ORACLE专题之安装
声明：原创作品，出自 “深蓝的blog” 博客，欢迎转载，转载时请务必注明出处，否则追究版权法律责任。
深蓝的blog：http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong/article/details/43935049
枯燥的知识点介绍是漫天飞舞，我们不妨从中筛选出部分细节，带着问题来学习Oracle体系知识，这样也许印象会更深刻吧。接下来的一段日子里，本人为了通过ocp考试，将会通过这种形式，开始oracle体系、备份、调优等一系列的学习梳理与练习，以下即是一个自我的总结，也作为网络上的简单分享。
基础知识，如果也能帮助到初学者，欣慰不已。
【不耻下问】
1、手工建库如何实施？
参考我的文章：
ORACLE10G 建库参考：http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong/article/details/43926321
ORACLE11G 建库参考：http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong/article/details/43926437
2、如何图形化安装数据库？
思路为：
1、主机名、域名解析及网络配置；
2、安装需要的包；
3、创建用户、组、目录；
4、配置内核参数、修改环境变量；
5、设置shell限制；
6、解压安装包；
7、图形化安装oracle软件、dbca建库、netca配置监听；
8、配置开机启动。
具体细节可以参考我的相关文章：
http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong/article/details/40180579
http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong/article/details/40180867
http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong/article/details/40181003
http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong/article/details/40181661
安装相关参考文章
http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong/article/category/2637015
3、什么是OFA？
OFA最优灵活体系结构，是Optimal Flexible Architecture的简称。这是一种oracle的规范，在于提出一种统一的文件及目录的规则。
【小试牛刀】
题目来自ocp认证考试大纲：
题库来源：052、053。
106、install
106.
You plan to configure the new Oracle Database 11g installation by performing these tasks:
- Use Automatic Storage Management (ASM) as the storage option.
- Use Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control to manage the database.
- Provide the same password for SYS, SYSTEM, SYSMAN, and DBSNMP accounts during theinstallation.
- Configure the database to send email notifications.
Some tools available to you for installation are:
1: Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)
2: Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA)
3: Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA)
4: Oracle Net Configuration Assistant
Which tools would you use for this installation?
A.2
B.3
C.1 and 2
D.3 and 4
E.1, 2, and 4
Answer: E
个人愚见：3项中的，DBUA为升级使用，无关于安装。其它选项，oui为卸载程序，dbca为建库程序，第4项是net manager配置（用netca命令调用）
108、install
108.
You are installing Oracle Database 11g on your server. During the installation Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) prompts you to enter the path of the inventorydirectory and also prompts you to specify an operating system group name. Which statement is true in this case?
A.The ORACLE_BASE parameter is not set.
B.The installation is being performed by the root user.
C.The operating system group that will be specified should have root user as its member.
D.The installation is being performed without the "Create Starter Database" option selected.
E.The operating system group that will be specified must have permission to write to the inventory directory.
Answer: E
个人愚见：安装必须保证inventory归属于oinstall组，oracle用户有权限访问。
109、install
109.
In a new installation of Oracle Database 11g, you perform these activities:
1: Organize software and data on different subdirectories to avoid poor performance.
2: Use consistent naming conventions for database files.
3: Separate administrative information pertaining to the database in different directories.
Which option corresponds to the type of activities you performed?
A.Oracle Managed Files
B.Oracle Grid Architecture
C.Optimal Flexible Architecture
D.Oracle database architecture
E.Automatic Storage Management
Answer: C
个人愚见：OFA最优灵活体系结构，一种安装规则。
110、install
110.
Which task would you perform before you run Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) in silent or suppressed mode for an installation?
A.Run the root.sh script.
B.Create the oraInst.loc file.
C.Create the tnsnames.ora file.
D.Run the oraintRoot.sh script.
Answer: B
个人愚见：oraInst.loc文件通常位于/etc目录中。在其他Unix系统（如Solaris）中，该文件位于/var/opt/oracle目录中。图形化安装时会自动创建。
该文件内容，从网上找了下资料，如下：
该文件含有下列信息：
Oracle清单目录路径；
拥有安装和升级Oracle软件操作权限的OS组的名称。
Oracle清单目录中含有管理Oracle安装和升级的文件。通常，每台主机都有一个Oracle清单目录。该目录结构中含有inventory.xml文件，该文件含有服务器上已安装的各种Oracle版本的记录。
Oracle清单OS组拥有安装和升级Oracle软件的权限。Oracle公司建议将该组命名为oinstall。有时候DBA会将清单组设定为dba组。如果您的环境不需要其他独立的组（如oinstall），那么使用dba组就没有问题。
可以使用实用程序（如vi）创建oraInst.loc文件。
111、install
111.
