ENDITEM, LAST); return 0; }
- A script containing explicit URLs only(e.g. web_url, web_submit_data)
Action() { //注释掉这个函数，这个场景执行不会失败，因为web_submit_data的函数中包含了具体的URL(如下标红的action) web_url("WebTours", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/", "TargetFrame=", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t1.inf", "Mode=HTML", EXTRARES, "Url=http://conf.xmp.kankan.com/vus/vipjs/vus_main.js", "Referer=", ENDITEM, LAST); //提交数据到具体的URL，不依赖上下文 web_submit_data("login.pl", "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl", "Method=POST", "TargetFrame=", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home", "Snapshot=t3.inf", "Mode=HTML", ITEMDATA, "Name=userSession", "Value=115841.053786958fQfifHtpcAtVzzzHDfHfVpttfccf", ENDITEM, "Name=username", "Value=jojo", ENDITEM, "Name=password", "Value=bean", ENDITEM, "Name=JSFormSubmit", "Value=off", ENDITEM, "Name=login.x", "Value=47", ENDITEM, "Name=login.y", "Value=9", ENDITEM, LAST);return 0; }
总结：
- web_submit_form: 上下文相关的，依赖上下文才能提交，比较符合人们的操作习惯。
- web_submit_data: 上下文不相关，每个函数都指定了具体的url地址，可以直接提交成功，如果只关注协议，不需要关注页面，可使用这种方式录制。
三、使用场景：
- 基于浏览器的应用程序推荐使用HTML-based Script
- 不是基于浏览器的应用程序推荐使用URL-based Script。
- 如果基于浏览器的应用程序中包含了JavaScript 并且该脚本向服务器产生了请求，比如DataGrid 的分页按钮等，flash等，也要使用URL-based 方式录制
- 基于浏览器的应用程序中使用了HTTPS 安全协议，使用URL-based 方式录制
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