MySQL基础day03_数据的导入、导出-MySQL 5.6

load data  infile ‘文件名‘ into table  表名  fields  terminated by ‘分隔符‘ lines  terminated by \n‘;

示例：将/etc/passwd导入到userdb.user_tab表中

load data infile ‘/etc/passwd‘ into table userdb.user_tab fields terminated by ‘:‘ lines terminated by ‘\n‘;

select *  from 导出的表名 into outfile ‘导出的文件名‘ fields terminated by ‘分隔符‘ lines  terminated by ‘\n‘;

select *  from 导出的表名 into outfile ‘/目录/文件名‘ fields terminated by ‘分隔符‘ lines terminated by ‘\n‘;

示例：

select *  from userdb.user_tab into outfile ‘user.txt‘ fields terminated by ‘||‘ lines  terminated by ‘\n‘;

create  database userdb;

create table  userdb.user_tab(

name  varchar(30),

passwd  char(1) default ‘x‘,

uid int(3)  not null,

gid int(3)  not null,

infor  varchar(30),

work  varchar(30),

home  varchar(15) not null default ‘/sbin/nologin‘

index(username),

unique(uid)

);

测试插入一个一行值之后删除掉该段：

insert into  userdb.user_tab values(‘root‘,‘x‘,0,0,‘root‘,‘/root‘,‘/bin/bash‘);

delete from  userdb.user_tab where name=‘root‘;

使用load导入：

load data  infile ‘/etc/passwd‘ into table userdb.user_tab fields terminated by ‘:‘  lines terminated by ‘\n‘;

导出到user.txt：

select *  from userdb.user_tab into outfile ‘user.txt‘ fields terminated by ‘||‘ lines  terminated by ‘\n‘;

注：导出的位置为当前数据库的目录，也就是/var/lib/mysql/数据库名目录下；

由于当前没有切换到任何目录，所以，会保存到/var/lib/mysql目录。

导出到/bakdb目录下：

[root@localhost  ~]# mkdir /bakdb

[root@localhost  ~]# chmod o+w /bakdb/       //将bakdb的所有者改为mysql也行

[root@localhost  ~]# ll -d /bakdb/

drwxr-xrwx. 2 root root 4096 3月  17 19:36 /bakdb/

[root@localhost  ~]# getenforce          //查看当前selinux的状态

Enforcing                //Enforcing为强制状态

[root@localhost  ~]# mysql -p

mysql> select * from userdb.user_tab into outfile  ‘/bakdb/user.txt‘ fields terminated by ‘$‘ lines terminated by ‘\n‘;                //尝试导出，由于selinux的原因，会有permission denied拒绝提示！！！

ERROR 1  (HY000): Can‘t create/write to file ‘/bakdb/user.txt‘ (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)

mysql>  quit

Bye

[root@localhost  ~]# setenforce 0        //临时关闭selinux

[root@localhost  ~]# getenforce         //查看selinux的状态，permissive表示允许

Permissive

[root@localhost  ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux

[root@localhost  ~]# grep -vE "^#|^$" /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=disabled

SELINUXTYPE=targeted

[root@localhost  ~]# mysql -p

mysql> select * from userdb.user_tab into outfile  ‘/bakdb/user.txt‘ fields terminated by ‘$‘ lines terminated by ‘\n‘;       //尝试导出，成功！！！

Query OK, 34  rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  quit

Bye

[root@localhost  ~]# ll /bakdb/user.txt

-rw-rw-rw-.  1 mysql mysql 1725 3月  17 19:36 /bakdb/user.txt

[root@localhost  ~]#