You are installing Oracle Database 11g on a machine. When you run the installer, the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) shows the message that says one of the product-specific prerequisite checks has failed:
Checking available swap space requirements ...
Expected result: 1512MB
Actual Result: 1018MB
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Failed <<<<
Problem: The system does not have the required swap space.
What happens to the installation in this situation?
A.It can be continued.
B.It resizes the swap space automatically when you proceed further.
C.It can be continued, but the instance cannot be started without increasing the swap space.
D.It shows a message saying one or more prerequisite checks have failed and the installation cannot proceed.
Answer: A
个人愚见：oracle对swap分区有最低要求是几百兆，即使设置不是太高也不会影响安装。swap作为虚拟内存使用，会影响一定效率但并不致于使oracle无法安装。
112、install
112.
View the Exhibit.
What would happen if Oracle Home is not empty?
A.The installation will not be continued until the location is empty.
B.The installation will proceed without overwriting the existing files.
C.The installation can be continued, but the existing files will be overwritten.
D.The installation terminates automatically after showing an error message.
Answer: A
个人愚见：当Oracle Home文件为空时，会继续安装。
113、install
113.
You are working on a new Oracle Database 11g server, where only the software is installed and no database is created. You plan to create a database on this server using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA).
Some of the requirements set for your database creation task are:
1: Configure the database to operate in shared server mode.
2: Disable automatic maintenance tasks such as optimizer statistics collection.
3: Configure a naming method to help the remote user connect to the database instance.
4: Use Automatic Storage Management (ASM) for storing the database files.
5: Configure daily database backup to flash recovery area.
6: Configure Enterprise Manager Database Control to manage the database.
Which of these requirements can be met while creating the database?
A.4 and 6
B.2, 3, 4, and 6
C.1, 2, 4, 5, and 6
D.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6
Answer: C
个人愚见：“第3小项”是为客户配置远程连接，这个不在dbca设置的范畴之内。netca是图形化配置远程监听及网络配置属性的。
114、install
114.
You plan to implement the distributed database system in your company. You invoke Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) to create a database on the server. During the installation, DBCA prompts you to specify the Global Database Name.
What must this name be made up of?
A.It must be made up of a database name and a domain name.
B.It must be made up of the value in ORACLE_SID and HOSTNAME.
C.It must be made up of the value that you plan to assign for INSTANACE_NAME and HOSTNAME.
D.It must be made up of the value that you plan to assign for ORACLE_SID and SERVICE_NAMES.
Answer: A
个人愚见：网络配置oracle，设置全局数据库名要包含“数据库名”和“网络域名”。
115、install
115.
View the Exhibit.
You are creating an additional database by using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA). You opted to create a General Purpose database and during the database creation realize that the Block Size field is not enabled. What could be the reason for this?
A.You have chosen the File System option as the storage option.
B.You have chosen the Automatic Storage Management (ASM) as the storage option.
C.The data block size can be increased only when DBCA is invoked from Oracle Universal Installer (OUI).
D.You are using General Purpose template and not the Custom Database template to create the database.
Answer: D
个人愚见：使用通用模板创建数据库，块尺寸为指定尺寸不能修改。
题库：053
37、install
37.During the installation of Oracle Database 11g, you do not set ORACLE_BASE explicitly. You selected the option to create a database as part of the installation. How would this environment variable setting affect the installation?
A. The installation terminates with an error.
B. The installation proceeds with the default value without warnings and errors.
C. The installation proceeds with the default value but it would not be an OFA-compliant database.
D. The installation proceeds with the default value but a message would be generated in the alert log file.
Answer: D
个人愚见：没有设置根目录不影响安装进行，会选择默认oracle目录，但此信息会出现在告警日志中提示你对其进行设置。
声明：原创作品，出自 “深蓝的blog” 博客，欢迎转载，转载时请务必注明出处，否则追究版权法律责任。
深蓝的blog：http://blog.csdn.net/huangyanlong/article/details/43935049
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